•L. variegatus is sensitive to environmentally-relevant concentration of BPA and BPS.•BPA and BPS retarded L. variegatus regeneration following fragmentation.•BPA and BPS increased pulsing rate of ...the dorsal blood vessel in L. variegatus.•The effects of BPA and BPS on L. variegatus were nearly identical.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a component of polycarbonate plastics and a near ubiquitous environmental endocrine disrupting chemical. Bisphenol S (BPS), a substitute of BPA, is also hormonally active. This study examines the effects of aqueous exposure to BPA and BPS on the freshwater annelids Lumbriculus variegatus, a keystone species in shallow water ecosystems. Both BPA and BPS, at both low dose (10−9 M) and high dose (10-6 M), retarded the initial phase of body regrowth after cutting/fragmentation, which is the main mode of reproduction of L. variegatus. Both acute and five day exposure to BPA and BPS increased pulse rate of the dorsal blood vessel. For all the measured endpoints, the effects of BPA and BPS were nearly indistinguishable. These results indicate that BPA and BPS have similar and significant effects on the physiology of L. variegatus. These findings have implication for the potential impact of these bisphenols on invertebrates in the ecosystem.
Many organisms share communication channels, generating complex signaling environments that increase the risk of signal interference. Variation in abiotic conditions, such as temperature, may further ...exacerbate signal interference, particularly in ectotherms. We tested the effects of temperature on the pulse rate of male signals in a community of Oecanthus tree crickets, and for one focal species we also assessed its effect on female pulse rate preferences and motivation to seek mates. We confirm prior findings of temperature‐dependent signals that result in increasing signal similarity at lower temperatures. Temperature also affected several aspects of female preferences: The preferred pulse rate value was temperature dependent, and nearly perfectly coupled with signal pulse rate; the range of pulse rate values that females found attractive also increased with temperature. By contrast, the motivation of females to perform phonotaxis was unaffected by temperature. Thus, at lower temperatures the signals of closely related species were more similar and females more discriminating. However, because signal similarity increased more strongly than female discrimination, signal interference and the likelihood of mismating may increase as temperatures drop. We suggest that a community approach will be useful for understanding the role of environmental variability in the evolution of communication systems.
Temperature can affect mating signals and preferences of ectotherms, altering the potential for interspecific signal interference. Here, we demonstrate that temperature has similar effects on the signals and preferences of O. forbesi tree crickets. Interestingly, temperature affects female tolerance for deviation in male signals, with implications for sexual selection and interspecific signal interference.
The neural circuits underlying divergent courtship behaviors of closely related species provide a framework for insight into the evolution of motor patterns. In frogs, male advertisement calls serve ...as unique species identifiers and females prefer conspecific to heterospecific calls. Advertisement calls of three relatively recently (∼8.5 Mya) diverged species -
,
and
- include rapid trains of sound pulses (fast trills). We show that while fast trills are similar in pulse rate (∼60 pulses s
) across the three species, they differ in call duration and period (time from the onset of one call to the onset of the following call). Previous studies of call production in
used an isolated brain preparation in which the laryngeal nerve produces compound action potentials that correspond to the advertisement call pattern (fictive calling). Here, we show that serotonin evokes fictive calling in
and
as it does in
As in
, fictive fast trill in
and
is accompanied by an
-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-dependent local field potential wave in a rostral hindbrain nucleus, DTAM. Across the three species, wave duration and period are strongly correlated with species-specific fast trill duration and period, respectively. When DTAM is isolated from the more rostral forebrain and midbrain and/or more caudal laryngeal motor nucleus, the wave persists at species-typical durations and periods. Thus, intrinsic differences within DTAM could be responsible for the evolutionary divergence of call patterns across these related species.
Health monitoring systems based on Sensors, IoT and Cloud server have gained popularity in recent time. In this work patient either wear small sensors or they are placed inside their body through the ...surgical means. They will sense health vitals and transmit them to central server for processing and storage. Doctors can remotely access the data at his convenience. Such sensor based monitoring system should be reliable and fault-free since it involves health data. However, it may be affected by several factors at different places and levels, like hardware failure, software problems, as well as errors during transmission. Health monitoring system should be fault preventive so that it can function properly and ensure seamless data transmission even in the presence of some faulty sensor nodes. In the present context we have designed a Fault Detection and Recovery Framework for sensor based remote health monitoring system which can detect faulty sensor nodes and can accordingly select alternative set of nodes to continue with the data transmission. Faulty nodes are restrained from taking part in data sensing and transmission till they behave properly or are replaced by other nodes. We have used Libelium MySignals HW (eHealth Medical Development Shield used in Arduino) v2 sensors, patient vitals are collected through three different sensors such as ECG, SpO2 and temperature sensor. Additionally arduino board Model UNO R3 is used as microcontroller device. Acquired sensor data are analyzed using proposed algorithm and simulated using MATLAB to detect node level faults and our proposed framework ensures reliable, seamless, accurate and timely data transmission.
Background: Anxiety is a normal reaction is for the individual against a very pressing situation. Individuals who experience anxiety when visiting the dentist called Dental Anxiety. Dental anxiety ...due to bad experiences in previous treatments. Physiological signs of anxiety is increased pulse rate. Listening to the Quran can provide a relaxing effect so it can reduce anxiety. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of listening to the Koran on the anxiety level of the patient before tooth extraction.Method: Quasi experiment study with pre-posttest with control group design was conducted on 38 extraction patient and divided into two groups: a control group that did not listen to the Quran and the treatment group who listened to the Quran before extraction. The pulse rate of control groups were measured at the time when patients came in and 5 minutes later. The pulse ate of treatment group were measured at the time when patients came in and after the patient were listened to Quran. Data were analyzed by Independent T-Test .Result: The result showed the average pulse rate in the treatment group before and after were 67.26 and 62.68, while the average pulse rate in the control group before and after were 65.89 and 65.84. Independent T-test results showed p=0.000, it's mean that there are significant differences of the pulse rate between the treatment group and the control group on the anxiety level of the patient before tooth extraction.Conclusion: It can be concluded that listening to the Quran could reduce patient anxiety before dental extraction.
OBJECTIVE:Currently, normative means and ranges of blood pressure (BP) and pulse rates in Japanese newborns are not available. The objective of the present study was to estimate BP, pulse rate, and ...their distribution among Japanese newborns.
METHODS:Using oscillometric devices, arm or calf BP and pulse rate levels were obtained from 3148 infants born between 2007 and 2014, consecutively at Suzuki Memorial Hospital, Iwanuma, Japan. Of those, data from 2628 full-term, singleton newborns with BP measured on day 3 after birth were analyzed.
RESULTS:Arm SBP/DBP and pulse rate in the reference group (n = 2628) were 70.5 ± 7.4/44.3 ± 6.7 mmHg and 117.3 ± 16.6 bpm, respectively. The 5–95th percentiles were 58–83 mmHg for SBP, 35–57 mmHg for DBP, and 91–145 bpm for pulse rate. Similar values were obtained from calf measurements. In multiple regression analysis, birth weight and spontaneous cephalic delivery were positively and light/deep sleep was inversely associated with higher arm SBP/DBP (P ≤ 0.04), whereas sex, Apgar score, gestational age, and motherʼs age did not significantly affect BP levels (P ≥ 0.06). Male sex, gestational age, spontaneous cephalic delivery, and light/deep sleep were inversely associated with higher pulse rate (P ≤ 0.02).
CONCLUSION:The present study is the first to show the distributions of Asian newborns’ BP levels and pulse rate. The assessment of newborns’ BP levels and pulse rate should consider birth weight, gestational age after birth, and actual condition at BP measurement.
The computational domain facilitates the performance of novel and innovative medical research and development tasks by providing support and computational power. This analysis method forecasts the ...future by analyzing the data we now have. The method may be divided into three primary phases: preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification. The research presented here aimed to improve the precision with which heart disease could be predicted across three distinct phases. The first step is thoroughly examining the databases kept at the UCI computer repository. In this study, we use the dataset’s five different algorithms, decision tree, Naive Bayes, random forest, KNN, and support vector machine, to compare their respective performances. In addition to age, the suggested revolutionary technique considers other characteristics such as pulse rate, cholesterol, and so on, which was not the case in earlier studies. In the past, age was the primary consideration in analysis and illness prediction. Compared to more traditional methods, improved prediction accuracy is achieved by modifying the study’s primitive properties. Third, this research introduced a novel hybrid classification model by fusing support vector machines and
k
-nearest neighbor classification techniques. A
k
-nearest neighbor classifier will do the heavy lifting to classify the data, while support vector machines will extract the dataset’s features. The accuracy rates for the various prediction methods decision tree, KNN, Naive Bayes, random forest, support vector machine, and proposed method range from 72.53% to 87.32% to 87.39% to 81.34%, respectively. The new technique decreases execution value by 5 % and increases accuracy by up to 8 %. The suggested model outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in terms of accuracy and implementation speed.
A noninvasive and unconstrained real-time method to detect the respiration rhythm and pulse rate during sleep is presented. By employing the agrave trous algorithm of the wavelet transformation (WT), ...the respiration rhythm and pulse rate can be monitored in real-time from a pressure signal acquired with a pressure sensor placed under a pillow. The waveform for respiration rhythm detection is derived from the 2 6 scale approximation, while that for pulse rate detection is synthesized by combining the 2 4 and 2 5 scale details. To minimize the latency in data processing and realize the highest real-time performance, the respiration rhythm and pulse rate are estimated by using waveforms directly derived from the WT approximation and detail components without the reconstruction procedure. This method is evaluated with data collected from 13 healthy subjects. By comparing with detections from finger photoelectric plethysmograms used for pulse rate detection, the sensitivity and positive predictivity were 99.17% and 98.53%, respectively. Similarly, for respiration rhythm, compared with detections from nasal thermistor signals, results were 95.63% and 95.42%, respectively. This study suggests that the proposed method is promising to be used in a respiration rhythm and pulse rate monitor for real-time monitoring of sleep-related diseases during sleep
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