The conditions for the implementation of education programmes at maritime higher education institutions (MHE institutions) are regulated by the Ordinance on Ranks and Seafarers’ Certificates of ...Competence which prescribes the obligation of the MHE institution to ensure conscientious and consistent adaptation to technological and other changes in shipping of all teachers in the maritime profession. Adaptation to technological and other changes in shipping is best achieved by boarding a ship and in the time teachers spend in navigation as a member of the ship’s crew. While employed at an MHE institution, teachers have two options to board a ship and sail with the status of seafarer. The first is to request a free study year, a “sabbatical”, and the second is to terminate employment at the MHE institution, board a ship as a seafarer, and, after disembarking, to re-establish employment at the MHE institution. According to legal sources in the field of labour and social law, there is no possibility to regulate the labour and social rights of teachers, meaning that teachers cannot do longer periods in navigation and enjoy seafarer status while employed at an MHE institution. In order for the MHE institution to comply with the obligation of the Ordinance on Ranks and Seafarers’ Certificates of Competence in the part of the conditions for the implementation of the education programme, it is necessary to regulate periods of navigation of teachers by legal sources in the field of labour and social rights. This is the only way for teachers to have the opportunity to upgrade their knowledge in accordance with the provisions of the same Ordinance. The aim of this paper is to point out the problem of the conditions for the implementation of seafarers’ education and to present the legal regulation that prevents teachers from longer periods of navigating in the status of seafarer while employed at maritime higher education institutions. In addition to presenting the legal framework for the education of seafarers in the Republic of Croatia, this paper presents legal sources in the field of labour and social law, that is, their specific provisions, in particular for teachers, specifically for seafarers. Based on the indicated problem and the presented legal regulation, a suggestion is made to enact a legal directive to enable teachers during their employment at maritime higher education institutions to board and navigate ships.
This book represents the first comprehensive attempt to bring to western scholarship the great advances made in Paleolithic archaeology and palaeoanthropology in the People's Republic of China. The ...15 chapters are devoted to a historical overview of past and recent studies, the development of chronological frameworks, the composition and stratigraphy of vertebrate fauna, the pongid and hominid palaeontological records, and Pleistocene prehistoric archaeology. Maps, illustrations and tables illustrate the materials presented here.
Rad prikazuje pojednostavljenu metodologiju odabira optimalne varijante vodoopskrbnog sustava, koji kao izvor energije koristi solarnu fotonaponsku (FN ili PV) energiju. Analizira se uobičajeni ...hibridni sustav koji se sastoji od solarnog fotonaponskog (FN ili PV) generatora i invertora, crpne stanice i vodospreme. Korištenjem Metode Kritičnog Perioda postiže se sustavna održivost takvog sustava. Pri tome se dobije pet, a po potrebi i više varijanti rješenja. Potrebno je uzeti u obzir činjenicu da je uz troškove, kao jednog od odlučujućih čimbenika, nužno razmotriti i ostale kriterije koji moraju biti zadovoljeni. To su u pravilu ekološki i socijalni kriteriji. Samim time, nameće se primjena višekriterijske metode, koja bi kod odabira i rangiranja dobivenih varijanti uzela u obzir sva tri navedena kriterija. Kao jedna od najprikladnijih višekriterijskih metoda odabrana je metoda PROMETHEE, koja će se primijeniti na primjeru vodoopskrbnog sustava naselja.
Studija je izrađena kako bi se ostvarila tri cilja: (1) usporedba neelastičnih odziva građevina na bliske i udaljene pobude, (2) istraživanje utjecaja odnosa impulsnoga perioda i perioda konstrukcije ...te (3) ocjena niza mjerenja intenziteta (IM) za bliske potrese. Postojeća armiranobetonska zgrada s 35 katova analizira se u okviru prvoga i drugoga cilja, dok se u okviru trećega cilja analiziraju tri okvirne građevine s po 6, 13 i 20 katova. Rezultati pokazuju da kod bliske pobude može na građevinama doći do prekoračenja razine sposobnosti zaštite života. Osim toga, točnost mjerenja intenziteta u velikoj mjeri ovisi o periodu titranja građevine i o funkciji koja se rabi za izračunavanje vrijednosti IM.
Racionalno i učinkovito korištenje vode i energije u svim područjima ljudske aktivnosti podrazumijeva sustavni pristup u navedenoj problematici. U skladu sa time, kao imperativ podrazumijevaju se ...nove metodologije i postupci za ostvarenje prethodno navedenogaU ovom radu opisuje se primjena solarne fotonaponske (FN) energije za rad crpki za vodu za potrebe navodnjavanja. U ovom konceptu primijeniti će se inovativna i originalno osmišljena metoda dimenzioniranja, nazvana Metodom Kritičnog Perioda. Sustav za navodnjavanje uključuje solarni fotonaponski (FN) generator i pretvarač, crpnu stanicu, vodospremu, cjevovode i uređaj za navodnjavanje. Navedena metodologija, odnosno koncept navodnjavanja primijeniti će se na primjeru lokalnog nogometnog kluba F.C. ‘’Obreš’’, na području općine Sveti Ilija u blizini Varaždina u Hrvatskoj. Prikazano rješenje je u skladu sa svjetskim i europskim zakonima, smjernicama i strategijama vezanim uz negativni utjecaj klimatskih promjena i emisija stakleničkih plinova.
Solarni fotonaponski (FN) sustavi koji služe za proizvodnju električne energije za rad crpnih stanica koje crpe vodu koriste se oko 50 godina. U pravilu, takvi sustavi sastoje se od FN generatora, ...crpne stanice i vodospreme. Njihovo korištenje je u pravilu opravdano s ekološkog i društvenog stajališta, no ne i u potpunosti s ekonomskog stajališta. Međutim, ovakvi sustavi su jedina opcija koja se može koristiti u izoliranim i udaljenim područjima. Veliki nedostatak ovakvih sustava je mogućnost zatajenja uslijed pojave nedovoljne jakosti i intenziteta sunčevog zračenja. U ovom je radu korištena Metoda kritičnog perioda (MKP), osmišljena upravo radi otklanjanja navedenog problema. Uz navedeno, u radu je naglasak na ekonomskoj analizi u svrhu dokaza održivosti, odnosno prikaza ekonomske bilance Urbanog vodoopskrbnog sustava (UVS), dimenzioniranog metodom MKP. Ekonomska analiza je izvršena korištenjem Life Cycle Costs (LCC) analize za sve dobivene varijante UVS-a pokretanog FN energijom. Zaključeno je da FN energija ima opravdanu mogućnost korištenja u UVS-u, pri čemu se korištenjem MKP postiže održivost.
Moderni urbani vodoopskrbni sustavi zahtijevaju energetsku i hidrauličku održivost. U posljednje vrijeme teži se korištenju obnovljivih izvora energije, a naročito solarne fotonaponske energije u ...svrhu proizvodnje električne enegije za rad navedenih sustava. Korištenje solarnih fotonaponskih (FN) ćelija u svrhu proizvodnje električne energije za rad crpnih stanica, koje crpe vodu, je već dobro poznata i uhodana tehnologija. U pravilu se takvi sustavi sastoje od FN generatora, crpne stanice i vodospreme. Dosad su se za dimenzioniranje urbanih vodoopskrbnih sustava pokretanih FN energijom koristili pojednostavljeni postupci i metodologije koji su djelomično rješavali problem pouzdanosti i učinkovitosti vodoopskrbnih sustava. U ovom je radu prikazana i opisana Metoda kritičnog perioda (MKP), osmišljena upravo u tu svrhu, čime je napravljen matematički model kojim se dimenzioniraju energetski održivi urbani vodoopskrbni sustavi (EOUVS). Pri tome su razmatrana dva načina formiranja ulaznih i izlaznih vremenskih serija svih veličina potrebnih za proračun. Nadalje, analizirane su funkcionalne zavisnosti veličina pojedinih dijelova urbanog vodoopskrbnog sustava dimenzioniranog takvom metodom, pri čemu se utvrdilo da između pojedinih dijelova postoji funkcionalna povezanost. Time se dobio detaljniji uvid u rad takvog sustava.
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- decorations and medals from the period of the Balkan Wars 1912, 1913 and the First World War 1914-1918.- Front- ordenje i medalje iz ...perioda Balkanskih ratova 1912, 1913. i prvog svetskog rata 1914-1918.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Provider: Czech digital library/Česká digitální knihovna - Institution: National Medical Library/Národní lékařská knihovna - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Úvod: Projekt PROROK (Prospektivní ...observační projekt významu diference glykemie nalačno a postprandiální glykemie pro odhad úspěšnosti terapie diabetu 2. typu) měl charakter neintervenčního, prospektivního, multicentrického observačního projektu s délkou trvání 6 měsíců, jehož cílem byla kvantifikace významu rozdílu mezi glykemií nalačno a postprandiálně pro úspěšnost léčby agonisty pro GLP1 resp. léčby inzulinem bazálním, premixovaným, nebo kombinací bazálního a bolusového inzulinu. Lékaři vybírali léčbu pro neuspokojivě kompenzované pacienty dle vlastního uvážení, zařazeno bylo celkem 4 972 pacientů. Cíl: Cílem práce bylo zhodnocení rozdílů v základních antropometrických a biochemických parametrech mezi skupinami pacientů zařazených do projektu PROROK se zřetelem k volbě terapie ošetřujícím diabetologem. Metodika a výsledky: Pacienti léčení agonisty receptoru GLP1 byli významně mladší, trpí diabetem kratší dobu a zároveň byli obéznější a měli nejvyšší koncentraci triacylglycerolů. Pacienti, u nichž byla volena terapie bazálním inzulinem, měli nejvyšší glykemii nalačno. Pacienti, u nichž byla volena terapie premixovaným inzulinem nebo režimem bazálního a bolusového inzulinu, měli nejvyšší glykemii postprandiálně, pacienti s režimem bazálního a bolusového inzulinu měli nejvyšší vstupní glykovaný hemoglobin. Rozdíl mezi glykemií nalačno a postprandiálně byl nejmenší ve skupině, u níž byla volena terapie bazálním inzulinem a nejvyšší ve skupině vybrané k terapii premixovaným inzulinem resp. kombinací bazálního a bolusového inzulinu. Průměrné zlepšení glykovaného hemoglobinu bylo v celém souboru 1,6 %, medián výsledného glykovaného hemoglobinu byl 5,9 % resp. 5,8 % (léčení agonisty receptoru pro GLP1). Všechny rozdíly p < 0,001. Závěr: Při vědomí skutečnosti, že rozdíly nalezené v parametrech popisujících soubory jsou sice statisticky významné, ale klinicky jsou méně relevantní, považujeme za důležitou skutečnost, že výběr terapie je v konkordanci se základními poznatky o patofyziologii diabetu 2. typu a možnostmi individuálně volené cílené intervence antidiabetickou terapií. Lékaři účastnící se v projektu PROROK tedy volí většinou terapii racionálně.- Introduction: The PROROK project (A prospective observation project to assess the relevance of the difference between fasting glycemia and postprandial glycemia to estimation of success of type 2 diabetes therapy) had a character of a non-interventional, prospective, multicentric observation project conducted for a period of 6 months, whose aim was to quantify the relevance of the difference between fasting and postprandial glycemia to the success of GLP1 receptor agonist treatment, or insulin therapy with basal or premixed insulin, or a combination of basal and bolus insulin. Physicians chose therapy for inadequately compensated patients at their own discretion, with 4 972 patients included. Aim: The study aimed at the assessment of the differences in basic anthropometric and biochemical parameters between the patient cohorts included in the PROROK project with regard to the therapy selected by the treating diabetologist. Methodology and results: The patients treated with GLP1 receptor agonists were quite young, they have suffered from diabetes for a shorter period of time and at the same time were more obese and had the highest concentration of triacylglycerols. The patients who underwent basal insulin therapy, had the highest fasting glycemia. The patients for whom premixed insulin therapy or basal/bolus insulin regimen were chosen, manifested the highest postprandial glycemia, those with basal/bolus insulin regimen had the highest initial glycated haemoglobin. The difference between fasting and postprandial glycemia was the smallest in the cohort for which basal insulin therapy was chosen and the greatest in the cohort chosen for the therapy with premixed insulin, or with the basal/bolus insulin combination. Average improvement in glycated haemoglobin values reached 1.6 % within the whole cohort, a median of the resulting glycated haemoglobin reached 5.9 % or 5.8 % (GLP1 receptor agonist treatment). All the differences amounted to p < 0.001. Conclusion: Bearing in mind that the differences established in the parameters describing the cohorts, although statistically relevant, are of smaller clinical relevance, we regard as an important finding that the choice of therapy is in accordance with the basic knowledge about the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and possibilities of an individually chosen targeted intervention with antidiabetic therapy. We may conclude that most of the physicians participating in the PROROK project choose their therapy in a rational manner.- Denisa Janíčková Žďarská, Pavlína Piťhová, Tomáš Pavlík, Milan Kvapil- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Paginarea: 8- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal ...Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
PDF
