Electrokinetic remediation of inorganic and organic pollutants in textile effluent contaminated agricultural soil Annamalai, Sivasankar; Manikandan SanthanamauthorMicrobial Corrosion and Bio-Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630006, India; Maruthamuthu SundaramauthorMicrobial Corrosion and Bio-Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630006, India ...
2015
Journal Article
The leafhopper fauna in birch (Betula pendula) stands Kula, E. (Mendelova Zemedelska a Lesnicka Univ., Brno (Czech Republic). Lesnicka a Drevarska Fakulta)
Journal of forest science (Praha),
(Aug 2002), Letnik:
48, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
In birch (Betula pendula) stands of the Decin sandstone uplands (northern Bohemia) 55 species of leafhoppers were captured using photoeclectors, ground traps and shaking down onto sheets (23,855 ...specimens of larvae and imagoes). The dominant representatives of the grass and herb undergrowth in birch stands are Jassargus allobrogicus, Anoscopus flavostriatus, Neophilaenus lineatus, Hyledelphax elegantula, Diplocolenus bohemani, Streptanus brevipennis, Macustus grisescens, Planaphrodes bifasciata and Cercopis vulnerata. A heavy abundance of the dominant Oncopis flavicollis and the less abundant O. tristis, weakens birch growth due to the leaf-sucking activities of the insects.
Our investigation was aimed at the composition of syrphid fauna in spruce stands damaged by different intensity of air pollution which caused differences in canopy density, stand opening and ...herbaceous stratum. The syrphids were collected by yellow dish method. Stands damaged by the highest degree of pollution showed the richest spectrum of Syrphidae representatives.
Urinary cadmium (Cd), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), and creatinine levels were determined for 400 inhabitants living in Cd-polluted districts of Annaka City in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. The ...Cd pollution was mainly due to falling dust from a zinc smelter factory according to seasonal winds. The Cd-polluted areas were divided into five administrative districts around the factory. The geometric mean of the urinary Cd level of the inhabitants in the five districts, Nodono, Iwai, Ooya, Nakajyuku, and Itahana, were 2.95, 2.66, 2.45, 1.97, and 1.67 micrograms/g creatinine, respectively. The geometric means for Nodono and Iwai are statistically larger than that for Itahana (P less than 0.01). These results were well explained by the wind direction and proximity to the factory. In addition, a two-way analysis of variance on the urinary Cd level was made using place of residence and smoking habits. The effect was mainly due to the place of residence, and no interactions were found. There were statistically significant differences in NAG excretion among the five groups, but no difference could be found between two groups using a multiple comparison. Pearson's correlation coefficient between the logarithm of urinary Cd content and that of NAG was 0.203, but statistically significant (r = 0.462 without creatinine correction; P less than 0.01). The present results indicate the association of urinary Cd and NAG levels in a Cd-exposed population whose geometric mean of urinary Cd content is about 2 micrograms/g creatinine. We recommend a continuous survey of the minimum health effects of the Cd pollution using urinary levels of Cd and protein including NAG.
This paper mainly focus on managing and processing graphical data and attribute data relative to polluted are abased on Google Earth platform that gets rich geo-data to you with amazing speed and ...full context. The processes of importing, organizing, visualizing, editing and exporting of geographic entity such as polluted area are investigated in detail. KML with a tag-based structure acts as an effective interface for data storage and conversion. Google Earth Plug-in and its API are used to developing relevant functions to organize and manipulate spatial data. Essential algorithms on spatial analysis are designed for editing graphics. And satellite imagery in Google earth viewer plays an important role in navigation and location for geographic entity. A prototype system with primary operating functions is realized with Microsoft .NET platform and it can be used for polluted area mapping in power supply enterprises.
The purpose of this chapter is to offer an analysis of Slovenian state institutions actual responses to the environmental crime at crime scenes and to propose solutions for more efficient and ...effective future work of police and prosecutors. In-depth target interviews were conducted with police officers, prosecutors and judges in order to define appropriate crime scene investigation procedures for recovering the evidence supporting the ensuing procedures in courts. These in-depth interviews consisted of questions regarding different views on the problems of investigating environmental crime and, in particular, the collection of evidence gathered from a crime scene. Further, crime scene security and safety issues were explored. The main problem in investigating environmental crimes is that, according to our latest experience, it is generally difficult to collect proper evidence on which to substantiate relevant indictment charges. More specifically, though the circumstances, attributes, and consequences of such crimes may be readily available, the major remaining unresolved issue is usually the identity of the offender(s). In such cases, good cooperation between the competent institutions is of crucial importance. The dividing line between the competences or jurisdiction of particular institutions (e.g. the police, forensics, and the inspectorate) is very thin, and it often happens that these have to solve an issue falling under their mutual jurisdiction. Finally, solutions for the future crime scene procedures by the police and harmonisation of the procedures regarding environmental crime are proposed.
This chapter aims to discuss Ukrainian practice of environmental regulation (i.e. setting environmental norms) in the context of applying environmental assessment procedures — EIA and SEA. For highly ...polluted areas, which are plentiful in Ukraine, the development of standards and thresholds is of key importance for the successful application of modern methods of environmental assessment, since the adaptation of these methods can help provide a higher level of protection for the environment. The main focus of this chapter is to discuss the necessary changes in Ukrainian practice of environmental regulation, which can contribute to a more environmentally thoughtful management of the economy. It provides an example of how a major environmental problem, in this case air pollution, can be a driver of change in environmental standards. It also reflects a concern to improve environmental performance to meet international standards, in particular EU standards.
Creatinine clearance (CCr) and relative clearance of β2-microglobulin (β2-m) to CCr (Cβ2-m(%CCr)) were measured among 106 residents, 51 males and 55 females (including 8 patients with, or suspected ...of having "Itai-itai disease"), aged 13-87 years in a Cadmium (Cd)-polluted area in the Jinzu River basin. The control consisted of 105 residents, 38 males and 67 females, aged 12-84 years in a non-polluted area. Relations of Cβ2-m (% CCr) to the urinary excretion rate of β2-m (μg/min) and the urinary β2-m/creatinine ratio (μg/mg·creatinine) were studied. Residents in a Cd-polluted area aged 50-69 years and over 70 years showed lower CCr and higher Cβ2-m (% CCr) than those of residents in the same age groups in a non-polluted area. CCr showed a tendency to decrease with increasing Cβ2-m(% CCr).Cβ2-m (% CCr) could be predicted by the urinary excretion rate of β2-m. Prediction error was due to interindvidual variations in the product of serum β2-m concentration and CCr, which was considered to depend on the production rate of β2-m. Cβ2-m (% CCr) could also be predicted by the urinary β2-m/creatinine ratio. Prediction error was due to interindividual variations in the serum β2-m/creatinine ratio, which was considered to depend on the ratio of the production rate of β2-m to that of creatinine. However, prediction errors were so small as to be negligible compared with the wide distribution of the urinary β2-m/creatinine ratio (10-2-103μg/mg·creatinine). In most residents of the Cd-polluted area, serum concentrations of β2-m were below the serum threshold value for renal tubular reabsorption (4.0-4.5μg/ml), and raised Cβ2-m (% CCr) could be ascribed to defective renal tubular reabsorption.
To investigate the present situation of inhabitants living in the cadmium-polluted area of Toyama Prefecture, 95 hair samples were analyzed instrumentally by the neutron activation method. The ...concentrations were compared with nonpolluted samples. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Zn, and Cu/Zn in hair were compared with those in some reported organs. The values of Cu/Zn were significantly lower (p less than 0.001) in hair of both female groups, but only somewhat lower (p less than 0.05) in hair of the male group. Causes of these facts are discussed. Results obtained from principal component analysis are also mentioned.
This study examined the relationship between health parameters and psychological distress among inhabitants of methylmercury-polluted areas in Japan. The subjects were 133 inhabitants over the age of ...40 yr living in two methylmercury-polluted villages. Information on demographic factors, health status, and mental health was obtained using questionnaires, including the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). The proportional odds model was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratios of factors associated with a higher GHQ score after adjustment for age, gender, and district. Very poor self-rated health status, a high number (5+) of subjective symptoms, having monthly outpatient visits and medical house calls, and receiving compensation for methylmercury poisoning were significantly associated with psychological distress. Poor physical condition may lead to the development of psychological distress.
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