The currently available psychoprophylactic programs for the rehabilitation and resocialization of drug addicts are largely based on pedagogical measures of persuasion or coercion. However, the ...individual psychological determinants of addiction, which should be taken into account when organizing psychotherapeutic corrective measures, are often ignored. The aim of the study is to analyze the psychological factors that determine the propensity of individuals to addictive behavior against the background of social and psychological maladaptation. The empirical basis of the study consisted of 144 people between the ages of 20 and 40, anamnesis of who included drug dependence and social maladaptation. The experimental study included the results of interviews, observations, and the collection of formalized data using four multifactorial psychodiagnostic methods. The empirical study proved that the psychoprophylactic program of the correction of addictive behavior should include specific influences aimed at the development of neuro-psychic stability (the reduction of tension, emotional instability, uncontrolled behavioral emotional reactions); at the harmonization of the system of attitudes towards oneself (the reduction of the tendency to unproductive self-blame, intrapersonal conflict, and escapism); at the formation of productive strategies for social interaction (the reduction of rigidity and prevention of delinquent behavior). The psychoprophylactic program should direct the purposeful influence of exercises and training sessions to the reduction of the basic characteristics of the individual-psychological qualities defined in the study. Under these circumstances, the targeted impact will reduce the negative attitudes of addictive and socially maladaptive behavior.
In the article an attempt is made to reconstruct alcoholic and drug abdiction lines of flight relying on Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari’s reflections and some Lithuanian writers’ insights by ...asking the question what are the peculiarities of this line looking from the perspective of everyday economy. The author notices that Deleuze connects the everyday regime of an alcoholic style of life with the concepts of limit and threshold, the paradigm of disenchántedness and becoming imperceptible. On the other side, he discerns alcoholism as a social style of life preferred by creative personalities, relying on the mode of life examples of some American creators, John Ford (1894–1973), Jack London (1876–1916), and Francis Scott Fitzgerald (1896–1940). Thirdly, the author in this article notices that by connecting the drug users line of flight with the molecular becoming and taking the examples of Henri Michaux (1899–1984) and Antonin Artaud (1896–1948) experiences Deleuze and Guattari discover the paradoxical sticking of this line of flight to the spiral moving not upwards but downwards. In the article the rhetorical question is asked: is it possible that Deleuze and Guattari wax lyrical these destructive modes of life as creative lines of flight? Nevertheless, the final conclusion is that after making the attempt to discover the inner framework of such possible styles of life, Deleuze and Guattari come to the conclusion that the best intoxication is abstinence, and the topmost level of intoxication is reached by pure water.
<p class="x---" xml:lang="en-US">The article examines spread and use of drugs in Russia in its relation to political and social factors, as well as the evolution of scientific approaches to a problem ...of drug abuse among young people across the historical development of society. The response of the state to the spread of youth drug addiction and its efforts to find some solution to the problem are analyzed. The author draws a connection between the drug situation and the social and economical conditions in Russian society.
<p class="x---" xml:lang="en-US"> Purpose. To undertake a retrospective analysis of approaches to a problem of youth narcotics abuse through the scope of historical transformations in Russia since the end of the 19th century to nowadays.
<p class="x---" xml:lang="en-US"> Methodology. Method of theoretical analysis of scientific literature, periodicals, legal acts as well as general scientific methods such as classification, generalization and comparison were used. The use of historical method allowed the author to demonstrate the development of scientific attitudes towards a problem of youth drug abuse and the importance of its study.
<p class="x---" xml:lang="en-US"> Results. There were marked basic stages of development of Russian drug policy and two outbreaks of youth drug epidemic. Research in this field carried out by Russian scientists had a great impact on the shaping of a national drug strategy focusing on young people as a prio-rity group.
All of the negative social phenomena that are related to abuse of narcotic drugs by the drug addicts and drug mafia, and all the more the illegal producing and distribution toward school children and ...youth are becoming the constant follow of society and one of the factors of slowing down the social-economic development of countries (especially those in transitional period). In order to better oppose all shapes that are putting safety at risk, socio-medical illnesses and terrorism on drugs, our society needs to organize all of the subjects in order to implement measures for their timely and legally stopping. That’s why it is needed to explain this phenomena of abusing narcotic substances and psycho-active substances or PAS to young people in theory and in practice from a different aspects. Based on the received answers and their conclusions we can choose suitable measures, means and actions as an adequate social reaction on negative phenomenon related to drug abuse and psycho-active substances
The coronial files of all 176 heroin-related fatalities that occurred in the South Western Sydney region over the period 1992-96 were inspected. Heroin-related fatalities rose from 20 in 1992 to 54 ...in 1996. The mean age of cases was 29.9 years, 89% were male and 92% were classified as dependent on heroin at the time of death. There was a significant increase over the study period in the proportion of fatalities that occurred in public settings. No intervention occurred in 71% of cases. Morphine concentrations rose over the study period from 0.16 mg/l in 1992 to 0.37 mg/l in 1996. The majority of cases involved heroin in combination with other drugs: alcohol (40%), benzodiazepines (30%) and antidepressants (9%). In only a third of cases was morphine the sole drug detected. \Darke S, Ross J. Heroin-related deaths in South Western Sydney, Australia, 1992-96. Drug Alcohol Rev 1999;18:39-45
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