Exposure occurs via inhalation of asbestos fibers and typically occurs in the occupational setting, with patients often having an occupational history of working in shipbuilding, ...renovation/demolition of buildings, and working with insulation. Surprisingly, the patient's father had no sequelae from asbestos exposure, but her mother died from mesothelioma.
Background: Health workers are exposed to many occupational hazards because of the kind of environment they work in. Occupational health and safety is an important issue because of the high rates of ...associated morbidity and mortality of exposed workers ( Ajayi AD, Garba SN, Abdul AJ, Mfuh 2006). The purpose of this study is to determine factors contributing to occupational hazards among health workers in Mbale Regional Referral Hospital. Methodology: The study uses a descriptive cross-sectional study design to yield results from the study in a relatively short period. This design is preferred because it involves the use of varied methodologies and data sources that will help to ensure more accuracy and stronger research outcomes by triangulating data from different methods. Results: According to individual factors, 46% noted that it was due to multi-tasking. Health facility-related factors leading to occupational hazards, the highest number 45% said that they did not always use protective gear. By environmental factors, the highest number 45% noted that it was due to pressure at work, and the pressure was caused by many patients at the facility. Conclusion: Multi-tasking, inadequate training, and pressure at work can lead to occupational hazards among health workers. Recommendations: Provision of adequate medical supplies to the hospital and provision of continuing medical education is key to reducing occupational hazards.
Fault-tolerant control aims at a graceful degradation of the behaviour of automated systems in case of faults. It satisfies the industrial demand for enhanced availability and safety, in contrast to ...traditional reactions to faults that bring about sudden shutdowns and loss of availability. The book presents effective model-based analysis and design methods for fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control. Architectural and structural models are used to analyse the propagation of the fault throught the process, to test the fault detectability and to find the redundancies in the process that can be used to ensure fault tolerance. Design methods for diagnostic systems and fault-tolerant controllers are presented for processes that are described by analytical models, by discrete-event models or that can be dealt with as quantised systems. Five case studies on pilot processes show the applicability of the presented methods. The theoretical results are illustrated by two running examples used throughout the book. The second edition includes new material about reconfigurable control, diagnosis of nonlinear systems, and remote diagnosis. The application examples are extended by a steering-by-wire system and the air path of a diesel engine, both of which include experimental results. The bibliographical notes at the end of all chapters have been up-dated. The chapters end with exercises to be used in lectures.
Occupationally Exposed: It Is Time to Protect Ourselves Fiorilli, Paul N.; Goldsweig, Andrew M.
Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions,
May-June 2023, 2023-05-00, Letnik:
2, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Construction sites are hazardous with various potential hazards that can occur at any time. The combination of different factors always causes the construction fatalities, and the majority of these ...fatalities could be prevented if workers followed on-site regulatory rules. However, compliance of regulatory rules is not strictly enforced among workers due to all kinds of reasons. Although previously proposed vision-based approaches are available for occupational hazards identification, the practicality is limited by the lack of automated understanding and adaptability to regulatory rules changes. In response to these gaps, this paper proposes a novel graph-based framework that integrates linguistic and visual information to process regulatory rule sentences and images for on-site occupational hazards identification. Particularly, a regulatory rules processing approach is presented to automatically extract and represent the key linguistic information of regulatory rules and a vision-based image scene information understanding approach is introduced to process on-site images by the combination of deep learning-based object detection and individual detection using geometric relationships analysis. Additionally, an automated reasoning approach is proposed to provide the integration of the processed linguistic and visual information and perform hazards identification. The hazards of two scenes, i.e., “working on height” and “operating a grinder”, were successfully identified with significantly higher performance compared to the baseline model.
•A novel graph-based framework that integrates linguistic and visual information for on-site hazards identification.•A semantic analysis approach based on NLP and ontology is proposed for automated regulatory rule processing.•A scene understanding approach based on object and individual detection is proposed for visual information extraction.•An automated reasoning approach is presented for hazards identification based on graph structure analysis.•The proposed model achieves better performance compared to the baseline model on hazards identification of two scenes.
Introduction: This study was conducted to evaluate the adoption of yoga techniques as an alternative therapy in the management of physical and psychological occupational hazards among physical ...therapists.
Materials and Methods: A validated closed-ended questionnaire was used to assess education and experience level, personal health and occupational hazards/habits, and treatment strategies used for the physical and psychological occupational hazards for participants in their current position. By e-mail, we invited 500 randomly selected physical therapists to participate.
Results: We received completed questionnaires from 119 physical therapists. Musculoskeletal pain with stress was the most common occupational hazard reported, followed by only stress, and only musculoskeletal pain. Regarding the pain, the lumbar spine, cervical spine, thoracic spine, shoulder, and knee were the most affected parts of the body. Regarding pain and stress, only a third physical therapists adopted yoga as an alternative treatment for these occupational hazards; physical therapists tended to engage in other forms of exercise, listen to music or utilize massage to treat pain and stress. Lack of time and lack of training were the most common reasons cited by physical therapists for not practicing yoga. Interestingly, 85.7% of physical therapists would recommend yoga as a treatment for their patients.
Conclusion: While musculoskeletal pain and stress were extremely common occupational hazards among physical therapists, only about a third of physical therapists adopted yoga as an alternative treatment for these occupational hazards.
À partir d’une enquête ethnographique menée en centres de formation des apprentis, cet article entend interroger le rapport à la formation, au travail, et aux expositions professionnelles tel qu’il ...est appréhendé par des apprenti·es en filière Beauté (esthétique et coiffure) et maintenance Automobile (mécanique et carrosserie). Le rapport à la pénibilité, traversé par des processus genrés, se construit lentement, au fil d’une socialisation tout à la fois familiale, scolaire et professionnelle. Cet article vise à étayer la synergie construite progressivement qui aboutit à une normalisation de la pénibilité, couplée à une invisibilisation persistante du risque chimique en apprentissage.
With one billion people on the move or having moved in 2018, migration is a global reality, which has also become a political lightning rod. Although estimates indicate that the majority of global ...migration occurs within low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), the most prominent dialogue focuses almost exclusively on migration from LMICs to high-income countries (HICs). Nowadays, populist discourse demonises the very same individuals who uphold economies, bolster social services, and contribute to health services in both origin and destination locations. Those in positions of political and economic power continue to restrict or publicly condemn migration to promote their own interests. Meanwhile nationalist movements assert so-called cultural sovereignty by delineating an us versus them rhetoric, creating a moral emergency.
In response to these issues, the UCL-
Lancet
Commission on Migration and Health was convened to articulate evidence-based approaches to inform public discourse and policy. The Commission undertook analyses and consulted widely, with diverse international evidence and expertise spanning sociology, politics, public health science, law, humanitarianism, and anthropology. The result of this work is a report that aims to be a call to action for civil society, health leaders, academics, and policy makers to maximise the benefits and reduce the costs of migration on health locally and globally. The outputs of our work relate to five overarching goals that we thread throughout the report.
First, we provide the latest evidence on migration and health outcomes. This evidence challenges common myths and highlights the diversity, dynamics, and benefits of modern migration and how it relates to population and individual health. Migrants generally contribute more to the wealth of host societies than they cost. Our Article shows that international migrants in HICs have, on average, lower mortality than the host country population. However, increased morbidity was found for some conditions and among certain subgroups of migrants, (eg, increased rates of mental illness in victims of trafficking and people fleeing conflict) and in populations left behind in the location of origin. Currently, in 2018, the full range of migrants’ health needs are difficult to assess because of poor quality data. We know very little, for example, about the health of undocumented migrants, people with disabilities, or lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, or intersex (LGBTI) individuals who migrate or who are unable to move.
Second, we examine multisector determinants of health and consider the implication of the current sector-siloed approaches. The health of people who migrate depends greatly on structural and political factors that determine the impetus for migration, the conditions of their journey, and their destination. Discrimination, gender inequalities, and exclusion from health and social services repeatedly emerge as negative health influences for migrants that require cross-sector responses.
Third, we critically review key challenges to healthy migration. Population mobility provides economic, social, and cultural dividends for those who migrate and their host communities. Furthermore, the right to the highest attainable standard of health, regardless of location or migration status, is enshrined in numerous human rights instruments. However, national sovereignty concerns overshadow these benefits and legal norms. Attention to migration focuses largely on security concerns. When there is conjoining of the words health and migration, it is either focused on small subsets of society and policy, or negatively construed. International agreements, such as the UN Global Compact for Migration and the UN Global Compact on Refugees, represent an opportunity to ensure that international solidarity, unity of intent, and our shared humanity triumphs over nationalist and exclusionary policies, leading to concrete actions to protect the health of migrants.
Fourth, we examine equity in access to health and health services and offer evidence-based solutions to improve the health of migrants. Migrants should be explicitly included in universal health coverage commitments. Ultimately, the cost of failing to be health-inclusive could be more expensive to national economies, health security, and global health than the modest investments required.
Finally, we look ahead to outline how our evidence can contribute to synergistic and equitable health, social, and economic policies, and feasible strategies to inform and inspire action by migrants, policy makers, and civil society. We conclude that migration should be treated as a central feature of 21st century health and development. Commitments to the health of migrating populations should be considered across all Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and in the implementation of the Global Compact for Migration and Global Compact on Refugees. This Commission offers recommendations that view population mobility as an asset to global health by showing the meaning and reality of good health for all. We present four key messages that provide a focus for future action.
An increase in the number of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) occurs with a change in the modern lifestyle and is referred to as the “westernization” of lifestyle and nutrition. The type of work ...and occupational hazards; Medications intake (antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hormonal contraceptives); Markers of the “hygiene hypothesis” (presence of pets in childhood, attendance at kindergarten, breastfeeding in childhood, the number of children in the family); Psychological stress; Nutritional factors. In the model “Nutrition factors”, the significant variables were “Regular consumption of spicy food” (coefficient 0.183085; variable 0.0069), “Excessive consumption of sugar with tea and coffee” (coefficient 0.048343; variable 0,0022), “Insufficient consumption of vegetables daily” (coefficient -0.006935; variable 0.0001) and “Poor milk tolerance” (coefficient 0.825844; variable 0.0013).
For nearly two years, the world has been facing a common crisis as Covid-19. In the meantime, governments have suffered a wide variety of damages and costs, and damage to human capital and the loss ...of health professionals is one of the irreparable costs of health systems in all governments. During this crisis, health care systems and specialists were exposed to special occupational hazards over specific periods of time, and the exposure of the medical staff to these hazards in hospitals led to a number of opportunistic incidents. Investigation of opportunistic incidents can help identify the sources of occupational hazards of medical staff and lead to proper management of risks associated with these accidents. This article aims to draw researchers' attention to opportunistic incidents during the Covid 19 pandemic as a global crisis in hospitals.
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