How do participants display affectivity in social interaction? Based on recordings of authentic everyday conversations and radio phone-ins, this study offers a fine-grained analysis of how recipients ...of affect-laden informings deploy sound objects, i.e. interjections (oh, ooh and ah) and paralinguistic signals (whistle and clicks), for responsive displays of affectivity. Examining the use of such sound objects across a number of interactional activities including news telling, troubles talk, complaining, assessments and repair, the study provides evidence that the sound pattern and sequential placement of sound objects systematically contribute to their specific meaning-making in interaction, i.e. the management of sequence organisation and interactional relevancies (e.g. affiliation). Presenting an in-depth analysis of a little researched area of language use from an interactional linguistic perspective, the book will be of theoretical and methodological interest to an audience with a background in linguistics, sociology and conversational studies.
Bjarke Frellesvig describes the development of the Japanese language from its recorded beginnings until the present day as reflected by the written sources and historical record. Beginning with a ...description of the oldest attested stage of the language, Old Japanese (approximately the eighth century AD), and then tracing the changes which occurred through the Early Middle Japanese (800–1200), Late Middle Japanese (1200–1600) and the Modern Japanese (1600–onwards) periods, a complete internal history of the language is examined and discussed. This account provides a comprehensive study of how the Japanese language has developed and adapted, providing a much needed resource for scholars. A History of the Japanese Language is invaluable to all those interested in the Japanese language and also students of language change generally.
Studies on French adults using a written lexical decision task with masked priming, in which targets were more primed by consonant- (jalu-JOLI) than vowel-related (vobi-JOLI) primes, support the ...proposal that consonants have more weight than vowels in lexical processing. This study examines the phonological and/or lexical nature of this consonant bias (C-bias), using a sandwich priming task in which a brief presentation of the target (pre-prime) precedes the prime-target sequence, a manipulation blocking lexical neighbourhood effects. Results from three experiments (varying pre-prime/prime durations) show consistent C-priming and no significant V-priming at earlier and later processing stages (50 or 66 ms primes). Yet, a joint analysis reveals a small V-priming, while confirming a significant consonant advantage. This demonstrates the contribution of the phonological level to the C-bias. Second, differences in performance comparing the classic versus sandwich priming task also establish a contribution of lexical neighbourhood inhibition effects to the C-bias.
Hintergrund: Im Schriftspracherwerb lernen Kinder, den Graphemen der deutschen Sprache die entsprechenden verbalen Repräsentationen zuzuordnen. Kindern mit phonologischen Aussprachestörungen gelingt ...diese Aufgabe nur bedingt. Die Möglichkeiten zur Förderung von Kindern mit phonologischen Aussprachestörungen sind im schulischen Kontext häufig begrenzt. Ziele: In dem vorliegenden Beitrag wird das Gruppenförderkonzept GruPho für Kinder mit phonologischen Aussprachestörungen sowie erste Ergebnisse einer Evaluationsstudie, bei der die Durchführbarkeit des Konzepts im Fokus stand, vorgestellt. GruPho dient der Förderung der Phonembewusstheit sowie der Phonemanalyse bei phonologischen Störungen, über die der Erwerb der Morphem-Graphem-Korrespondenz angestoßen wird. Methode: Zur Evaluation von GruPho, wurden im Januar-Juli 2019, 14 GruPho-Sitzungen einer Kleingruppe ... videografiert und mithilfe einer standardisierten Beobachtung ausgewertet. Die kindlichen Sprachkompetenzen wurden vor und nach der Förderung mithilfe der PLAKSS - Psycholinguistische Analyse kindlicher Sprechstörungen ... sowie eines standardisierten Screenings untersucht. Ergebnisse: Das GruPho-Förderkonzept erwies sich insgesamt als sehr gut durchführbar. Die Evaluation liefert außerdem erste Hinweise darauf, dass es einen positiven Einfluss auf die Phonembewusstheit, die Fähigkeit zur Phonemanalyse sowie die Aussprachekompetenzen geförderter Kinder hat. (Abstract übernommen).
Background: In written language acquisition, children learn to relate graphemes to the according verbal representations. Children with phonological pronunciation disorders only succeed partially in this task. Possibilities to support these children in educational contexts are also often limited. Aims: In this article the intervention programme GruPho and first results of an evaluation study are presented. GruPho aims to promote phoneme-grapheme correspondence in children with phonological disorders within a group setting. Methods: To evaluate GruPho 14 sessions in a small group setting ... were videotaped and analyzed using a standardized observation process. The children's language competencies were evaluated with the PLAKSS ... and a standardized screening before and after implementation of the intervention programme. (Abstract übernommen).
This research outlines the basic elements of the phonology and morphology of the Wayuu language, of Arawak origin spoken in Colombia and Venezuela. In terms of phonology, we present the inventory of ...phonemes, the phonemic character of vowel length, syllable configuration, the importance of syllable weight and the mechanism for determining the tonic syllable. Regarding nominal morphology, we describe the differences between alienable and inalienable nouns, definite suffixes, gender and number marking, personal pronouns (which do not differentiate case), four-zone spatial deixis. On the subject of verbal morphology, we describe the double formation of the infinitive, the difference between active and stative verbs, and we provide details of the elements which contribute to an exuberant conjugation: root, topic, thematic suffixes, personal prefixes, gender-number suffixes, tense markers, suffixes for complex verbal subjects (of great semantic variety), the difference between subjective and objective construction, and the existence of aspectual verbal graduation. Finally, the lexical classes of adjectives (probably nonexistent), inflected prepositions, adverbs, conjunctions, quantifiers, and interjections are presented. In derivational morphology, the main cases of derivation are explained, ending with a quick look at compounding
Cet article présente les éléments de base de la phonologie et de la morphologie de la langue wayuu, d'origine arawak, parlée en Colombie et au Venezuela. En phonologie, l'inventaire des phonèmes, le caractère phonémique de la longueur des voyelles, la configuration des syllabes, l'importance du poids des syllabes et le mécanisme de détermination de la syllabe tonique sont présentés. En morphologie nominale, nous décrivons les différences entre les noms aliénables et inaliénables, les suffixes déterminatifs, le marquage du genre et du nombre, les pronoms personnels (qui ne différencient pas le cas), la déixie spatiale à quatre zones. En morphologie verbale, nous décrivons la double formation de l'infinitif, la différence entre les verbes actifs et statifs, et détaillons les éléments qui contribuent à une conjugaison exubérante : racine, sujet, suffixes thématiques, préfixes personnels, suffixes de genre-nombre, marqueurs de temps, suffixes pour les sujets verbaux complexes (d'une grande variété sémantique), différence entre construction subjective et objective, et existence d'une gradation verbale aspectuelle. Enfin, les classes lexicales des adjectifs (probablement inexistants), des prépositions infléchies, des adverbes, des conjonctions, des quantificateurs et des interjections sont présentées. Dans le cadre de la morphologie dérivationnelle, es principaux cas de dérivation sont expliqués et se terminent par un rapide coup d'œil sur les composés
Questo articolo delinea gli elementi di base della fonologia e della morfologia della lingua Wayuu, di affiliazione Arauaca, parlata in Colombia e Venezuela. Nella fonologia, esponiamo l'inventario dei fonemi, il carattere fonemico della lunghezza della vocale, la configurazione sillabica, l'importanza del peso della sillaba e il meccanismo per determinare la sillaba accentata. Nella morfologia nominale, descriviamo le differenze tra nomi alienabili e inalienabili, i suffissi determinativi, la marcatura di genere e di numero, i pronomi personali (che non hanno le differenze di caso), la deissi spaziale a quattro zone. Nella morfologia verbale, descriviamo la doppia formazione dell'infinito, la differenza tra i verbi attivi e i verbi stativi, e dettagliamo gli elementi che contribuiscono a una coniugazione esuberante: radice, tema, suffissi tematici, prefissi personali, suffissi di genere e di numero, i marcatori di tempo, i suffissi per i temi verbali complessi (con grande varietà semantica), la differenza tra costruzione soggettiva e costruzione oggettiva e l'esistenza di gradazioni verbali aspettuali. Infine, vengono presentate le classi lessicali di aggettivi (probabilmente inesistenti), preposizioni flesse, avverbi, congiunzioni, quantificatori e interiezioni. Nella morfologia derivativa sono stati spiegati i principali casi di derivazione; se finisce con un sguardo presto alla composizione
O artigo apresenta os elementos básicos da fonologia e morfologia da língua Wayuu, de filiação Arawak, falada na Colômbia e na Venezuela. Na fonologia, expomos o inventário de fonemas, o caráter fonêmico do comprimento da vogal, a configuração silábica, a importância do peso silábico e o mecanismo de identificação da sílaba tônica. Na morfologia nominal, descrevemos as diferenças entre substantivos alienáveis e inalienáveis, sufixos determinantes, marcação de gênero e número, pronomes pessoais (que não diferenciam caso), dêixis espacial de quatro zonas. Na morfologia verbal, descrevemos a dupla formação do infinitivo, a diferença entre verbos ativos e estativos, e detalhamos os elementos que contribuem para uma conjugação exuberante: raiz, tema, sufixos temáticos, prefixos pessoais, sufixos de gênero-número, marcadores temporais, sufixos para temas verbais complexos (de grande variedade semântica), a diferença entre construção subjetiva e objetiva e a existência de gradação verbal aspectual. Finalmente, são apresentadas as classes lexicais de adjetivos (provavelmente inexistentes), preposições flexionadas, advérbios, conjunções, quantificadores e interjeições. Os principais casos de derivação são explicados na morfologia derivada, terminando com um rápido olhar sobre a composição.
Este artículo bosqueja los elementos básicos de la fonología y la morfología de la lengua Wayuu, de filiación arahuaca, hablada en Colombia y Venezuela. En la fonología, exponemos el inventario de fonemas, el carácter fonémico de la longitud vocálica, la configuración silábica, la importancia del peso silábico y el mecanismo para determinar la sílaba tónica. En la morfología nominal, describimos las diferencias entre nombres alienables e inalienables, los sufijos determinativos, el marcado de género y número, los pronombres personales (que no diferencian caso), la deixis espacial de cuatro zonas. En la morfología verbal, describimos la doble formación del infinitivo, la diferencia entre verbos activos y estativos, y detallamos los elementos que contribuyen a una exuberante conjugación: raíz, tema, sufijos temáticos, prefijos personales, sufijos de género-número, marcadores de tiempo, sufijos para temas verbales complejos (de gran variedad semántica), la diferencia entre la construcción subjetiva y objetiva, y la existencia de la gradación verbal aspectual. Finalmente, se presentan las clases léxicas de adjetivos (probablemente inexistente), preposiciones flexionadas, adverbios, conjunciones, cuantificadores, e interjecciones. En morfología derivativa, se explican los principales casos de derivación, para terminar con una rápida mirada a la composición
The series Manuals of Romance Linguistics (MRL) aims to present a comprehensive, state-of-the-art overview of Romance linguistics. It will comprise approximately 60 volumes that can either be ...consulted individually or used as a series of books providing a detailed overall picture of the current state of research in Romance linguistics. A special focus will be placed on the presentation and analysis of the smaller languages, the linguae minores.
We are fascinated by what words sound like. This fascination also drives us to search for meaning in sound - thereby contradicting the principle of the arbitrariness of the linguistic sign. ...Phonesthemes, onomatopoeia or rhyming compounds all share the property of carrying meaning by virtue of what they sound like, simply because language users establish an association between form and meaning. By drawing on a wide array of examples, ranging from conventionalized words and expressions to brand names and slogans, this book offers a comprehensive account of the role that sound symbolism and rhyme/alliteration plays in English, and by doing so, advocates a more relaxed view of the category 'morpheme' that is able to incorporate less regular word-formation processes.
