Iconographic symbols are crucial in constructing national identities, and public policies have a role in selecting these symbols. This study examines the relationship between national identity, ...conservation, and iconography in Uruguay from a postcolonial perspective. The study focuses on the representation of fauna in the official iconography, analyzing 387 elements from postage stamps, institutional telephone cards, and national currency produced between 1895 and 2021. The work revealed the connection between shaping Uruguay's national identity, the representation of fauna, and the development of conservation policies. Initially, colonial representations emphasized productive animals to reinforce Uruguay's European image. However, as Uruguay sought to establish its unique identity, native animals became more prominent. Conservation policies reflected this trend, promoting the conservation of native species and regulating exotic ones. Among the vertebrates with the greatest presence in the iconography, the most abundant were birds and mammals. Regarding invertebrates, the most abundant were butterflies. On the other hand, large, threatened, and grassland specialist species were also represented among vertebrates (Puma, Capybara, Pampas Deer, Greater Rhea). The grassland is the ecosystem that supported the growth of cattle ranching, a productive system intertwined with the origin of Uruguay as a nation-state. In this sense, the most referenced species not only aims to highlight the greater visibility of wildlife for the country but also gives it a Latin American specificity associated with a dominant type of ecosystem. Our findings have, therefore, implications for understanding the intersection of conservation policies, national identity, and iconography.
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•Between 1895 and the 1950s the iconographic references were from production animals•From the 1960s, native species appeared frequently in the Uruguayan iconography•The animal groups with larger representations were birds, mammals, and butterflies•Most common species were colorful, charismatic, or related to grassland ecosystems
El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el papel que ha representado el fútbol como medio para la construcción, configuración y fortalecimiento de las identidades nacionales en España entre ...1975 y 2017. A nivel metodológico, se revisó la bibliografía y las principales revistas y periódicos españoles, tanto deportivos como de información general de este periodo. Los principales resultados obtenidos nos muestran cómo la prensa ha reescrito las diversas narrativas sobre la identidad nacional española desde los últimos años, convirtiéndose en la herramienta ideal con la que conseguir asociar ciertos estereotipos y mitos con la selección española y los principales clubes de fútbol. Del mismo modo, la relación entre fútbol y medios de comunicación también ha representado un papel clave para la creación y transformación de los discursos identitarios en Cataluña y el País Vasco durante las últimas décadas.
La confusion des identités Descombes, Vincent; Kaufmann, Laurence; Chanial, Philippe
La Revue du MAUSS semestrielle,
01/2022
59
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Cet entretien est l'occasion pour l'auteur d'approfondir et mettre en discussion les apports les plus essentiels de son ouvrage Les Embarras de l'identité, mais aussi de deux autres textes importants ...: Le Complément de sujet et Le parler de soi. Il y montre notamment que si se demander si l'identité existe est une mauvaise question, il y a en revanche un sens à poser la question de l'identité à propos des individus et des groupes : « Qui est-ce ? », « Qui sont-ils ? » Une façon de répondre est de les nommer. Comment, dans un tel cadre, appréhender tant l'identité individuelle que collective, notamment l'identité nationale ? Ces identités sont-elles « construites » ? Peuvent-elles être plurielles ? Peut-on parler d'« assignation identitaire », d'« identité victimaire » ?
Between 1930 and 1946, after fifty years of exalting the Hispanic heritage as the basis of the Colombia’s national identity, the Colombian government expanded the official national imaginary by ...celebrating the mestizo character of its population. In this article, I explore how people of African-descent conceptualized notions of mestizaje that circulated in Colombia during those years. I argue that a group of Afro-Colombian poets, musicians, painters, sculptors and writers redefined the notion of mestizaje proposed by some Liberal intelectualls and politicians. Paying particular attention to the positive characterization of Colombia as a mestizo country, that group of Afro-Colombians concluded that if Colombia was a country characterized by the mixture of indigenous, European and black people, the cultural manifestations of each of these three groups should be incorporated in the definition of Colombian national identity that was under debate between 1930 and 1946.
Scotland became part of the United Kingdom in 1707, when the Act of Union was signed by both the Scottish and English Parliaments. Even though Scots were then largely subordinated to the decisions ...taken by Westminster, they maintained a sense of independence. One of the most important elements of building Scottish national identity is their history, mainly based on ScottishEnglish relations and traditions that have been thought to be "invented" by intellectual elites in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The aim of the article is to present Scottish national identity in comparison to historical conditions, with particular emphasis on Scottish-English relations.
This article reviews and analyzes the national and international legal framework for the safeguarding of Mexico's tangible cultural heritage. As one of the pillars of Mexican identity, the ...authorities should intervene in the conservation of the country's cultural heritage and protect it from illicit trade.
Una pieza clave que mantiene al mestizaje como proyecto racial mexicano, y por ende la identidad nacional, es el racismo anti-negro. En este artículo sugiero que una característica permanente y ...necesaria para el mestizaje es una aversión continua a 'lo Negro'--la Negridad--como idea, y un des-favorecimiento persistente de la población racializada como Negra. Desempaco cómo se relacionan el mestizaje y el racismo anti-negro y explico qué hace el racismo anti-negro y cómo se vincula con las ideas de 'raza', cuerpo y color de piel. Una pregunta central es: ¿cómo es que el racismo anti-negro mantiene estable la narrativa mestiza de no hablar de lo racial, mientras que sostiene la facilidad para notar lo racial a través del color de piel?
This paper explores the everyday practices, forms, and means by which employees mobilize national identity as a tool of resistance in opposing managerial demands of their dual, global/Western and ...local/Japanese, organizational identity. Drawing on an ethnographic study of a Japanese subsidiary of a multinational corporation, we show how employees use national identity to invoke three forms of othering in constructing various resistant identities: individual employees’ resistant identities through verbal othering, expressed in employees’ talk; departmental resistant identities through spatial othering, referring to employees’ use of space; and subsidiary resistant identity through ritual othering, illustrating employees’ collective use of ritual practices and symbolic artifacts. Our study makes three significant theoretical contributions: First, by illustrating the ways and means by which employees take on different national identities to construct diverse and often contradictory resistant identities to their expected dual organizational identity, we highlight the changeable nature of national identity. Second, this study contributes to our understanding of contextual constituents that shape individuals’ identity-related resistance. By unraveling employees’ various resistance forms, we show how resistance dynamically takes on assorted manifestations according to the organizational level in which it occurs and the managerial demands being resisted. Third, we illustrate the constitutive resources of resistance by highlighting the diverse means used by employees to construct their resistant identities.
Theoretical and Practical Troubles with National Identity National identity is one of the basic and most stable forms of collective identity. For many people it is a core value because it fulfills ...three important needs of man: the need to belong (rootedness), the need of axiological orientation and the need of respect due to any member of a respected community such as a nation. Two troubles are connected with national identity in present times. First, a strong sense of national identity can lead to ethno-nationalism, xenophobia and conflicts among nations. On the other hand, we are living in an epoch of globalization and international integration, which – in the opinion of many authors – endangers national identity and in effect may cause its loss and replacement with a cosmopolitan identity. The author undermines such views. He believes that strong national identity does not necessarily cause aggressive nationalism and xenophobia. Moreover, he does not agree with the view that globalization processes and integration tendencies will soon change national identity into cosmopolitan identity.
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