Hurricanes Katrina, Rita, Gustav, and Ike deposited large quantities of sediment on coastal wetlands after making landfall in the northern Gulf of Mexico. We sampled sediments deposited on the ...wetland surface throughout the entire Louisiana and Texas depositional surfaces of Hurricanes Katrina, Rita, Gustav, and the Louisiana portion of Hurricane Ike. We used spatial interpolation to model the total amount and spatial distribution of inorganic sediment deposition from each storm. The sediment deposition on coastal wetlands was an estimated 68, 48, and 21 million metric tons from Hurricanes Katrina, Rita, and Gustav, respectively. The spatial distribution decreased in a similar manner with distance from the coast for all hurricanes, but the relationship with distance from the storm track was more variable between events. The southeast-facing Breton Sound estuary had significant storm-derived sediment deposition west of the storm track, whereas sediment deposition along the south-facing coastline occurred primarily east of the storm track. Sediment organic content, bulk density, and grain size also decreased significantly with distance from the coast, but were also more variable with respect to distance from the track. On average, eighty percent of the mineral deposition occurred within 20 km from the coast, and 58% was within 50 km of the track. These results highlight an important link between tropical cyclone events and coastal wetland sedimentation, and are useful in identifying a more complete sediment budget for coastal wetland soils.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
RESUMENLa Tierra de Lemos es una comarca gallega del sur de la provincia de Lugo, heredera en lo sustantivo de un territorium y una terra medievales, a su vez continuadoras del solar protohistórico ...de los Lemaui. La continuidad en sus realidades permite el estudio de la evolución espiritual de sus células básicas de poblamiento: las parroquias. Las advocaciones, invariables en muchos casos, modificadas en otros, son así sillares en el edificio histórico del territorio. En este artículo estudiamos la evolución del listado de devociones titulares de las feligresías de Lemos a través de la documentación medieval, y la información que la estabilidad y los cambios nos pueden ofrecer. Palabras clave: parroquia, advocacionesTopónimos: Lemos, Lugo, GaliciaPeríodo: siglo vi, siglo xv ABSTRACTThe county of Lemos is a district located in the south of the province of Lugo. Its origins go back to protohistory when it was occupied by the Lemavi tribe, and it subsequently became a territorium and a terra in the Middle Ages. The county’s history is marked by continuity, which allows us to study the spiritual evolution of its parishes. The saints chosen by the community as its protectors are historic testimonials of the time. In this paper, we study the list of church parish devotions in Lemos through medieval documentation. Our objective is to improve our knowledge about this medieval county by studying both the stability and changes in its parish saints. Keywords: parish, advocationPlace names: Lemos, Lugo, GaliciaPeriod: 6th century, 15th century REFERENCIASAndrade Cernadas, J. 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(coorda.), La pervivencia del concepto: Nuevas reflexiones sobre la ordenación social del espacio en la Edad Media, Zaragoza, Universidad de Zaragoza, 2008.— “Da protoparroquia ou parroquia antiga altomedieval á parroquia clásica en Galicia”, en García Pazos, F. (ed.), A parroquia en Galicia: pasado, presente e futuro, Santiago de Compostela, Xunta de Galicia, 2009, pp. 57-75. — “El Parrochiale Suevum y su presencia en las cartas pontificias del siglo xii”, en Herbers, K., Engel, F., y López Alsina, F. (eds.), Das begrenzte Papsttum: Spielräume päpstlichen Handelns, Legaten, delegierte Richter, Grenzen, Berlín, De Gruyter, 2013, pp. 105-118. López Sangil, J. L., Vidán Torreira, M., “El Tumbo Viejo de Lugo”, Estudios Mindonienses. Anuario de estudios histórico-teológicos de la Diócesis de Mondoñedo-Ferrol, 27 (2011), pp. 11-373. Lorenzo Vázquez, R., Colección documental do mosteiro de Montederramo, Santiago de Compostela, Consello da Cultura Galega, 2016, 3 vols. 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X., Documentos da catedral de Lugo, século xv, Santiago de Compostela, Consello da Cultura Galega, 2005. — Documentos da catedral de Lugo: século xiv, Santiago de Compostela, Consello da Cultura Galega, 2007, 2 vols. Rodríguez Fernández, C., La colección diplomática de San Vicente del Pino, Tesis doctoral dirigida por J. I. Fernández de Viana y Vieites, Granada, Universidad de Granada, Facultad de Filosofía y letras, 1990. Romaní Martínez, M. (dir.), Colección diplomática do mosteiro Cisterciense de Santa María de Oseira (Ourense), Santiago de Compostela, Tórculo Edicións, 1990-2008, 5 vols.Sáez Sánchez, E., Sáez, C., Colección diplomática del Monasterio de Celanova (842-1230), Alcalá de Henares, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, 1996-2006, 3 vols.Sánchez Pardo, J. C., “Topónimos y advocaciones: la información histórica en los nombres de las parroquias rurales gallegas”, Minius, 20 (2012), pp. 187-226. — “Organización eclesiástica y social en la Galicia tardoantigua. Una perspectiva geográfico-arqueológica del parro
This pilot study compared penalized spline regression (PSR) and random forest (RF) regression using visible and near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (VisNIR DRS) derived spectra of 164 ...petroleum contaminated soils after two different spectral pretreatments first derivative (FD) and standard normal variate (SNV) followed by detrending for rapid quantification of soil petroleum contamination. Additionally, a new analytical approach was proposed for the recovery of the pure spectral and concentration profiles of n-hexane present in the unresolved mixture of petroleum contaminated soils using multivariate curve resolution alternating least squares (MCR-ALS). The PSR model using FD spectra (r2 = 0.87, RMSE = 0.580 log10 mg kg−1, and residual prediction deviation = 2.78) outperformed all other models tested. Quantitative results obtained by MCR-ALS for n-hexane in presence of interferences (r2 = 0.65 and RMSE 0.261 log10 mg kg−1) were comparable to those obtained using FD (PSR) model. Furthermore, MCR ALS was able to recover pure spectra of n-hexane.
•We predicted soil petroleum contamination with VisNIR DRS spectra.•We examined 2 spectral pretreatments and 2 multivariate models.•MCR-ALS was used for compositional and spectral resolution of n-hexane.•Penalized spline regression performed best for quantifying soil TPH.•MCR-ALS was promising for resolution of complex soil–petroleum mixture.
Use of VisNIR DRS for rapid quantification of soil TPH and resolution of complex soil petroleum mixtures.
A thorough survey of parish mortgage records and other manuscript collections led to the conclusion that most credit relationships, collateralized and uncollateralized, were grounded in slave ...property as opposed to land or other forms of wealth. Uncollateralized debt was directly dependent on the relative wealth of parish residents, and the bulk of most portfolios consisted of slaves.   Emancipation and the Civil War occasioned a monumental credit implosion from which the local economy never recovered, at least for the remainder of the 19th century. Kilbourne makes an extensive examination of postwar debt distress and the evolution of sharecropping and tenancy. Even the wealthiest households were in the throes of debt distress as was evidenced by the numerous suits by wives for separations of property.   A peculiar recoding requirement for crop privileges and pledges in the years from 1870 to 1880 made it possible to determine the amount of credit available in the postwar decades. Kilbourne shows that credit facilities contracted by 90 percent in the two decades following the Civil War. The decline in credit facilities parallels the decline in household wealth levels.   Kilbourne disagrees with earlier scholars on the role of furnishing merchants in shaping the postbellum agricultural order. Furnishing merchants did become relatively more important in financing agriculture in the postwar decade, but they were not the successors of antebellum firms. Local merchants actually provided less credit than they had furnished before the Civil War to small cotton farmers who had made up two-thirds of the growers in the parish in 1860.   Slavery made for a unique labor market, and this situation influenced the evolution of the credit system in the region. Emancipation was a revolutionary break with what had gone before. The focus of the credit system shifted from slaves to cotton. Land did form most postbellum planter portfolios, but it did not fill the void left by emancipation, and wealth levels remained substantially below antebellum ones. The credit system became highly localized in the postwar decades, and this fact was instrumental in shaping postbellum planting arrangements.
Background The objectives of the study were; to determine the demographic factors leading increased use of antibiotics, to assess the knowledge of the residents of Moroto parish in Palabek sub-county ...on antibiotic use, and to determine the socio-economic factors that lead increased use of antibiotics among residents of Palabek Gem sub-county. Methodology A descriptive cross-sectional design and a self-administered questionnaire well designed were used on 50 respondents obtained through a random sampling technique. The data obtained were presented through tables, graphs, and pie charts and then analyzed. Results Majority of respondents (54%) were women, and most of the respondents (42%) were between 18-30 years. Poor knowledge of causative agents treatable by Abs and good knowledge of ABR were shown by 82% of respondents. 86% of the respondents were low-income earners. There is generally increased use of Abs with women taking the lead. 58% of respondents do not show respect to doctors’ decision not to prescribe Abs if it is not relevant. The study also revealed that there is easy access to Abs as reported by 68.0% of respondents,78.0% of respondents shared Abs with family members while Leftover Abs were highly used by 78.0% of respondents. Conclusion There is a high use of Abs. There’s easy access to Abs with Clinics and Pharmacies noted as a chief source though leftover antibiotics are also being widely used. The respondents had an average and staggering overall knowledge of Abs use which is not pleasing. Most of the respondents do not value doctors’ decisions not to prescribe Abs. Recommendation The government to put more effort into controlling the use of Abs both among the population and the medical workers altogether. And also studies on the community members to find out their views/ opinions on strategies that help best curb the increased use of antibiotics.
Alluvial river landscapes of the lower Mississippi and Atchafalaya rivers in the south-central USA are flood prone and have shifted historically in position and form, resulting in interventions for ...flood reduction, navigation, and water supply. Fisk mapped these landscapes in the middle of the twentieth century as a series of artistic colourful map plates. Selected areas are revisited with modern data sets (LiDAR from 2003, hydrographic surveys from 2006 and 2007) including two sites along the Mississippi River (near the Old River juncture and near Morganza Floodway) and one in the middle Atchafalaya River. By using 2D and 3D geovisualization, we find that the extent, variety, and dimensions of anthropogenic landforms have grown in prominence since Fisk's mapping. The volumes of the highest positive landforms are quantified to provide some indication of direct and indirect anthropogenic activity in these landscapes.
The article is devoted to the problem of parish reform in the period of revolutionary processes and the beginning of the Civil War in the South of Russia. The author analyses the church-public ...perception of the position, functions and role of the parish in the church, public and political life through the prism of the discussion which took place on the eve and during the All-Russian Local Council of 1917– 1918 and appeared in church periodicals. One can trace the process of the parish revival and the acceptance of the sobor solution to the parish problem by the ecclesiastical community of Southern Russia. Church revival was connected to a revival of the parish on the basis of sobor-canonical principles, with the first Christian community serving as its ideal. The main activity on this path was the formation of parish councils, the activity of which went far beyond the inner boundaries of the parish. Its functions were to be extended to the level of a grass-roots zemstvo, to ensure the legal and economic security of the parishioners, and to influence the surrounding society.
The article analyzes the content of reports of the clergymen who performed the duties of deans in the Perm diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church during 1960–1980s. The biographies of these priests ...are rather well known. Deans were appointed from among the clergy having higher spiritual education, many years of experience in pastoral service, and the necessary experience of administrative work in a diocese or parish. However, the activities of the deans were undeservedly forgotten; those reports were not published, and their content was not subjected to scientific analysis. The author of the article has revealed special significance of the reports stored in the archives of the Perm Diocesan Administration as a documentary source that is a valuable historical evidence of the era experienced by the clergy, of the deans’ parish activities and personal life. The analysis of the reports made it possible to identify the peculiarities of the ministry of the clergymen-deans and a wide range of parish problems that the clergy, church councils and believers faced during the period of Brezhnev’s “stagnation”. The large territory of the diocese and the remoteness of the parishes forced the deans to make long trips around their deanery districts. Due to the shortage of clergy, the deans themselves often replaced the missing parish priests. At the request of the diocesan leadership, the deans had to sort out parish conflicts and complaints against clergy, to monitor the proper management of parishes, and also to provide the bishop with necessary information and propose measures in order to resolve problems. The reports raised mainly the problems of moral decline of the clergy and church employees, as well as poor management of the parishes. The study found that the consequences of the parish administration reform of 1961 and the acute shortage of clergy forced the diocesan authorities to reduce the requirements regarding the official discipline and moral character of the clergymen, who, in turn, were not afraid of strict punishments and violated the church order. In some cases, too active work of the deans caused fair criticism and complaints against them. The characteristics of the church life of the Perm diocese reflected in the deans’ reports are important for understanding the true picture of religious life in the Urals during the Soviet period. In their reports, the deans appear as good shepherds and caring people who show us an example of true Christian love and service to the Church.
What motivates “ordinary people” to support refugees emotionally and financially? This is a timely question considering the number of displaced people in today’s world is at an all-time high. To help ...counter this crisis, it is imperative for the Canadian government to determine which policies encourage volunteers to welcome asylum seekers, and which ones must be reviewed. Ordinary People, Extraordinary Actions relates the story of the St. Joseph’s Parish Refugee Outreach Committee over its thirty years in action, revealing how seemingly small decisions and actions have led to significant changes in policies and in people’s lives—and how they can do so again in the future. By helping readers—young and old, secular and faith-oriented—understand what drives individuals and communities to welcome refugees with open hearts and open arms, the authors hope to inspire people across Canada and beyond its borders to strengthen our collective willingness and ability to offer refuge as a lifesaving protection for those who need it.
This article describes financial and bureaucratic relations between the parish and the diocese in the Russian Empire. Throughout the imperial period, the parish clergy were obliged to send their ...dioceses significant financial contributions and bureaucratic paperwork. Compared to the pre-Petrine epoch, there was a significant expansion of the diocese's powers over the parish during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The author concludes that the system of monetary fees and reporting established during the Synodal era was a consequence of the state's utilitarian attitude towards the Church, which led to the disintegration of the dioceses and parishes and the discrediting of the clerical estate. In the early twentieth century, the system of parish dues was sharply rejected by parishioners, resulting in the "strikes of church elders" during the first Russian Revolution. The crisis was resolved by the "parish revolution" of 1917, when the relationship between the diocese and the parish was spontaneously restructured.
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