The Child–Adolescent Perfectionism Scale Flett, Gordon L.; Hewitt, Paul L.; Besser, Avi ...
Journal of psychoeducational assessment,
10/2016, Letnik:
34, Številka:
7
Journal Article
Recenzirano
There is growing interest in perfectionism among children and adolescents as well as growing interest in the measures designed to assess perfectionism in young people. The current article describes ...the development and psychometric characteristics of the Child–Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (CAPS), a measure that assesses self-oriented perfectionism and socially prescribed perfectionism. The results of three studies involving multiple samples are reported. The psychometric features of this measure are summarized, including extensive data that attest to the reliability and validity of the CAPS subscales. Normative data are also provided in Study 1. The results of Study 2 suggest that the academic behavior of perfectionistic students is motivated by a complex blend of factors that include a strong emphasis on introjected regulation in both self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism; however, there are key motivational differences between these perfectionism dimensions. Finally, Study 3 confirmed that self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism are associated with various indices of stress, distress, and maladjustment. Collectively, our results support the use of the CAPS and the notion that vulnerable children and adolescents who are perfectionistic are under substantial pressure to meet expectations. The assessment and theoretical implications of these results are discussed.
•A new measure for the Self-Assessment of Perfectionism Subtype (SAPS).•A novel way to test subtypes from the 2×2 model of perfectionism.•Scores from the SAPS converged with typical scores of ...perfectionism.•Scores from the SAPS correlated with outcome variables.•Additional support for the four hypotheses of the 2×2 model.
The 2×2 model of perfectionism examines the relation between four subtypes of perfectionism and psychological adjustment (Gaudreau & Thompson, 2010). Researchers have investigated subtypes of perfectionism using common multivariate statistical analyses. The development of a new measure is warranted to evaluate whether individuals can, with a decent degree of certainty, assess by themselves their subtypes of perfectionism. Two studies with samples of university students were conducted to develop and provide initial evidence for the Self-Assessment of Perfectionism Subtypes (SAPS). Our measurement approach tries to simulate the features of mixture modeling by asking participants to assess a self-rated probability of belonging into each subtype of perfectionism. Using a finite-like and continuous scale, our results showed that self-rated probabilities of belonging in subtypes of perfectionism are significantly associated with traditional measures of perfectionism and consequential life outcomes in a way that mostly replicated past research and supported the four hypotheses of the model.
This research expands the extant literature on the nomological network of maximizing by examining its association with two aspects of perfectionism: rigid perfectionism and self-critical ...perfectionism. Whereas both aspects of perfectionism entail maladaptive elements, self-critical perfectionism is considered to be more maladaptive than rigid perfectionism. Prior research has found that maximizing is associated with both adaptive and maladaptive aspects of perfectionism, but more strongly so with maladaptive. The current research revisits this association using a more proper measure of the maximizing construct and a multidimensional measure of perfectionism. Results of two studies (lab and online) with diverse populations (student and community sample) show that maximizing is more strongly associated with rigid perfectionism than with self-critical perfectionism. These findings provide novel insights into the relationship between maximizing and perfectionism and add to the literature on the correlates and the nature of maximizing.
This study aimed to test the 2 × 2 model of dispositional perfectionism in an Ecuadorian sample of 1562 students aged between 12 and 17 years (M = 14.83 years, standard deviation = 1.86 years). The ...Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale and the brief 21-item version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales were used. Cluster analysis revealed four profiles: Pure Self-Oriented Perfectionism, Pure Socially Prescribed Perfectionism, Mixed Perfectionism, and Non-perfectionism. Mixed Perfectionism and Non-perfectionism obtained, respectively, the highest and lowest scores in anxiety, depression, and stress. The results are discussed in light of cultural differences in the interpretation and consequences of perfectionism.
•SPP was positively associated with negative trait attributional style.•SOP was positively associated with positive trait attributional style.•SOP positively predicted the slope of daily negative ...attributions and sadness.•SPP predicted greater proportion of daily negative social interactions.
The primary aim of the study was to examine whether dimensions of perfectionism—socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP) and self-oriented perfectionism (SOP)—were related to causal attributions, and to what extent event-specific attributions about social interactions were related to mood. Experience sampling methodology was used to examine event-specific attributions about negative social interactions and mood in daily life. SPP and SOP had different relationships with trait attributional styles. Although neither SPP nor SOP were related to event-specific attributions, SOP moderated the covariation of negative attributions and sadness: higher scores on SOP were associated with a stronger relation between negative attributions and sadness. Additionally, SPP was positively related to the proportion of negative social interactions.
Is it possible that striving for flawlessness and perfection in their children's performance is detrimental to parents? Could it be so harmful that it exposes parents to the risk of burnout? In order ...to answer these questions, this study adopted a three-dimension model of child-oriented perfectionism (encompassing three dimensions: high standards, order, and discrepancy) and examined the association of these dimensions with parental burnout. The participants were 325 Polish parents (78.8 % mothers) who lived in the same household with at least one child aged 3 to 19 years. The results showed that discrepancy—parents' perception that their children failed to meet their standards and expectations—was a crucial dimension of child-oriented perfectionism that put parents at risk of burnout; however, parents' emotional intelligence mitigated such harmful effects. The study contributes to knowledge about the antecedents of parental burnout and provides insight into possible interventions to counter the risk of striving as parents for perfect children.
•Child-oriented perfectionism (COP) is related to parental burnout (PB).•Discrepancy predicts higher PB.•Emotional intelligence (EI) buffers the effect of discrepancy on PB.
Working from self-determination theory, this study explored the impact of selforiented perfectionism and socially prescribed perfectionism on work engagement, highlighting the roles of work ...meaningfulness and work stress as mediators in this relationship. Data from 278 employees working
in Chinese companies showed that self-oriented perfectionism had a positive direct effect on work engagement, and a positive indirect effect on work engagement via work meaningfulness. Meanwhile, socially prescribed perfectionism had a negative direct effect on work engagement, and a negative
indirect effect on work engagement via work stress. This study reveals the important role of motivation in the relationship between perfectionism and work engagement, and provides new ideas for improving employee work engagement.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, FSPLJ, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Background
Perfectionistic individuals present exaggerated performance standards, generating a constant search for flawlessness and a high tendency to self‐criticize. Dominant models distinguish ...three dimensions of perfectionism: namely, self‐oriented, socially prescribed and other‐oriented. Perfectionism constitutes a vulnerability factor for psychopathological disorders, but its role in severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) remains unexplored.
Methods
Sixty‐five recently detoxified patients with SAUD and 65 matched controls completed a perfectionism questionnaire (the Hewitt Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale), together with measures of psychopathology.
Results
SAUD was associated with greater self‐oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism, with no group differences on other‐oriented perfectionism. This differential pattern persisted when controlling for depression and anxiety levels, and there was no correlation with alcohol consumption.
Conclusion
This specific perfectionistic profile is consistent with those of previous studies showing lower self‐evaluation (e.g., higher self‐blame and reduced self‐esteem) and impaired social cognition (e.g., unrealistic social standards and greater social isolation) in SAUD. In view of its potential role in the development and maintenance of SAUD, perfectionism may constitute a valuable treatment target in patients with this disorder.
Perfectionism is a transdiagnostic vulnerability factor in psychopathology, but it had not been explored in severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD). We measured three perfectionism dimensions (self‐oriented, other‐oriented and socially‐prescribed) among patients with SAUD (N=65) and matched controls. Patients presented increased self‐oriented and socially‐prescribed perfectionism, persisting when controlling for depression/anxiety. This perfectionistic profile echoes previous research showing lower self‐evaluation and impaired social cognition in SAUD. Perfectionism may impact the course and maintenance of SAUD, and constitutes a valuable treatment target.
The transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral model of eating disorders defines clinical perfectionism as unidimensional, despite a large body of literature demonstrating that perfectionism is ...multidimensional. Studies examining the associations between perfectionism dimensions and eating disorders have been mixed. The present study examined self-critical perfectionism (SCP) and personal standards perfectionism (PSP) in relation to two facets of restrictive eating to help clarify these relationships. Participants were 207 female undergraduates (Mage = 19.15, SD = 1.27). SCP and PSP were assessed as latent variables. The Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory was used to assess cognitive restraint (attempts to restrict eating) and behavioral restriction (act of restrictive eating). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the two-factor structure of SCP and PSP. Based on a structural model, SCP, the more maladaptive dimension of perfectionism, was uniquely related to behavioral restriction. In contrast, PSP, the less maladaptive dimension of perfectionism, was uniquely related to cognitive restraint. Based on these findings, there are differential associations between perfectionism dimensions and facets of restrictive eating. Researchers are encouraged to examine perfectionism as multidimensional to best understand these complex relationships.
•Perfectionism dimensions and restrictive eating facets were explored.•Participants were female undergraduates with diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds.•Self-critical perfectionism was uniquely related to behavioral restriction.•Personal standards perfectionism was uniquely related to cognitive restraint.
This meta-analysis examined the relationships between dimensions of perfectionism and social anxiety. A literature search using the databases PsychINFO, Medline, and Embase yielded 40 studies. Our ...findings showed large to very-large-sized associations between social anxiety and dimensions of perfectionism related to perfectionistic concerns, namely socially prescribed perfectionism, doubts about actions, concerns over mistakes, and discrepancy, as well as self-presentational perfectionism. Overall, our findings suggest that when understanding and treating social anxiety, it would be worthwhile considering the individual’s beliefs that others expect perfection, their tendency to doubt their own action, their concern over making mistakes, and beliefs about needing to present themselves perfectly. Explorative moderation analysis suggests that individual differences such as age, sex, and type of social anxiety did not moderate the relationship between perfectionism and social anxiety. Region moderated the association between perfectionistic strivings and social anxiety. Sample setting should be considered when understanding how dimensions of perfectionism relate to social anxiety. Our results shed light on the importance of perfectionism in social anxiety, which may inform the future development of interventions that target perfectionism in social anxiety. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)
