Extensive research on the political mobility of Chinese officials at central, provincial, municipal and county levels has yet to fully consider an important group of elites – the leaders of China's ...core central state-owned enterprises (SOEs). This paper presents the first systematic analysis of their political mobility between 2003 and 2012 using an original biographical dataset with 864 leader-year observations. Under the Hu Jintao administration, these leaders emerged as a distinctive group within China's top political elite: increasingly well-educated but lacking experience beyond state-owned industry, with both lengthening leadership tenures and years of previous work in their companies. Instead of a “revolving door” through which these individuals rotate routinely between state-owned business and the Party-state to positions of successively higher rank, a top executive posting was most often a “one-way exit” to retirement. Of those who advanced politically, virtually all were transferred laterally along three career pathways with little overlap: to other core central SOEs; provinces; and the centre. This paper underscores the theoretical importance of disaggregating types of lateral transfer to research on Chinese officials’ political mobility and the cadre management system. 目前关于中国中央、省部级、地市级和县级的官员政治流动的广泛研究尚未充分考虑到中国中央国有企业 (央企) 领导人这一重要政治精英群体。本文运用原创性的、涵盖 864 笔央企领导人和年份的简历数据库, 首次系统性地研究了 2003 年到 2012 年的央企领导人政治流动。研究发现, 在胡锦涛政府期间, 他们成长为中国高层政治精英的独特群体, 主要表现为他们的教育水平在不断提高, 但缺乏国企之外的工作经历, 同时他们的领导任期偏长, 而且长期在同一企业工作。央企高管职位往往是通往退休的单行道, 而非成为国企和政府体制之间例行的晋升旋转门。而那些政治上得到晋升的央企高管, 则几乎都通往其他央企、省级部门和中央部门这三个绝少交叉的职业轨道。本文强调在研究中国官员的政治流动和干部管理制度时, 分解不同类型的横向流动的理论意义。
Do sada su u Glasniku Hrvatskog botaničkog društva objavljena četiri priloga koja popis flore Hrvatske i bazu podataka Flora Croatica (
https://hirc.botanic.hr/fcd/
) dopunjuju s novoopisanim i ...novootkrivenim biljnim svojtama te se provode nomenklaturne preinake već postojećih svojti. Kako bi se taj niz i dalje nastavio, ovaj prilog je peti u nizu te su u bazu podataka Flora Croatica dodane tri nove biljne svojte (
Veronica dalmatica
Padilla-García, Rojas-Andrés, López-González et M.M.Mart.Ort.,
Betula
×
aurata
Borkh. i
Alnus
×
pubescens
Tausch) koje su zabilježene po prvi puta za Hrvatsku. Osim toga, izvršena je jedna nomenklaturna preinka koja se odnosi na vrstu
Veronica orbiculata
A. Kern., a vrsta
Asyneuma pichelrii
(Vis.) Lakušić et Conti je izbačena iz popisa hrvatske flore.
an update of the Flora Croatica Database (
https://hirc.botanic.hr/fcd/
) with new entries of a newly described plant taxa and new discovered taxa in the flora, as well as nomenclatural changes were applied on already existing plant taxa. In order to continue this series, this contribution is the fifth in a series and three new plant taxa (
Veronica dalmatica
Padilla-García, Rojas-Andrés, López-González et M.M.Mart. Ort.,
Betula
×
aurata
Borkh. and
Alnus
×
pubescens
Tausch) have been added to the Flora Croatica Database, which are being recorded for the first time in Croatia. Besides, one nomenclatural change was made that refers to the species
Veronica orbiculata
A. Kern., and the species
Asyneuma pichleri
(Vis.) Lakušić et Conti is excluded from the checklist of the Croatian flora.
Etimološki pristup učenju kemije Raos, Nenad
Kemija u industriji; časopis kemičara i tehnologa Jugoslavije,
2/2018, Letnik:
67, Številka:
1-2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Etimološki pristup učenju kemije je u tome da ne objasnimo samo što ime ili termin znači nego i da ukažemo na njegovo izvorno značenje te objasnimo kako je našao svoj put do kemije. U članku se ...razmatra povijest anorganske kemije kroz povijest imenovanja kemijskih elemenata. Povijest pak organske kemije otkriva, upravo kroz imena spojeva, da se temeljila prije svega na izolaciji čistih tvari iz prirodnih materijala. Etimološki pristup učenju kemije olakšava usvajanje kemijske nomenklature i terminologije te povezuje kemiju s drugim djelatnostima (filologijom, historiografijom, ekonomijom, politikom).
Se realiza una estudio morfológico, corológico, taxonómico y nomenclatural sobre las sect.
Ganymedes (Salisb.) Schultes fil. (1830) del género Narcissus L. centrado en el Alto Valle del Ebro y
zonas ...limítrofes y se relaciona con los taxones de la sección presentes en Portugal. Se proponen algunos
cambios y novedades nomenclaturales
A morphological, chorological, taxonomic and nomenclatural study on the sect. Ganymedes (Salisb.) Schultes fil. (1830) of the genus
Narcissus L. focused on the Upper Ebro Valley and bordering areas is carried out and is related to the taxa
of the section presents in Portugal. Some nomenclatural changes and novelties are proposed
The present volume represents a major step forward in the effort to understand post-communist politics in ways that escape the procrustean bed of theory oriented primarily to the democratization ...research agenda.
Dosad su u Glasniku Hrvatskog botaničkog društva objavljena tri priloga koja popis flore Hrvatske i bazu podataka Flora Croatica (http://hirc.botanic.hr/fcd) dopunjuju s novoopisanim i novootkrivenim ...biljnim svojtama te se provode nomenklaturne preinake već postojećih svojti. Kako bi se taj niz i dalje nastavio, ovaj prilog je četvrti u nizu te je u bazu podataka Flora Croatica dodano sedam novih biljnih svojti (Glaux maritima L., Cystopteris dickieana R. Sim, Teucrium x rohlenae K. Malý, Helianthemum jonium Lacaita & Grosser ex Bég., Ornithogalum sibthorpii Greuter, Carex phyllostachys C. A. Mey. i Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) J.D. Sauer) koje se po prvi puta bilježe za Hrvatsku.
Till now in the Journal of the Croatian Botanical Society three contributions were published that serve as an update of the Flora Croatica Database (http://hirc.botanic.hr/fcd) with new entries of a newly described plant taxa and new discovered taxa in the flora, as well as nomenclatural changes were applied on already existing plant taxa. In order to continue this series, this contribution is the fourth in a series and seven new plant taxa (Glaux maritima L., Cystopteris dickieana R. Sim, Teucrium x rohlenae K. Malý, Helianthemum jonium Lacaita & Grosser ex Bég., Ornithogalum sibthorpii Greuter, Carex phyllostachys C. A. Mey. i Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) J.D. Sauer) have been added to the Flora Croatica Database, which are being recorded for the first time in Croatia.
The practice in Leninist political systems of assigning local leaders concurrent seats on higher-level leadership bodies presents a puzzle. In China, for example, a subset of provincial leaders hold ...seats in the central Politburo, while some city-level leaders hold seats in provincial party standing committees (PPSCs). While some scholars view these concurrent appointments as a form of top-down control or co-optation, others see these arrangements as a reflection of local power and a channel for the assertion of local interests. In this paper, we attempt to adjudicate between these different views empirically by analyzing the patterns and consequences of concurrent appointments of city leaders to China’s PPSCs. We introduce a new typology that distinguishes between the political and economic functions of concurrent appointments to differentiate four possible intergovernmental dynamics of control, co-optation, compromise, and concession. Through analysis of an original dataset on PPSC appointments and case studies of three Chinese cities, we show that concurrent appointments in China’s provinces can function as a means of concession, compromise, or co-optation, but we find little evidence that concurrent appointments allow higher-level authorities to firmly control or economically exploit localities.
From Soviet to Russian Media Managers Gatov, Vasily; Schimpfössl, Elisabeth; Yablokov, Ilya
Russian politics,
03/2017, Letnik:
2, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Smashing initial hopes for more radical and speedier changes in Russia, elements of the Soviet system of managerial and ideological control proved to be obstinately persistent. Certain practices ...reminiscent of the informal functioning of the Soviet nomenklatura continue unabated primarily in politics, but also in Russian media. This article argues that nomenklatura practices are still a fixed part in organization management in Russian media today, securing the loyalty of journalists and controlling the output of the news media. The analysis of 30 semi-structured interviews and three case studies, scrutinizing media managers' professional biographies, directs to a non-intuitive development; namely, that it is not necessarily those who have experienced the Soviet nomenklatura closely and in person who were most active in applying and perpetuating nomenklatura practices, but also those who were either remote from these power structures or too young.
This article focuses on the indifference and annoyance that preceded and followed the UN Food Systems Summit and its preparatory meetings. It argues that, from a European perspective, the Food ...Systems Summit agenda does not entail anything new, whilst its impact will negatively fire back by further increasing dependencies and fragilities in the food system.
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