L’aménagement urbain sous toutes ses formes (travaux, constructions, aménagement, requalifïcation, fouilles, etc.) se heurte en France à une réglementation très protectrice de l’immeuble au sens ...large, tant au niveau du droit de propriété (édifices menaçant ruine, immeubles sans propriétaire apparent, voies privées) que du point de la protection de certains intérêts généraux inhérents à cet immeuble (domanialité publique, archéologie préventive).
Urban development in France, regardless its nature (works, buildings, development, amendment, excavations) will face a very protective regulation regarding buildings, and this in an extensive way, either from a property law perspective (Constructions falling in ruins, buildings without identified owner, privates roads) or from a collective rights perspective (Rights related to state property, preventive archaeology).
For over two decades, Romania’s fast-growing construction industry made an impact on infrastructure, landscape, and urban areas, contributing to an increase in preventive archeology research ...activities. The current study aims to explore public perceptions of both archaeology and preventive archeology. It was conducted online, on a convenience sample comprising both professionals within the domain of archeology and heritage safeguarding and research, as well as non-professionals. Its main aim is to shed light on the current situation, given the fact that public perceptions change over time and niche topics such as preventive archaeology pose a specific set of challenges when they have to be publicly addressed by various stakeholders.
De la prescription à la valorisation Marina Biron; Laurent Sévègnes; Laurent Vidal
Nouvelles de l'archéologie,
03/2021, Letnik:
162
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
40 years ago, Inrap carried out an archaeological diagnosis near the antique city of Aleria (Haute-Corse), on a spot where several individual buildings were to be constructed. These investigations ...showed the presence of a roman necropolis, in the middle of which a grave dating back from the Etruscan period was discovered. After what appeared to be a major discovery, the “Regional Service of Corsica” requested an excavation in 2018. This included an unusual and complementary procedure: the presence of a curator-restorer as soon as the first assessments of the dig started. INRAP added to the team a curator-restorer commissioned to take care of the objects as soon as the tomb was opened.This experiment is told by the three main people involved: the prescriptor, the archaeologist responsible for the excavation, and the curator-restorer herself.
European countries interest for archaeological heritage, as part of the cultural landscape, was firstly expressed at the London Convention (1969), whose content was later revised by La Valetta ...Convention (1992). Romania joined this Convention in 2000, thus assuming the mission to protect and preserve the archaeological heritage, facing with massive economic development and urban expansion. Although we speak of a consecrated historical center, in Timisoara’s urban landscape preventive archaeology has become a reality only from 2004, when first researches were conducted. During the last few years, local infrastructure development has determined an extension of archaeological investigations over the historical area of the city, with major influences especially over public transportation (most of the times hampered, sometimes deviated, even blocked in the specific area, during archaeological research). Our approach focuses on multiple facets and implications of preventive archaeology over Timisoara’s urban landscape, from immediate, obvious issues (such as population’s satisfaction regarding archaeological investigations, their consequences (over access in the area, safety or transportation)), to long-term results (over local tourism, urban development or locals’ education for protecting and promoting cultural heritage).
The study of urban archaeology includes an experimental phase carried out in daily life, with a tremendous influence on management methods of urban environment. Archaeologists have now become common ...players in the development of the city. It is widely known that in recent years the growing tensions have something to do with the difficult economic times. However, the ever-growing reluctance and rhetoric identifying archaeology as a hindrance to economic development and to the future of the city is firstly a misunderstanding. This misguided view has been a common belief since the rise of preventive and urban archaeologies. Input of archeological activity in the heart of cities is usually based on a patrimonial or cultural ground. This is indeed a more legible answer, which the preventive archaeologists have come out with. We must consider whether this is enough. Is defining urban archaeology not taking precedent where the social idea of urban planning is being utilized and renewed?
The archaeological diagnostic consists in assessing the archaeological potential of an area impacted by development. This first phase aims to provide sufficient information -on the nature, extent, ...chronology and degree of preservation of the sites- to the competent authorities (in France, the Ministry of Culture) in view to prescribe or not an excavation.Beyond the assessment of archaeological potential, they deliver diachronic information on land-use whose exploitation is often restricted. In the case of large areas surveyed, we let’s suppose that the data mining is useful for archaeological interpretation of the site.This paper presents the methods and results of an experiment based on data from a 226 ha archaeological survey performed at Etrechet in Indre (Centre of France). The aim was to evaluate the contribution of spatial analysis, on one hand to read the results of the trial trenching, secondly to understand the land-use in the studied area. The experiment focused on the use of exploratory spatial data analysis. The methods used are both cartographic with the grid analysis and statistic with data clustering. The aim of this methods is to overcome the division imposed by the trial trenches, and consider the whole area.Results show that it is possible to test interpretive hypothesis on the distribution of the remains. Indeed spatial analysis reveals patterns by periods, confronted to the essential archaeological interpretation. The results meet the two objectives of an archaeological assessment. First, they are useful to interpret the remains and to understand the dynamics of land-use. Secondly, as decision-making tool, they provide elements for the authorities to deal with the archaeological sites (excavations or preservation).
The archeological finds that were brought about by the development works of the city of Cahors have been especially important over the last decade. For the Roman period only, the site of the source ...of Divona has been confirmed, while such major public buildings as a large circular temple and an amphitheatre, the existence of which had remained unknown, have just been uncovered. On the other hand, data that are currently being exploited are likely to enable us to locate the forum at an unexpected place. Lastly the outcome of the preventive and programmed researches carried out from 1997 to 2006 on the layout of the aqueduct provides information, technical and archeological, especially precious regarding the setting into perspective of the city’s status.
The present paper discusses the great challenge the responsible researchers in partnership with the governmental agencies of cultural protection and the museums have to face to ensure the ...guardianship, conservation and extroversion of the massive collection of material culture and documents produced by Preventive Archaeology in the context of Environmental Assessment.
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