The article contributes to the discussion of Russia's public diplomacy efforts to transmit and diffuse certain narratives to foreign audiences online. Utilizing the case of understudied Russia's ...public diplomacy strategies concerning Asian countries, the study analyzes what narratives Russia's embassy projected to the Japanese public from 2013 to 2019. The findings demonstrate that although the embassy gives preference to positive self-description over active advocacy, it constructs Russia's image through history-dependent narratives. This practice is unlikely to contribute to the understanding of modern Russia, which its political elites are striving for. The study contributes to the overall understanding of the narrative composition that Russia constructs as a part of its public diplomacy efforts. The article also brings together elements of qualitative and quantitative methodology to conduct a content analysis of narratives online, which paves the way for further investigation of social media public diplomacy practices.
Soft power in its current, widely understood form has become a straitjacket for those trying to understand power and communication in international affairs. Analyses of soft power overwhelmingly ...focus on soft power 'assets' or capabilities and how to wield them, not how influence does or does not take place. It has become a catch-all term that has lost explanatory power, just as hard power once did. The authors argue that the concept of strategic narrative gives us intellectual purchase on the complexities of international politics today, especially in regard to how influence works in a new media environment. They believe that the study of media and war would benefit from more attention being paid to strategic narratives.
The article analyzes the leading types of modern diplomacy. Problem statement. Changes in the system of international relations have led to increased attention to the study of issues related to ...modern diplomacy. However, in the scientific community, the study of the features and essence of the varieties of modern diplomacy is considered to be fragmented. The lack of thorough general theoretical works on this issue, as well as the frequent misunderstanding of the essence and tasks of modern diplomacy in the scientific and publicist literature, causes confusion and different interpretations of the terms. This points to the relevance and significance of further research in the field of modern diplomacy. The purpose of the study is to reveal the essence and define the terms " public diplomacy", " people' diplomacy", "civil diplomacy", "new public diplomacy", to establish their classification according to the subjects of implementation, addressees and peculiarities of practical implementation. The aim of the work is also to conduct a comprehensive analysis of "cultural diplomacy" and to identify the main achievements in this area in Ukraine. Methodology. This study uses the methodology of interdisciplinary level science. The interdisciplinary integration of knowledge and the integration of disparate characteristics into a system allowed to obtain new scientific knowledge, which consists in a comparative analysis of the leading types of modern diplomacy, highlighting "cultural diplomacy" as the main one and analyzing the main institutional achievements of Ukraine in cultural diplomacy. Results. The article summarizes the definitions of the concepts of "public diplomacy", "civil diplomacy", "people's diplomacy", "digital diplomacy", "new public diplomacy". Their essential features and main characteristics are highlighted, their comparative analysis is presented, and "cultural diplomacy" as the leading direction of modern diplomatic practice is analyzed. The institutional context of cultural diplomacy of Ukraine is considered. The conclusion is made that despite the failure of systemic cultural reforms in the past, today there are positive changes in cultural diplomacy. Ukraine's cultural vector in foreign policy acquires a systemic and strategic balance. Value/originality. A comparative analysis of different types of modern diplomacy is conducted, the definition of "cultural diplomacy" is clarified and the peculiarities of its institutional formation are considered. Practical implications. The materials of the article can be used for research and educational purposes, as well as for the further development of the vectors of Ukrainian cultural diplomacy.
Building on the concept of depoliticization, this book provides a first systematic analysis of International Organizations (IO) apolitical claims. It shows that depoliticization sustains IO everyday ...activities while allowing them to remain engaged in politics, even when they pretend not to. Delving into the inner dynamics of global governance, this book develops an analytical framework on why IOs "hate" politics by bringing together practices and logics of depoliticization in a wide variety of historical, geographic and organizational contexts. With multiple case studies in the fields of labor rights and economic regulation, environmental protection, development and humanitarian aid, peacekeeping, among others this book shows that depoliticization is enacted in a series of overlapping, sometimes mundane, practices resulting from the complex interaction between professional habits, organizational cultures and individual tactics. By approaching the consequences of these practices in terms of logics, the book addresses the instrumental dimension of depoliticization without assuming that IO actors necessarily intend to depoliticize their action or global problems. For IO scholars and students, this book sheds new light on IO politics by clarifying one often taken-for-granted dimension of their everyday activities, precisely that of depoliticization. It will also be of interest to other researchers working in the fields of political science, international relations, international political sociology, international political economy, international public administration, history, law, sociology, anthropology and geography as well as IO practitioners.
During the Cold War public diplomacy was far more advanced, dynamic, and all-inclusive than we give credit. The Cold War shaped domestic and foreign policies for many decades, worldwide. With the ...United States and the Soviet Union as the main protagonists of the bipolar world, using international broadcasting shaped the attitudes of the countries in a favorable stance for the two superpowers, to comply with the competing ideologies. This article investigates the role of public diplomacy through media, education, and cultural programs, and the role they played in bringing down the Cold War. Educational and Cultural programs played an especially influential role in the superpower’s strategies and competing agendas on who wins more hearts and minds. Through the use of historical research methods, combined with discourse and content analysis of books, archived official documents, podcasts, newspapers, and publications, draw a pattern of empowerment and transformation of such tools as propaganda into public diplomacy, which in the beginning deepened the distance between East and West, while later was used to win hearts and minds. As this article analyzes, public diplomacy played an important role during the Cold War, emerging in the initial years of the war itself. Through a sophisticated strategy of using common bridges among people as a connection such as science, music, sports, and education exchange programs, considered at that time to be entirely divided from the political sphere, the United States as the leading Western democracy managed to get into the hearts and minds of the Soviet people. Among the most popular models of using public diplomacy was that of a hostile nature of relationships, intending to achieve results in foreign publics. The hypothesis was that if the images persuaded the targeted foreign public of the other side, they would pressure their governments to change their hostile positions and politicize toward the other side. Public diplomacy was that counterbalance to nuclear power competition, which was dominated by campaigns that aimed to gain influence and win the support of the international global society, and it inspired different countries, to use different tools to achieve their international goals. Programs such as the Fulbright, International Visitors Program, and “People to People” program, founded with the purpose to promote the United States' goodwill through educational exchange programs in the field of culture and science, philanthropy, and humanitarian activities, changed the perspective of communication and understanding between the United States and other nations, but also as an important step toward world peace. In the meantime, this strategy eroded the foundations of Soviet ideology and was considered by Soviet diplomats as a Trojan horse that caused the fall of its entire system. This article also investigates how propaganda transformed into public diplomacy and became institutionalized and recognized as a powerful tool through which states can maintain relations with one another in the spirit of cooperation. The analysis concludes that public diplomacy was one of the main factors that melted the iron division between the U.S and the USSR, yet brought down the Soviet Union itself.
In this introductory article, we discuss the rise of the “classical” theories of propaganda, starting with an historical exposé of the concept, which traces its roots and trajectory through the field ...of academic analysis. Propaganda is then discussed in relation to other adjacent concepts such as soft power, public diplomacy, nation branding, fake news, and so on. In a third section, the concept of propaganda is discussed in relation to the present datafied world, marked by various forms of crises – of democracy and of the environment, for example. In the last section, the articles included in this themed issue are presented and related to the preceding historical and conceptual discussion.
Today, public diplomacy, as a complement to formal diplomacy, has become an important tool in the realization of foreign policy goals through the use of modern information and communication ...technologies, and the Islamic Republic of Iran is also given its potential cultural, religious and political capabilities tries to take advantage of this instrument to realize its principles and objectives in the international arena. The question of this research is whether the Islamic Republic of Iran, given its potential cultural, religious, and political capabilities, has been successful in its public diplomacy? It is also mentioned in the response that the Islamic Republic is weak in a structural, institutional and managerial context of public diplomacy and, accordingly, has failed to act in the field of public diplomacy as it deserves.
The field of cultural diplomacy, which looms large in present-day cultural policy and discourse, has been insufficiently analysed by the cultural disciplines. This special issue engages with the task ...of filling the gap. The present essay sets out the terms in which the authors have taken up this engagement, focusing principally on Australia and Asia. Distinguishing between cultural diplomacy that is essentially interest-driven governmental practice and cultural relations, which is ideals-driven and practiced largely by non-state actors, the authors pursue a twofold aim. First, to demystify the field, especially when it is yoked to the notion of 'soft power'; second, to better understand how actually-existing discourses of cultural diplomacy and/or cultural relations operate in different national contexts. The essay seeks in particular to scrutinize the current confusion surrounding cultural diplomacy and, in the context of the changing role of the nation-state, to explore its possibilities as an instrument for going beyond the national interest.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Nowadays, warfare is characterized by a huge intensity of fight, large investment in military technology that led to new ways of combat and increased its visibility. While the changing strategic, ...social and cultural features of this environment have forced governments and armies to add new fight strategies including public diplomacy, the public diplomacy itself transformed. Therefore, this article reviews current research in this field and presents a theoretical approach of the actual war. In this regard, the topic discussed is the battle between the Ukrainian and Russian military for image and legitimacy in the international public opinion. In the information age in which we live, the activities and capabilities of public diplomacy can have a significant impact on how people, organizations, and governments perceive this war. The purpose of the article is to examine the management of public diplomacy in the case of both actors involved in this war.
As part of their “Look East” foreign policy, the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have been focusing on enhancing their relations with several Asian countries, including Indonesia, which is ...the largest economy in Southeast Asia. The adoption of this policy has resulted in an apparent increase in cooperation between these Arab Gulf nations and Indonesia. There is a visible trend of growing cooperation between GCC countries and Indonesia, particularly during the first term of President Joko Widodo, covering areas from diplomacy, energy, and trade to investments. Although the expansion of diplomatic, energy and economic ties between both sides has been widely discussed in the literature, little attention has been paid to the public diplomacy strategies used by the GCC countries in their interactions with Indonesia. Realizing the limitations of their newly developing relationships with Indonesia and the importance of promoting a positive image to secure their political and economic interests in the region, the GCC countries are fully aware of the need for effective public diplomacy strategies. This research, therefore, aims to examine the public diplomacy strategies employed by the GCC countries towards Indonesia. These strategies can be arguably divided into four distinct groups: educational initiatives, cultural activities, religious studies and practices, as well as humanitarian aid. This study argues that while public diplomacy has increasingly become an integral part of the GCC countries’ strategies in establishing relations with Indonesia, the application of these strategies has been prevalent only among a few GCC countries in which extensive political and economic relations are already well forged with Indonesia.
PDF
