•Different design approaches are used to dimension the timber-frame panel buildings.•The stiffness of the anchors affects the horizontal stiffness of the building.•TGWE and walls with openings affect ...the distribution of horizontal forces in walls.
Behaviour of the timber-frame panel buildings under the horizontal forces is largely dependent on the type of the chosen design approach. The distribution of the horizontal forces along the timber-framed wall elements is thus influenced by the stiffness of the diaphragm, the stiffness of the wall elements and their connection with one another. However, there is a dilemma whether all the contributions that have an effect on the stiffness of the timber-framed walls are taken into account or not. The factors that influence the stiffness of the wall are the hold-down anchoring, the influence of the walls with openings and the timber-glass wall elements and the influence of the vertical loads. This paper numerically analyses the behaviour of the three-storey timber-frame panel building under the horizontal forces, using different design approaches. The basic approaches are upgraded by including different contributions to the stiffness of the timber-framed walls. Using different design approaches, a comparison of the horizontal force distribution among the walls, vibration periods and horizontal deformations of the building is being made. The results show that the design approach used has a great influence on the distribution of horizontal forces along the walls and the horizontal deformation of the building itself. Taking into account full-height timber-framed walls only, the horizontal deformations of the building could be underestimated.
In this paper the authors discuss a numerical simulation problem of three-dimensional compressible contamination treatment from nuclear waste. The mathematical model, a nonlinear convection-diffusion ...system of four PDEs, determines four major physical unknowns: the pressure, the concentrations of brine and radionuclide, and the temperature. The pressure is solved by a conservative mixed finite volume element method, and the computational accuracy is improved for Darcy velocity. Other unknowns are computed by a composite scheme of upwind approximation and mixed finite volume element. Numerical dispersion and nonphysical oscillation are eliminated, and the convection-dominated diffusion problems are solved well with high order computational accuracy. The mixed finite volume element is conservative locally, and get the objective functions and their adjoint vector functions simultaneously. The conservation nature is an important character in numerical simulation of underground fluid. Fractional step difference is introduced to solve the concentrations of radionuclide factors, and the computational work is shortened significantly by decomposing a three-dimensional problem into three successive one-dimensional problems. By the theory and technique of a priori estimates of differential equations, we derive an optimal order estimates in
L
2
norm. Finally, numerical examples show the effectiveness and practicability for some actual problems.
The parallel-serial robot motion mechanism,compared to the single parallel mechanism,the working space can be largely increased and so as its deflexion capacity,there for,its application foreground ...is broad. A positional forward analysis solution of 2（3-RPS） parallel-serial robot motion mechanism is presented. Firstly,the position coordinates of spherical joints on the upper platform of 3-RPS parallel mechanism are derived based on its structural characteristics,and then,a set of equations are listed according to the fixed side value of motion platform of each parallel mechanism,using iterative transformation method,a 16 order equation with one unknown variable is gained. All its positional forward solutions can be precisely derived after the structure parameters of the parallel-serial mechanism are determined. At last,the numerical example is presented,and 32 positional forward solutions are gained at the specific structure parameters.
In this article, we study the optimal dividend problem for insurance company. The asset of the company is driven by a diffusion process and the dividend barrier follows a Markov process. Using the ...stochastic optimal control theory, the explicit expressions for the discounted expectation of the aggregate dividends is derived. Finally, numerical example is given to illustrate our results.
This paper addresses a competitive airline hub-and-spoke network design problem in a duopolistic market with sequential airline entry. Two airlines, a leader and a follower, enter the market ...sequentially to make decisions about their own flight networks. Each must consider their opponent's reactions and respond to each other's decisions in making their own, leading to interactive competition between them. A bi-level model is proposed to formulate the behaviors and decisions of the two airlines. In addition, an interactive solution procedure based on a genetic algorithm (GA) is developed to repeatedly solve the upper and lower level models. Finally, we generate a numerical example based on the regional air market in Taiwan and China. The results provide useful insights and highlight the importance of considering interactive competition for airlines when designing their flight networks.
•It is useful for solving oil reservoir numerical simulation on three-dimensional irregular geometric region. Since the compressibility is considered, so enhanced oil numerical computation (Black ...Oil-ASP model) can be solved well.•Since the method of mixed finite element is adopted, so the computational accuracy of Darcy velocity is improved one order. The whole computational accuracy can be obtained, and this feature is important in numerical simulation of oil reservoir.•The present scheme can compute numerical solutions easily in parallel and has high-order accuracy by using modern parallel machine.
A parallel algorithm, structured by domain decomposition and characteristic mixed finite element, is presented for solving three-dimensional displacement problem of compressible seepage flow. Decomposing the computational domain into several subdomains, we define a characteristic function to approximate the value on interior boundary at previous time level and obtain numerical solutions implicitly in subdomains in parallel. The flow equation is treated by the method of mixed finite element and the saturation equation is approximated by the method of characteristic finite element. For a model problem we apply variation form, domain decomposition, the method of characteristics, the principle of energy, negative norm estimates, induction hypothesis, the theory and technique of priori estimates of differential equations to derive optimal error estimate in l2 norm. Numerical data are consistent with theoretical analysis and show that this method is effective in solving actual applications. Then it can solve the well-known problem.
In this paper, we deal with a nonlinear inverse problem for recovering a time-dependent potential term in a time fractional diffusion equation from an additional measurement in the form of integral ...over the space domain. By using the fixed point theorem, the existence, uniqueness, regularity and stability of the direct problem are proved. The uniqueness of the inverse problem is proved by the property of Caputo fractional derivative. Numerically, we employ the Levenberg-Marquardt method to find the approximate potential function. Some different type examples are presented to show the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed method.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The study deals with the advancement of accelerated life testing in the field of product warranty. The expected total cost and expected cost rate for age replacement is estimated under warranty ...policy using accelerated life testing (ALT) plans. Under constant stress, the lifetimes of the units are assumed to follow generalised exponential distribution. The estimation process is carried through maximum likelihood estimation method. Also, the Age Replacement Policy under Pro-rate Rebate Warranty is discussed. Finally, an application example is presented to illustrate the theoretical results.
The fractional reaction–subdiffusion equation is one of the most famous subdiffusion equations. These equations are widely used in recent years to simulate many physical phenomena. In this paper, we ...consider a new version of such equations, namely the variable order linear and nonlinear reaction–subdiffusion equation. A numerical study is introduced using the weighted average methods for the variable order linear and nonlinear reaction–subdiffusion equations. A stability analysis of the proposed method is given by a recently proposed procedure similar to the standard John von Neumann stability analysis. The paper is ended with the results of numerical examples that support the theoretical analysis.
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