V članku so predstavljene ugotovitve raziskav Slovensko javno mnenje, ki so bile izvedene tik pred začetkom epidemije ter v prvem in drugem valu epidemije. V članku nas zanima vpliv percepcije in ...vrednotenja družbenih neenakosti na protestno participacijo državljanov. Bolj konkretno: zanima nas, kako se te zaznave povezujejo z dejanskim položajem posameznikov in kako součinkovanje obojega prispeva k nezadovoljstvu, ki se kaže kot pripravljenost na proteste. Izhajamo iz teorije relativne deprivacije, ki se kaže kot relevantna za pojasnjevanje pojavljanja protestov v kriznih časih. Rezultati raziskave potrjujejo relevantnost teorije še posebej v času krize oziroma nenapovedanega in nenadnega izbruha zamere, ko običajni pojasnjevalni modeli političnega delovanja ne zadoščajo. Izkaže se, da bistven sprožilec kolektivnega ravnanja pri tem ni absolutna stiska, ampak je lahko protestno ravnanje posledica relativne stopnje deprivacije v posamezni družbeni skupini. Pomembna je diskrepanca med specifičnimi in za posamezno socialno skupino legitimnimi pričakovanji (glede norm, življenjskega standarda in družbenega položaja) ter ocenami o tem, ali se bodo ta pričakovanja uresničila.
Mesta kot ključ do preživetja? EGEDY, Tamás; UZZOLI, Annamária
Urbani izziv,
12/2016, Letnik:
27, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
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Avtorja v članku obravnavata prostorsko razsežnost neenakosti v zdravju na Madžarskem na podlagi povezave med brezposelnostjo in pričakovano življenjsko dobo na državni ravni ter vse do ravni ...mikroregij in naselij, pri čemer je poseben poudarek na mestih. Poudarjata povezavo med brezposelnostjo in povprečno pričakovano življenjsko dobo ob rojstvu na podlagi regionalnih statističnih podatkovnih baz, poleg tega predstavita tudi ugotovitve kvantitativnih vprašalnikov (𝑛 = 545) in kvalitativnih poglobljenih intervjujev (𝑛 = 26). Na tej podlagi obravnavata vpliv gospodarske krize na prebivalstvo večjih madžarskih mest. Povezava med brezposelnostjo in pričakovano življenjsko dobo se v času krize poveča. Izsledki avtorjev kažejo, da sta položaj na trgu dela in raven prihodkov pomembna z vidika zdravja, raven in rast obstoječih družbenih in zdravstvenih neenakosti pa povečata tudi vpliv gospodarske krize na zdravje ljudi. Na Madžarskem neposredni vplivi gospodarske krize na neenakosti v zdravju še povečujejo regionalne razlike. Mesta lahko uravnovesijo neugodne vplive krize na zdravje in uspešno prispevajo k zniževanju neenakosti v zdravju.
Ecological deprivation indices belong to essential instruments for monitoring and understanding health inequalities. Our aim was to develop the SI-EDI, a newly derived European Deprivation Index for ...Slovenia. We intend to provide researchers and policy-makers in our country with a relevant tool for measuring and reducing the socioeconomic inequalities in health, and even at a broader level.
Data from the European survey on Income and Living Conditions and Slovenian national census for the year 2011 were used in the SI-EDI construction. The concept of relative deprivation was used where deprivation refers to unmet need(s), which is caused by lack of all kinds of resources, not only material. The SI-EDI was constructed for 210 Slovenian municipalities. Its geographical distribution was compared to the distribution of two existing deprivation scores previously applied in health inequality research in Slovenia.
There were 36% of adults recognized as deprived in Slovenia in 2011. SI-EDI was calculated using 10 census variables that were associated with individual deprivation. A clear east-to-west gradient was detected with the most deprived municipalities in the eastern part of the country. The two existing deprivation scores correlate significantly with the SI-EDI.
A new deprivation index, the SI-EDI, is grounded on the internationally established scientific concept, can be replicated over time and, crucially, provides an account of the socioeconomic and cultural particularities of the Slovenian population. The SI-EDI could be used by the stakeholders and the governmental and nongovernmental sectors in Slovenia, with the goal of better understanding health inequalities in Slovenia.
Namen prispevka je umestitev poročila Mednarodne komisije za proučevanje komunikacijskih problemov Mnogo glasov, en svet (bolj znano kot MacBridovo poročilo), v zgodovinski, družbeni, ...političnoekonomski in intelektualni kontekst njegovega nastanka. Poročilo velja za eno najpomembnejših intervencij na področju mednarodnega komuniciranja, ki si je za cilj zastavilo zmanjševanje neenakosti v dostopu do komunikacijskih sredstev tako med državami kot znotraj držav. Prispevek izhaja iz predpostavke, da sta kritična misel in poizkus njenega prenosa v praktične rešitve neizogibno pogojena s širšim družbenim kontekstom. To se kaže tako v primeru MacBridovega poročila kot tudi v razvoju politične ekonomije komuniciranja, ki je tvorila temelje za pobudo za novo svetovno informacijsko in komunikacijsko ureditev, katere najpomembnejši dokument je prav MacBridovo poročilo.
The aim of this article is to situate the report of the International Commission for the Study of Communication Problems Many Voices, One World (more commonly known as the MacBride report) within its historic, social, political-economic and intellectual context. The report is regarded as one of the seminal interventions in the field of international communication, and aimed to reduce inequalities in the access to means of communication between countries as well as within them. The article argues that critical thought and its practical application are necessarily conditioned by the wider social context. This is evident in the case of the MacBride report as well as in the development of political economy of communication, which formed the basis of the call for a New World Information and Communication Order and of its most important document, the MacBride report.
The influence of education on differences in depressive symptoms between men and women in Slovenia Background: This paper discusses depressive symptoms among men and women in Slovenia and their ...relationship to various socioeconomic factors, and education in particular. Methods: The analysis is based on the European Social Survey Round 3 (ESS-3) from 2006, for the Slovene population (n = 1,282). Depressive symptoms, as a dependent variable, are measured using an 8-item version of the Centre for Epidemiological Studies - Depression (CES-D 8) scale. Independent variables included in the research model are: gender, age, education, income, marital and employment status and the presence of a child under the age of 12 in the household. Using mean comparisons of depression symptoms and regression analyses, the paper presents gender differences in depression levels and factors that influence it. Results: Education contributes to lower depression levels in both genders; however, its influence is substantially higher among women. Depression symptoms are closely related to education. Lower educated women show a significantly higher score in depression symptoms than lower educated men. However, higher educated women show better mental health than higher educated men. Different sociodemographic factors influence the levels of depression symptoms differently between genders. The impact of housework as an employment status thus significantly influences higher levels of depression only among men. Similar indications for age, widowhood and the absence of partnership. In contrast, the influence of work disability on depression is only significant for women. Conclusion: The influence of socioeconomic and cultural factors on depression symptoms is greater for women than men. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Health inequalities in Slovenia Buzeti, Tatjana; Gobec, Mojca
Zdravstveno varstvo,
1/2012, Letnik:
51, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
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Health inequalities in Slovenia Life expectancy and selected health indicators, which show continual growth and improvement, place Slovenia alongside developed countries both in terms of achievement ...and challenges. We can however note that different socioeconomic groups achieve their health potential to different degrees. Throughout all periods of life, factors such as education, employment, income, social security and social networks affect lifestyle, risk factors, use of health and other services and consequently also morbidity, mortality and life expectancy. The health system and the Ministry of Health can significantly contribute to reducing health inequalities that are the result of access and utilisation of health services, including preventive and other public health programmes. We need to be aware, however that socioeconomic factors are greatly affected by other line ministries and policies outside the health system. Relevant universal policies in education, social welfare, child and family development, active employment, tax legislation and similar are the basis for reducing health inequalities, which - in connection with special support measures for vulnerable target groups - can ensure the desired outcomes. The key to success is a joint action of different sectors and stakeholders at all levels and the understanding of how their investments and decisions affect health. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Social determinants of health: the indicators for measuring the impact of poverty on health Introduction: The link between poverty and health is an important research topic of national and ...international organisations, including the WHO, which has issued several important reports that proved the impact of social determinants on people's health, of which poverty was one of the most important. The aim of this article is to define the indicators of the social determinants of health, which is important for better planning and policy-making. Method: data was gathered through the comparative analysis of different sources of socioeconomic indicators, which are presented schematically, ranked in the structural field and analysed from the perspective of their impact on health. Results: Indicators are divided into ten different fields that present a socioeconomic determinant of health. The fields are: material deprivation (including income and other material items necessary for everyday living), followed by social capital, (un)employment, housing and homelessness, education and profession, living environment, health, crime and safety, accessibility and ethnicity. The table includes 100 indicators that are used in various states for planning and policy-making. The extent and diversity of the indicators shows the complexity of the social determinants of health, which are often overlooked or are insufficiently understood. Conclusion: Poverty is a structural problem with an important impact on health. Because living in poverty is a specific way of life, ways of tackling the problem of poverty are also specific. They have to include relations of power, the accessibility of resources and opportunities to escape from the poverty. Health plays an important role in that but it depends on the capabilities and readiness of the states to ensure this for all people regardless of their social status, material wealth or other circumstances. The list of indicators can contribute to achieving that goal. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Socioeconomic position and some subjective indicators of health in young people in Slovenia Background: Social economic conditions have an important influence on health and health behaviour. In ...Slovenia, there have been no in-depth engagements into researching the differences in the health of children and young people correlated to their socioeconomic conditions. In the article, we intend to research the connection between the socio-economic status and selected indicators of self-evaluated health and health-related behaviour in young people in our country. Methods: The research uses a quantitative methodology, namely the standard international survey questionnaire, in which 5130 11, 13 and 15 year olds were included. Sampling was performed randomly stratified; the sampling unit was a class. For the purposes of the analysis, the chi-square and logistical regression were used. Results: The analysis of the connectedness between socio-economic status and selected indicators of health and health-related behaviour in young people shows that the socio-economic status is significantly connected to all the selected indicators. However, the connectedness is mostly weak. Adolescents from families with a low socio-economic status (in comparison with adolescents from families with a high socio-economic status) more often evaluate their own health worse, are less satisfied with their own life, eat less fruit per day, are less physically active, more often evaluate themselves as overweight, wash their teeth less often and have had fewer injuries in the last twelve month. Conclusions: Measures for preventing health inequalities have to be planned from the political to the individual level. Population programs and measures that would strengthen health and safety factors for the whole population and reduce inequalities are needed, as well as special programs and measures for children and adolescents from poorer families and also their families, who will be given the opportunity for fair and equal access to activities and sources for a healthy life. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
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