Agilawood is a costly heartwood medicine obtained from Aquilaria sinensis with active ingredients mainly composed of volatile and semi-volatile substances. However, the formation time of agilawood is ...quite long and little is known about its formation mechanism. Two highly active fungi obtained from natural agilawood were inoculated on A. sinensis trees to understand their interaction processes and elucidate the transformation rules of induced chemical compositions within different test periods. The results demonstrated that the fungi could successfully colonize living tissues and cells and activate the host defense system, re- suiting in agilawood accumulation. With increasing time, the main components of A. sinensis converted into constituents or ana- logs of agilawood and the host exhibited ＂self-injury＂ to prevent fungal intrusion and protect other tissues. The data presented here could provide scientific basis for producing agilawood with the two new fungi in a safe, feasible, and sustainable manner without destroying rare Aquilaria plants.
In this paper, we propose a new clustering algorithm that performs clustering the feature vectors for the speaker identification. Unlike typical clustering approaches, the proposed method does the ...clustering without the initial guesses of locations of the cluster centers and a priori information about the number of clusters. Cluster centers are obtained incrementally by adding one cluster center at a time through the subtractive clustering algorithm. The number of clusters is obtained by investigating the mutual relationship between clusters. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm as compared with the conventional methods.
The study analysed the support given by public health nurses by focusing the mutual relationship between them and local residents through the process of independent group formation and continuation. ...The subject was an independent group comprised of people aged over 65 who had participated in the public health center's strength training class. Data was collected through 1) project records, 2) participant observation and 3) interviews, and acquired data were classfied into "residents' opinions" and "public health nurses' opinions." The Trajectory Equifinality Model (TEM) was used for analysis. The process was organized into four phases, and the obligatory passage points (OPP) crucial to the relationship between the residents and public health nurses occurred twice, in Phases 1 and 3. In Phase 1, the public health nurse understood the needs of participants who wanted to continue exercising after completing the class, and through group work, established a venue to discuss needs (OPP1). In Phase 2, the public health nurses offered support, and participants experienced in group activity showed interest, resulting in the decision to create an independent group. In Phase 3, a group coordinator consulted with the public health nurses, and a meeting to discuss changing coordinators was held (OPP2). In Phase 4, the participants began to proactively discuss subjects relevant to the group amongst themselves, and no longer needed the support of the public health nurses. The public health nurses maintained a mutual relationship with the residents, and functioned as a facilitator who enabled the group to gain a foothold.
This paper presents the findings of the author in the process of his interaction with a severely mentally disabled child who is immature and cannot form relationships with others. Child A (hereafter ...referred to as “A”) often acts violently toward others. The author interacts with A for one year; as a result, he finds that the number of episodes of violent behavior decreases as mutual trust between the two grows. The author hypothesizes that the educational achievements in schools for the mentally disabled lie in the process of narrowing the gaps between caregivers and disabled children in terms of their views and behaviors.When the author began to observe A’s behavior, he noticed the many incidents of violent behavior. Then the author started to interact with A in an effort to reduce the frequency of such behavior. At first, A strenuously rejected the author’s repeated attempts at contact, and only responded violently. Therefore, the author reexamined his approach and tried to interact with A in a more positive and sympathetic way. After deepening the relationship and trust with A, the violent acts ceased, and A’s interaction with people improved. The author discusses these experiences from three points of view: violent behavior, sympathetic response, and development of relationships of mutual trust.Furthermore, the author reviews the importance of“the viewpoint of caregivers,”“the viewpoint of disabled children,” and, “the continual efforts to improve the relationship” in addressing violent behavior. Gradually, the author arranged for A to increase participation in social activities.
Family Young, Richard A.; Marshall, Sheila K.; Valach, Ladislav ...
Transition to Adulthood,
08/2010
Book Chapter
Family is one of the key loci of transition to adulthood projects. It is both a focus of transition, that is, developing new relationships between family members as one becomes an adult, and a ...support though which other transitions can be achieved, for example, living independently and entry into world of full-time work. Although it is consistent with action theory to expect a multitude of transition-related joint actions, projects, and communication to occur across the family system and sub-systems within the family, empirical research using the action-project method to study family transition-to-adulthood projects has focused exclusively on the parent–youth sub-system. Thus, it is this sub-system that is the focus of this chapter. However, it is important to understand that other family relationships can be just as important. For example, when the youngest child in a family begins her transition to adulthood, joint transition projects with an older sister are likely to be a vital part of her transition process.
The number of examples in which the community facilities merged with school facilities, schoolcommunity facilities complex, are gradually increasing, especially in the downtown area of Tokyo. ...According to the author's viewpoint, these projects may have the possibilities to develop the architectural standards of public school facilities and to stimulate the mutual relationship between school education and further education. 27 existing examples of school-community facilities complex were examined from the standpoint of actual conditions of architectural planning and facilities management. And some essential architectural planning problems were discussed in this papers.
Love and Power Suzuki, Daisetsu Teitaro
Selected Works of D. T. Suzuki, Volume III,
08/2016
Book Chapter
Never in the history of mankind has there been a more urgent need for spiritual leaders and for the enhancement of spiritual values than there is in our contemporary world. We have achieved many ...wonderful things in this and the past century toward the advancement of human welfare. But, strangely, we seem to have forgotten that our welfare depends principally upon our spiritual wisdom and discipline. It is all due to our not fully recognizing this fact that we see the world at present being filled with the putrefying air of hatred and violence, fear and treachery. Indeed, we are
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