Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and its precursors contaminate food and agricultural products, posing a significant risk to food safety and human health, but simultaneous and effective extraction and ...determination of AFB1 and its precursors with varied structures is still a challenging task.
In this study, a bisimidazolium-type ionic liquid functionalized mesoporous multipod silica (SiO2@mPMO-IL(im)2) was fabricated to extract AFB1 and its two precursors, i.e., averantin and sterigmatocystin. The SiO2@mPMO-IL(im)2 could simultaneously extract three targets with varied structures based on the multipods, mesopores, and multifunctional groups. The density functional theory calculations further verified the multiple interactions between SiO2@mPMO-IL(im)2 and targets. The fabricated SiO2@mPMO-IL(im)2 could effectively extract and determine three targets in grains by combing with dispersive solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography. Good linearity (r2 > 0.9978), low LODs (0.9–1.5 μg kg−1) and LOQs (3.0–4.5 μg kg−1), satisfactory spiked recoveries (92.5%–106.8%) and high precisions (RSD<6.4%) were observed.
This work demonstrates the feasibility of SiO2@mPMO-IL(im)2 for simultaneous and effective extraction of toxins with varied structures and provides a promising sample preparation for the analysis of AFB1 and its precursors in grain samples.
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•An ionic liquid functionalized mesoporous multipod silica was fabricated.•The material can simultaneously extract AFB1, AVN, and ST with varied structures.•Efficient extraction relied on multipods, mesopores, and multiple interactions.•This work offers a novel analytical strategy for AFB1 and its precursors in grain.
The plasmonic metal nanoparticle endowed with attractive localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) property is promising in the biomedical application. Herein, branched AuCu nanoalloys have been ...fabricated in one-pot, the morphology of which could be modified by altering the amine capping agent and thus obtaining monopods, tetrapods and pentapods nanostructure. Corresponding to nanoparticles with variable shape in aqueous solution, LPSR peaks were observed in the UV–vis extinction spectra, covering the visible region around 530 nm and the extended near-infrared (NIR) region at 780 nm and more than 1100 nm for AuCu nano-tetrapods and nano-pentapods respectively. The effective photothermal conversion is detected for the as-mentioned three nanostructures, among which AuCu nano-tetrapods and AuCu nano-pentapods achieved superb photothermal efficiency value under the 808-nm and 1064-nm laser irradiations, respectively, in consistence with their strong LPSR absorption wavelength around 780 nm and 1100 nm. Arising from such photothermal properties, the AuCu nano-tetrapods exhibited excellent antibacterial efficiency with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 29.3 μg mL−1 and facilitated to inhibit a wide range of multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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•Plasmonic AuCu alloyed multipods nanostructures with various branches were prepared via facile one-step reduction.•The tunability of the structure morphology could result in photothermal performance adjustability.•The preferable AuCu nano-tetrapods exhibited remarkable efficiency to against multidrug-resistant bacteria in vitro.
A unique nanomaterial platform was developed for trace detection and efficient degradation of triclosan (TCS). A facile spectroscopic technique for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-supported ...identification and ultraviolet (UV) degradation of TCS using a SERS template based on silver spherical nanoparticle (AgNP)-modified ZnO multipods (ZnO@Ag) is reported. Core-shell composite materials of ZnO multipods with a dimension of around 3 μm and AgNPs with an average diameter of ∼27 nm was designed not only as a substrate for TCS degradation up to ∼92% upon UV irradiation (λ = 365 mm, 300 μW/cm2) but also as a monitoring platform sensitive to TCS at a detection limit as low as 10−9 M (≈0.3 ppb). Herein, the first investigation into ZnO@Ag bimetallic composites is established for both the SERS-based detection and UV-assisted degradation of environmental TCS pollutants. The calibration curve was estimated to be linear at R2 > 0.97. The validated technology was successfully used to determine the antibacterial agent and TCS in distilled or river water. The advantages of the ZnO@Ag template are highlighted over conventional detection and excellent degradation.
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•Triclosan pollutant levels could be monitored using a spectroscopic technique.•Ag nanoparticle-decorated ZnO multipod composites were introduced as a substrate.•Subppb level detection limit was reached for triclosan (10−9 M ≈ 0.3 ppb).•UV irradiation at 365 nm could remove up to ∼92% of triclosan on glass surfaces.
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•Hybrid nanosystems comprising a gold multipod nanoparticle (GMN) core and Pd shell.•Controllable growth (epitaxial or islanded) of Pd on the gold multipod nanoparticles.•Enhanced ...density of active interfacial surfaces in the bimetallic nanocomposites.•Enhanced ORR catalytic activity in the islanded Pd shell on GMN core (I-GMN@Pd NPs).
Integration of two metal constituents into core–shell structures is an efficient strategy to prepare advanced materials for a variety of applications. The controllable synthesis of targeted bimetallic core–shell nanostructures is an important yet challenging task. Herein, bimetallic nanoparticles comprising a gold multipod nanoparticle (GMN) core and distinctive Pd shell (GMN@Pd NPs) are successfully synthesized in a facile and controllable manner. Epitaxial or islanded growth of Pd on the GMNs can be readily achieved using appropriate stabilizing agents. The controllable growth mode of the Pd layers, coupled with the unique topologies of GMNs, are advantageous for enhancing the density of active interfacial surfaces in the composites. Particularly, I-GMN@Pd NPs show substantially enhanced ORR activity compared with monometallic counterparts and excellent durability and better tolerance to the crossover effect than that of Pt/C, rendering the materials highly desirable for practical use.
As the importance of anisotropic nanostructures and the role of surfaces continues to rise in applications including catalysis, magneto-optics, and electromagnetic interference shielding, there is a ...need for efficient and economical synthesis routes for such nanostructures. The article describes the application of cycled microwave power for the rapid synthesis of highly branched pure-phase face-centered cubic crystalline nickel multipod nanostructures with >99% multipod population. By controlling the power delivery to the reaction mixture through cycling, superior control is achieved over the growth kinetics of the metallic nanostructures, allowing formation of multipods consisting of arms with different aspect ratios. The multipod structures are formed under ambient conditions in a simple reaction system composed of nickel acetylacetonate (Ni(acac)2), oleylamine (OAm), and oleic acid (OAc) in a matter of minutes by selective heating at the (111) overgrowth corners on Ni nanoseeds. The selective heating at the corners leads to accelerated autocatalytic growth along the ⟨111⟩ direction through a “lightning rod” effect. The length is proprtional to the length and number of microwave (MW)-on cycles, whereas the core size is controlled by continuous MW power delivery. The roles of heating mode (cycling versus variable power versus convective heating) during synthesis of the materials is explored, allowing a mechanism into how cycled microwave energy may allow fast multipod evolution to be proposed.
The growth behavior of cadmium chalcogenides (CdE = CdS, CdSe, and CdTe) on sphalerite Cu2−x Se nanocrystals (size range 10−15 nm) is studied. Due to the capability of Cu2−x Se to undergo a fast and ...quantitative cation exchange reaction in the presence of excessive Cd2+ ions, no Cu2−x Se/CdE heterostructures are obtained and instead branched CdSe/CdE nanocrystals are built which consist of a sphalerite CdSe core and wurtzite CdE arms. While CdTe growth yields multiarmed structures with overall tetrahedral symmetry, CdS and CdSe arm growth leads to octapod-shaped nanocrystals. These results differ significantly from literature findings about the growth of CdE on sphalerite CdSe particles, which until now had always yielded tetrapod-shaped nanocrystals.
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•Urchin-like Ni is prepared in solvothermal reaction.•Urchin-like Ni is formed via Ni(OH)2 aggregates in ethanol and oleylamine.•Exchange current density of urchin-like Ni is ...0.191mAcm−2.•Urchin-like Ni exceeds the catalytic performance of commercial Pt/C in HER.
Ni nanoparticles with different morphologies were synthesized for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline solution. Here, Ni(acac)2 was converted into Ni metal nanoparticles in solvothermal reactions with simple alcohols and oleylamine (OAm). The morphology of the resulting Ni nanoparticles was dependent mainly on the OAm/Ni molar ratio in alcohol solvent. Aggregates of spherical Ni nanoparticles (NiEt-OAm1) were observed at the OAm/Ni molar ratio of 1.0, whereas two echinoid Ni nanoparticles (NiEt-OAm4 and NiEt-OAm6) could be prepared in ethanol at the OAm/Ni molar ratios of 4.0 and 6.0. Ni(OH)2 formed in ethanol during a reaction time of 5h was then reduced into echinoid Ni nanoparticles after 8h. Echinoid Ni nanoparticles were formed by atomic addition on the tops of the multipod Ni particles formed via Ni(OH)2/NiO aggregates. Webbed feet-like particles (NiIPA-OAm4) with plate edges were also observed in isopropanol under the same reaction conditions. The catalytic activities of the prepared Ni nanoparticles for the hydrogen evolution reaction were evaluated in alkaline solution. The NiEt-OAm4 with urchin-like morphology was much more active than the NiIPA-OAm4 with webbed feet-like morphology. The exchange current density of Ni catalysts was increased with increasing the OAm/Ni molar ratio. The NiEt-OAm6 exhibited an exchange current of 0.191mAcm−2 and the NiEt-OAm4 exceeded electrocatalytic performance of a commercial Pt catalysts (40% Pt on Vulcan XC 72) in a stability test for 100 kiloseconds at −1.5V (vs. Hg/HgO) in 1.0M NaOH due to its high stability.
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Gold multipod nanoparticles (Au Multipod NPs) containing multi-branches with sharp edges and tips were synthesized in high yield through a facile seed-mediated method using ...cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), Brij35, Au seed nanoparticles, Ag+ ions, ascorbic acid, and sodium salicylate. The branch lengths of Au Multipod NPs were finely controlled by adjusting the molar ratio of mixed surfactants, and in particular by changing the amount of sodium salicylate. A formation mechanism for the star-shaped topologies was proposed and experimentally proved. The catalytic activity of the synthesized Au Multipod NPs was evaluated in ethanol electrooxidation reaction. The dependence of the catalytic performances on the nanostructural morphology was investigated.
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