The changes taking place in the modern world, their character and dynamics determine theneed to verify the role and tasks of the most important institution of political life, in particularthe state. ...However, the multitude of positions in this regard, from extremely libertarian,aimed at eliminating the state as an organization using coercion, promoting “philosophyof strength” instead of “philosophy of freedom”, to voices demanding “strengthening” the state - a guarantor of security (on various levels: military, economic , social, social, culturaletc.), especially in the face of challenges such as migration crisis or modern terrorism. Thedilemma of limiting the state or strengthening it, which has always been present in politicaldiscourse, deepens the crisis of values and the difficulty in defining concepts of fundamentalimportance, including democracy itself. Question asked by Chantal Delsol What do we careabout? it seems so current in the face of many contemporary paradoxes.
The article concerns the development of Australia’s migration policy from the establishment of the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901 to modern times. The first part of the article analyses the ...problem from the beginning of Australia to World War II, and the second part concerns the period from 1948 up to modern times. Comprehensive conclusions derived from the study are included in the summary at the end of the second part. The first part focuses on the genesis and the key events that determined the Australian authorities’ approach to the issue of immigration in the subsequent years of this country’s existence. In order to show the wide background of this process, the author briefly discusses the events that had taken place before the federation was established. It can be hypothesised that Australia was initially built on the foundation of colonists and then (purposeful) immigrants, from which it drew strength and resources for its development. Tracking the history of migration to Australia is helpful in verifying this assumption.
This thesis is about the origin and development of electromagnetic weapons used in policing and military tasks as a non-lethal tool. The electromagnetic weapon was taken into consideration as a ...military or police means of antipersonnel engagement in the late 1970s. In the 1980s the USA conducted some defense programs towards development of lethal high energy laser weapons, to shoot down ballistic missiles and high-power microwave weapons designed to destroy electronic equipment. This technology was adapted by US Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Directorate (JNLWD) to construct new or adapted non-lethal delivery systems, which could be used in military operations. Until late 1990s several types of electromagnetic weapons were created and taken into account for practical use. The most important were: Active Denial System and electromagnetic pulse generators devices, for example E-bomb, which was probably used against Iraq in 2003 war.
Considering the difficulties in the functioning of the orphaned children from children’s homes, the question arises whether there is a cause-and-effect relationship between the malfunctioninga nd ...experiencing social orphanhood. The main purpose of the article is to establish a link betweenthe social and emotional functioning of the orphaned children and their experiencing social orphanhood. Furthermore, the article aims at answering the questions of how the orphaned children functionsocially and emotionally and whether there is a correlation between their functioning and social orphanhood they experience. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to address the research problem. The research involved adopting methods of individual cases and diagnostic surveys. All the methods used in the research allowed to prove the thesis on the relationship between the social andemotional functioning and social orphanhood the orphaned children experience.
Pacifist sentiments that arose among Japanese after the end of World War II were associated with the feeling of being victims of the nuclear tragedy, fatigue with long-term military activities and ...the demilitarisation of Japan carried out by the occupation authorities. The purpose of this article is to show the problem of the politics of memory in the context of the activities of non-governmental organisations whose aim is to create memorial sites reminiscent of historical events. An example of this type of organisation, discussed in this article, is the Japan Teachers Union, which, at the beginning of its existence, pursued goals set by the United States, which exercised real power in the Archipelago during the occupation. When the Cold War broke out, this organisation fell out of favour with the authorities, and its activities began to be associated with anti-Japan opposition. The main goal of the Union was to reform school textbooks, which, although to a large extent gave an objective history of Japanese activities on the Asian continent, were not without significance for Japanese-American relations.
Politique Dacheux, Éric
Hermès (Paris, France : 1988),
01/2018, Letnik:
80, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Le projet scientifique d’ Hermès n’est pas de défendre telle ou telle conception du ou de la politique, mais de développer une anthropologie politique qui soit pluridisciplinaire et non sectaire. ...Quelles sont les principales caractéristiques de cette anthropologie politique ? Le but de ce texte est de les expliciter en s’appuyant sur l’étude longitudinale des numéros de la revue consacrés à cette thématique.
The aim of the presented analysis was to identify areas which are most affected by the changeresulting from the reform of science and higher education in Poland. The source of this typeof research is ...the Law on Higher Education and Science of July 20, 2018 and legal acts which,as a result of its adoption, are being repealed. Although the reform covers more entities than public universities, the new law on higher education introduces in their case the possibility ofchanging the system as a result of endogenous transformations. In addition to changes in thepolitical system of the university, another area of c hange is the model of doctoral education,broader even the entire model of an academic career. The evaluation of the scientific activityand the financing of the university will have a different character.
Military thought and military issues traditionally played an important role in Russia’shistory. Even economic, political, social and educational reforms were mainlytriggered by the needs related to ...military issues – preparation for wars or unsuccessfulmilitary campaigns of the Russian Empire (between the 17th and 19th centuries againstPoland and Ottoman Turks and in the 20th century by Russia’s defeat in the waragainst Japan). It should be noted that the reforms during the reigns of Peter the Greatand Catherine II and also in the 19th century, were introduced under military andexternal security challenges. In this regard, after the seizure of power, despitetheir tremendous critics on Tsarist government militarization policies, Bolshevikshugely relied on military power too. The military affairs were doctrinalized duringthe Bolsheviks rule for the first time in Russian history.This paper analyzes the military thought in the Russian Empire in the endof the 19th century and its transformation during the first years of Soviet rulein the early 20th century. It also studies discussions among the Soviet politicaland military elite on theoretical and practical facets of the military and methodsof waging war in 1920s as well as explores the creation of the Russian non-linearwarfare theory, the only warfare concept of the Soviet Union which is recognizedworldwide. The paper concludes that the thought dating back to those periods isalso used in contemporary Russia.
Information and communication technologies play a vital role in the lives of individuals, social groups or society as such. This fact is related not only to new devices but also to a further- and ...further-reaching software offer. Nowadays, e-services are offered not only by commercial entities (eg. e-banking or electronic trade platforms) but also by central administration (eg. mDokumenty personal documents available on electronic devices, Regionalny System Ostrzegania Regional Warning System or by self-governments (eg. the application BLISKO). Frequent use of these programmes requires providing data which, when improperly secured, may be taken advantage of by criminals. Users, both individual and institutional ones, should remain alert while availing themselves of information and communication technologies. That is why, diagnostic research with respect to estimating threats – also in the realm of internal security – resulting from technological development is so important. Underestimating dangers may result in risky behaviours. Negligence or simply not conducting this sort of explorations usually lead to misfired educational-informational actions or to the increase in the number of crimes. The present paper presents the results of the research conducted among the inhabitants of Kuyavian-Pomeranian voivodeship in the area of threats to internal security, with the threats being contingent upon the development of ICT.
