In three experiments, we examined selective adaptation of German /r/ depending on the positional and allophonic overlap between adaptors and targets. A previous study had shown that selective ...adaptation effects with /r/ in Dutch require allophonic overlap between adaptor and target. We aimed at replicating this finding in German, which also has many allophones of /r/. German post-vocalic /r/ is often vocalized, and pre-vocalic /r/ can occur in at least three forms: uvular fricative ʁ, uvular trill ʀ and alveolar trill r. We tested selective adaptation between these variants. The critical questions were whether an allophonic overlap is necessary for adaptation or whether phonemic overlap is sufficient to generate an adaptation effect. Surprisingly, our results show that both assertations are wrong: Adaptation does not require an allophonic overlap between adaptors and target and neither is phonemic overlap sufficient. Even more surprisingly, trilled adaptors led to
more
adaptation for a uvular-fricative target than uvular-fricative adaptors themselves. We suggest that the perceptual salience of the adaptors may be a hitherto underestimated influence on selective adaptation.
Prosodic Phonology by Marina Nespor and Irene Vogel is now available again. "Nespor & Vogel 1986" is a citation classic - even after twenty years, it is still recognized as the standard resource on ...Prosodic Phonology. This groundbreaking work introduces all of the prosodic constituents (syllable, foot, word, clitic group, phonological phrase, intonational phrase and utterance) and provides evidence for each one from numerous languages. Prosodic Phonology also includes a chapter in which experimental psycholinguistic data support the proposed hierarchy.A perceptual study provides evidence that prosodic constituent structure - not syntactic constituent structure - predicts whether listeners are able to disambiguate different types of ambiguous sentences. A chapter on the phonology of poetic meter examines portions of Dante's Divine Comedy.It is demonstrated that the constituents proposed for spoken language also make interesting predictions about literary metrical patterns. Prosodic Phonology is an important reference not only for phonologists, but for all linguists interested in the issue of interfaces among the components of grammar.It is also a basic resource for psycholinguists and cognitive scientists working on linguistic perception and language acquisition.
This book covers the historical development of the English phonological system from its earliest reconstructed and recorded forms to its most recent variations.
•Online beta-tACS impaired phonological task accuracy relative to sham stimulation.•There was no significant difference between online alpha- and beta-tACS.•Beta-tACS caused significantly stronger ...eye flickering sensations.•There are no correlations between eye flickering sensations and number of errors.•The inclusion of a control frequency is crucial to test for frequency specificity.
The left posterior inferior frontal gyrus in the prefrontal cortex is a key region for phonological aspects of language processing. A previous study has shown that alpha-tACS over the prefrontal cortex applied before task processing facilitated phonological decision-making and increased task-related theta power. However, it is unclear how alpha-tACS affects phonological processing when applied directly during the task. Moreover, the frequency specificity of this effect is also unclear since the majority of neurostimulation studies tested a single frequency only. The present study addressed the question whether and how 10 Hz online tACS affects phonological decisions. To this end, 24 healthy participants received tACS at 10 Hz or 16.18 Hz (control frequency) or sham stimulation over the left prefrontal cortex during task processing in three sessions. As an unexpected finding, 16.18 Hz significantly impaired task accuracy relative to sham stimulation, without affecting response speed. There was no significant difference in phonological task performance between 10 Hz and 16.18 Hz tACS or between 10 Hz and sham stimulation. Our results support the functional relevance of the left prefrontal cortex for phonological decisions and suggest that online beta-tACS may modulate language comprehension.
Les realisations des voyelles nasales ayant un statut de phoneme imposent certaines proprietes a leur entourage tout en connaissant des variations de leur degre de hauteur; par contraste, les ...voyelles nasalisees recoivent leur proprietes de leur entourage ne varient pas selon la hauteur. L’emergence de voyelles distinctivement nasales en lycien resulte d’un conditionnement pour partie segmental (co-articulation), pour partie syllabique (elimination des codas).
Dans cet article, nous étudions les caractéristiques morpho-phonologiques des particules négatives latines (nē, nĕ, nī, nei...). D'un point de vue traditionnel, les propriétés formelles de ces ...particules (constituées de n- suivi d'une voyelle syllabique) devraient s'expliquer phonétiquement : du nĕ originel qui aurait subi des développements diachroniques, les autres variantes dériveraient. Dans cet article, nous essaierons de montrer que cette hypothèse pose des difficultés et nous proposerons une autre explication. Les variantes vocaliques qui caractérisent ces particules négatives pourraient être interprétées comme une allomorphie originelle. Une telle reconstruction permet de résoudre des difficultés phonétiques; en outre, elle est soutenue par des attestations documentaires de même que par la comparaison avec des éléments déictiques. Enfin, nous proposerons d'étendre cette interprétation morpho-phonologique à la catégorie des particules hypothétiques. Nel presente saggio si studiano le caratteristiche morfo-fonologiche di una serie di particelle di negazione latine (nē, nĕ, nī, nei...). Secondo la concezione tradizionale, le caratteristiche formali di tali particelle (costituite da n- più una vocale sillabica) andrebbero spiegate per via fonetica: dalla particella originaria nĕ, tramite serie di sviluppi diacronici, sarebbero derivate le altre varianti. L'articolo prova a delineare le difficoltà tecniche poste da questa tesi e tenta altresì di proporre una spiegazione alternativa: la variazione vocalica che contraddistingue le particelle negative potrebbe essere interpretata come una allomorfia originaria. Una tale ricostruzione supera le difficoltà fonetiche ed è supportata dall'evidenza documentaria e dal confronto con diversi elementi di tipo deittico. Da ultimo, si cerca di mostrare che l'interpretazione morfologica potrebbe essere estesa alla classe delle particelle ipotetiche.
Cet article illustre l’influence du tajouid sur le système phonologique et phonétique de l'arabe classique ou coranique. Notre observation, faite dans une perspective phonologique, et à la lumière de ...la phonologie moderne, restitue la logique articulatoire qui sous-tend les règles de prononciation mises en avant par le tajouid. Notre analyse porte une perspective linguistique et phonologique sur les principes d’enchaînement et d’influence consonantique de cette liturgie. Ces observations articulatoires ont été théorisées dans les règles du tajouid. Cette étude s’intéresse uniquement à quelques aspects qui touchent à la dimension phonologique, dans le style de récitation de plus répandu dans le culte islamique : la riwaaya Hafs.
Von zwîv(e)l(e)n zu zweifeln Schmitt, Eleonore
Jahrbuch für germanistische Sprachgeschichte,
08/2019, Letnik:
10, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Variation von Verben mit zweisilbigem Stamm auf
im Infinitiv zwischen voller Form (
), Synkope in der ersten Schwa-Silbe (
) und Synkope in der zweiten Schwa-Silbe (
) ...anhand von Korpusuntersuchungen im Referenzkorpus Mittelhochdeutsch sowie im Deutschen Textarchiv. Es zeigt sich, dass Verben mit zweisilbigem Stamm ein niederfrequentes Phänomen darstellen. Die volle Form überwiegt im Mittelhochdeutschen deutlich, während sie im Frühneuhochdeutschen von der Synkope in der zweiten Schwa-Silbe abgelöst wurde. Synkopen in der ersten Schwa-Silbe lassen sich – konform mit dem Silbenkontaktgesetz – vornehmlich im 17. und frühen 18. Jahrhundert systematisch für Verben beobachten, deren erste Stammsilbe auf Nasal oder vokalisiertem
endet.
Selected papers from the 48th annual Linguistics Symposium on Romance Languages (Toronto, 2018), presenting contemporary issues and novel ideas bridging across various areas of linguistics, in a wide ...variety of Romance languages past and present.
PDF
