AFM image of 17 nanodevices with a zoom‐in cartoon schematically shows an individual crosspoint device consisting of two Pt metal electrodes separated by a TiO2 bi‐layer memristive material. By ...applying an electric field across the memristive material, oxygen vacancies can drift up and down, leading to four current‐transport end‐states. The switching between these end‐states results in a family of nanodevices.
The progress of charge manipulation in semiconductor-based nanoscale devices opened up a novel route to realise a flying qubit with a single electron. In the present review, we introduce the concept ...of these electron flying qubits, discuss their most promising realisations and show how numerical simulations are applicable to accelerate experimental development cycles. Addressing the technological challenges of flying qubits that are currently faced by academia and quantum enterprises, we underline the relevance of interdisciplinary cooperation to move emerging quantum industry forward. The review consists of two main sections:
Pathways towards the electron flying qubit:
We address three routes of single-electron transport in GaAs-based devices focusing on surface acoustic waves, hot-electron emission from quantum dot pumps and Levitons. For each approach, we discuss latest experimental results and point out how numerical simulations facilitate engineering the electron flying qubit.
Numerical modelling of quantum devices:
We review the full stack of numerical simulations needed for fabrication of the flying qubits. Choosing appropriate models, examples of basic quantum mechanical simulations are explained in detail. We discuss applications of open-source (KWANT) and the commercial (nextnano) platforms for modelling the flying qubits. The discussion points out the large relevance of software tools to design quantum devices tailored for efficient operation.
Perovskite‐Compatible Transparent Nanostencil Lithography
In article number 2300570, Hsien‐Yi Hsu, Bin Han, and co‐workers develop a focused ion beam‐assisted transparent stencil lithography for the ...fabrication of organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskite nanodevices. The lithography provides resolution down to 100 nm, along with high reusability. This technique can effectively support the miniaturization and integration of organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskite‐based electronic devices.
Although much effort has been put in the studies of weak in vivo microscale movements due to its importance, the real‐time, long‐time, and accurate monitoring is still a great challenge because of ...the complexity of the in vivo environment. Here, a new type of mechanically asymmetrical triboelectric nanogenerator with ultrashort working distance and high anti‐interference ability is developed to accurately and real‐timely monitor the microscopically weak movement of intestinal motility at low frequencies even around 0.3 Hz. The intestinal status after the glucose absorption, and physiological states in different times also have been monitored successfully in the complex in vivo environment with many kinds of interference and noises. This work gives a new self‐powered, long‐time and in vivo technical way for the real‐timely gastrointestinal motility monitoring, and contributes to the detection of every kind of gentle movements in various complex bio‐systems.
A new kind of mechanically asymmetrical triboelectric nanogenerator with ultrashort working distance is developed to effectively detect the microscopic movement of intestinal motility in a self‐powered way and successfully monitor the intestinal status in the complex in vivo environment.
Magnetoelectric (ME) materials have emerged as promising candidates for a wide range of biomedical applications due to their unique ability to couple and manipulate both magnetic and electric ...signals. This comprehensive review provides an overview of the recent advancements and potential applications of MEs materials in various areas of biomedicine. Inspired by Mary Shelley's "Frankenstein," the introduction (Section 1) highlights the ethical considerations of scientific exploration while showcasing the potential benefits of ME materials in the background of human well-being and longevity. Then, the context, key materials and fundamental concepts are addressed, with a special focus on piezoelectric biological tissues that can be sensorized/actuated through ME materials (Section 2). Applications related to energy supply to the body (Section 3), sensing the body (Section 4), and other biomedical applications (Section 5) such as tissue engineering, cancer therapy, drug delivery, and antimicrobial are presented, discussed, and technologically outlined in the following sections of the work. In the end, a subjective joint opinion is given about the advantages, limitations, opportunities, and future research directions in this 130-year-old research field. Can MEs come out as the technological bridge between materials engineering, energy, and human life?
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•This review traces discusses the use of ME materials on biomedicine.•Section 1 addresses the ethical issues in scientific exploration and highlights the benefits of ME energy in biomedicine..•Section 2 provides a comprehensive discussion of the context, key materials, and fundamental concepts.•Sections 3–5 discuss ME-based sensing, energy transfer, tissue engineering, cancer therapy, drug delivery, and antimicrobial.•Section 6 provides a join opinion on the advantages, limitations, opportunities, and future research directions in the area.
Nanoelectronic devices are being extensively developed in these years with a large variety of potential applications. In this article, some recent developments in nanoelectronic devices, including ...their principles, structures and potential applications are reviewed. As nanodevices work in nanometer dimensions, they consume much less power and function much faster than conventional microelectronic devices. Nanoelectronic devices can operate in different principles so that they can be further grouped into field emission devices,molecular devices, quantum devices, etc. Nanodevices can function as sensors, diodes, transistors, photovoltaic and light emitting devices, etc. Recent advances in both theoretical simulation and fabrication technologies expedite the development process from device design to prototype demonstration. Practical applications with a great market value from nanoelectronic devices are expected in near future.
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•Introduction covers criteria of nanomanufacturing and concepts of block copolymers in thin film and solution state.•Next, state-of-the-art in block copolymer thin film and solution ...processing is described.•Overview of key contribution of block copolymers in energy, environmental, photonic, and biological applications.•Outlook for impact and influence of block copolymers in nanomanufacturing including areas such as catalysis, membranes, metasurfaces and drug delivery nanodevices.
Self-assembly approaches, e.g. colloidal, emulsion and polymer phase separation, provide scientists with an exotic yet direct platform to access technologically desired nanostructures at competitive costs. In particular, soft nanomaterial systems such as block copolymer (BCP) materials present a powerful means to tailor templates and spatially controlled systems that are amenable to large scale manufacturing practices. BCP nanoarchitectures in bulk, solution and thin film form can act as structural motifs to template foreign materials and pave the way towards important applications across industry and society. While extensive literature and research efforts exist on electronic device uses using BCPs, we look at nascent applications outside the integrated circuit realm. Recent reports are discussed including for example; light-harvesting (energy – section 2), metasurfaces (photonics – section 3), nanofiltration membranes (environmental – section 4) and antibacterial activity (biological – section 5). We endeavour to illustrate the window of opportunity presented through BCP self-assembly for nanomanufacturing. We believe the highlights discussed will aid in directing new research initiatives and facilitate the large-scale integration of BCP materials with broad societal impact.
With the continuous advancement of nanotechnology, nanodevices have become crucial components in computing, sensing, and energy conversion applications. The structures of nanodevices typically ...possess subwavelength dimensions and separations, which pose significant challenges for understanding energy transport phenomena in nanodevices. Here, on the basis of a judiciously designed thermal photonic nanodevice, we report the first measurement of near-field energy transport between two coplanar subwavelength structures over temperature bias up to ∼190 K. Our experimental results demonstrate a 20-fold enhancement in energy transfer beyond blackbody radiation. In contrast with the well-established near-field interactions between two semi-infinite bodies, the subwavelength confinements in nanodevices lead to increased polariton scattering and reduction of supporting photonic modes and, therefore, a lower energy flow at a given separation. Our work unveils exciting opportunities for the rational design of nanodevices, particularly for coplanar near-field energy transport, with important implications for the development of efficient nanodevices for energy harvesting and thermal management.
Nonvolatile redox transistors (NVRTs) based upon Li‐ion battery materials are demonstrated as memory elements for neuromorphic computer architectures with multi‐level analog states, “write” ...linearity, low‐voltage switching, and low power dissipation. Simulations of backpropagation using the device properties reach ideal classification accuracy. Physics‐based simulations predict energy costs per “write” operation of <10 aJ when scaled to 200 nm × 200 nm.
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