Forest fragmentation is a reality in several Brazilian regions due to high deforestation rates. Studies on these fragments are fundamental, as they enable monitoring and predicting the ...transformations of populations and isolated plant communities. This work aimed to evaluate the edge effect on the phytosociological and floristic structure of a Montane Seasonal Semi-deciduous Forest fragment in Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil. The methodology used is a hierarchical and divisive classification of species (TWINSPAN), which enables identifying groups of species which characterize each sample, but is rarely used in the literature in this context. The studied fragment is influenced by the edge effect, evidenced by the increase in the average height and diameter of individuals towards the fragment interior. The addition to a clear distinction between species compositions, being minimized 90 m away from the edge.
This study evaluates the floristic composition and phytosociological structure of three agroforestry systems located in the municipalities of Laranjeiras do Sul and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu, inserted in ...the Atlantic Forest Biome. We selected tree elements with a circumference at breast height (CAP) above 10 cm. The analysis includes the history of each area, the management adopted and the analysis of parameters such as absolute and relative density, absolute and relative dominance, and cover value index, as well as the evaluation of the threat status of each species. A total of 456 trees were analyzed, comprising 52 species, 44 genera, and 24 families. All agroforests showed good representation in numbers of individuals and species, proving the efficiency of the managed areas in reconciling food production and conservation of native biodiversity.
Anexo 1. Abundancia e Índice de valor de importancia (IVI) en orden descendente para las especies de malezas registradas en general en plantaciones bananeras del departamento del Magdalena e IVI en ...cada una de las zonas muestreadas. Citación: Quintero-Pertuz I, Carbonó-Delahoz E, Hoyos V, Jarma-Orozco A, Plaza G. 2021. Fitosociología de malezas en plantaciones bananeras en el departamento del Magdalena, Colombia. Caldasia. 43(1):80–93. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.15446/caldasia.v43n1.83554
The study of temporal changes in riparian vegetation is essential for understanding the paths taken by the ecosystem during ecological succession. In order to evaluate the changes in floristic ...composition, structure, and dynamics of the arboreal vegetation in an area of Semideciduous Seasonal Alluvial Forest, we aim to understand the secondary succession that occurs in the Paraná River floodplain. Based on a study conducted 20 years ago, in the municipality of Batayporã, Mato Grosso do Sul, a re-sampling was carried out in the same area, using the same methodology. Phytosociological and ecological parameters between the two temporal samplings were collected and compared using Student's ‘t’ test, where it was possible to find statistically significant variations (p<0.05) in the vegetation structure. A total of 603 individuals were sampled, distributed among 51 species and grouped in 46 genera and 31 families. The analysis of the distribution of abundance and importance values (IV) of species visualized in the histogram indicated an expected pattern in forest communities, which is the substitution of early successional species for late successional species. For the successional categories, the comparison of IVs revealed higher values for secondary species in both surveys and changes in the positions of climax and pioneer species, directly influencing the IVs values of these categories for the zones. When compared to the result obtained in the previous study, a replacement of the IV values of pioneer species with climax and dead species is noted. The comparisons showed that this phytocoenosis is evolving to a mature successional stage, a result of the decrease in the main anthropic impacts in the area. The results obtained highlight the importance of temporal monitoring of forest areas to expand the understanding of the pathways of ecological succession in this type of environment and provide information to assist in biodiversity conservation.
The fourth edition of the International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature (ICPN) was prepared by the Steering Committee of the IAVS Working Group for Phytosociological Nomenclature (GPN). The ...edition consists of 14 Definitions, 7 Principles, 53 Articles, and 7 Appendices. When compared with the previous edition, the main amendments are: (a) the acceptance of electronic publications (Art. 1); (b) the introduction of binding decisions (Definition XIV, Principle II, Articles 1, 2b, 3c, 29b, 40, 42, 44, Appendices 6 and 7); (c) the mandatory use of the English or Latin terminology for syntaxonomic novelties (Definition II, Principle II, Articles 3d and 3i); (d) the introduction of autonyms for the main ranks when the corresponding secondary ranks are created (Articles 13b and 24); (e) the automatic correction of the taxon names (name‐giving taxa) used in the names of syntaxa in accordance with the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) (Article 44); (f) the possibility to mutate the name of a syntaxon in using other correct, alternative names for the name‐giving taxa (Article 45); (g) the introduction of inadequate names, a new category of rejected names (Definition V, Articles 43 through 45); and (h) the introduction of a conserved type (Definition XIII, Article 53). The fourth edition of ICPN was approved by the GPN on 25 May 2019 and becomes effectively binding on 1 January 2021.
The new edition of the ICPN will become effectively binding on 1 January 2021. It consists of 14 Definitions, 7 Principles, 53 Articles, and 7 Appendices. Some Articles bring important amendments, among which the acceptance of electronic publications or the possibility to request a binding decision on controversial cases.
We studied the structural characteristics of forests to better understand their current condition and help plan for the sustainable management of their resources. We delimited 14 sampling units, ...according to physiognomy and geomorphological position (base, medium slope 1, medium slope 2, and inselberg). To characterize vegetation structure, we used the transect method (50 x 2 m) following to Method of Phanerophytes and Chamaephyties Inventory. After this step, we classified the transects into four biotopes: (CAR: Caatinga on rocky substrate, CBA: Caatinga with open woods, CBC: Caatinga with closed woods, and CDA: degraded shrubby “Caatinga”), according to geomorphological position. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that adjacent areas with different topography differ from one another. For those comparisons, we calculated parametric and non-parametric tests in the software R. We recorded a total of 67 species, including trees, shrubs, and herbs, and high values for diversity (3.4 nats/individual) and evenness (0.83). Based on the comparison between rarefaction curves and non-parametric estimates, we observed the highest diversity in the category Caatinga with closed woods (CBC). Considering its species composition and abundance the group degraded shrubby Caatinga (CDA) is undergoing succession. The Jaccard index did not suggest floristic similarity between biotopes, but rather pointed to a diverse floristic composition in the area, with the presence of species either common or rare to the Caatinga and a higher heterogeneity than among other Brazilian semiarid areas.
•Woody and rosettes plant richness and diversity decreased with elevation.•Frequency and richness of different life forms vary along altitudinal gradients.•Soil properties affect the distribution of ...woody species.•Species composition and structure change abruptly along altitudinal gradient.•Species turnover is responsible for β diversity.
Rupestrian grasslands comprise a mosaic of plant communities that dominate high elevations formation associated with quartzite soil in Eastern Brazil. This study evaluated changes in floristic composition, structure, diversity, and life forms spectra along an altitudinal gradient in the rupestrian grasslands in south-eastern Espinhaço Mountains Range. Sampling was conducted in seven sites at 100-m elevation intervals (800–1400m). Thirteen 100-m2 plots were established at each elevation; within each plot all woody individuals and rosettes with a diameter at soil height≥1cm were sampled. Differences in vegetation structure, diversity, species composition, frequency and richness of each life forms were analyzed in relation to soil attributes and elevation. In total, 9672 individuals belonging to 278 species were sampled across the altitudinal gradient. Plant height, species richness, diversity and evenness, frequency and richness of phanerophytes and chamaephytes decreased with elevation. The β diversity represented 92.7% of the total diversity and species turnover is numerically the primary mechanism that determines the β diversity. Most species with higher importance value also had the highest indicator values. Spatial factors, spatially structured environment and the environment explained 34% of the variation in species distribution. Floristic composition differed across elevations, and soil pH, solution equilibrium P, base saturation, hydrogen+aluminum, organic matter, and K were related to species distribution. The results showed marked changes in the rupestrian grasslands along the altitudinal gradient and indicated that soil is an important driver of community change.
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