El artículo reconstruye las políticas editoriales de Ángel Rama como director literario de la Biblioteca Ayacucho, haciendo hincapié en la formación de redes intelectuales en América Latina y en la ...consolidación de un canon latinoamericano no solo a partir de la selección de los títulos reeditados en la colección, sino también de sus paratextos, en particular los prólogos de cada volumen. Las reediciones de la Biblioteca Ayacucho buscan abarcar un conjunto de saberes para ofrecer a los lectores un conocimiento enciclopédico del espacio latinoamericano.
A suitably qualified person (SQP) is someone who has undergone training to advise and prescribe on certain types of veterinary medicines under the Veterinary Medicine Regulations 2013. This has many ...uses in businesses such as pet shops and veterinary practices to allow non veterinary surgeons to prescribe selected products. In veterinary practice is it is often the case that nurses become SQP's to allow them to prescribe in clinics, which takes pressure off the veterinary surgeons. This has many benefits, but also limitations. This article discusses how to become an SQP and whether or not the qualification is worthwhile to veterinary nurses in practice.
Ramachandran plots report the distribution of the (ϕ, ψ) torsion angles of the protein backbone and are one of the best quality metrics of experimental structure models. Typically, validation ...software reports the number of residues belonging to “outlier,” “allowed,” and “favored” regions. While “zero unexplained outliers” can be considered the current “gold standard,” this can be misleading if deviations from expected distributions are not considered. We revisited the Ramachandran Z score (Rama-Z), a quality metric introduced more than two decades ago but underutilized. We describe a reimplementation of the Rama-Z score in the Computational Crystallography Toolbox along with an algorithm to estimate its uncertainty for individual models; final implementations are available in Phenix and PDB-REDO. We discuss the interpretation of the Rama-Z score and advocate including it in the validation reports provided by the Protein Data Bank. We also advocate reporting it alongside the outlier/allowed/favored counts in structural publications.
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•Current standard of “zero unexplained Ramachandran outliers” can be misleading•We revisited Ramachandran Z score (Rama-Z) as a validation tool•We enhanced Rama-Z and developed an algorithm to estimate its uncertainty•We advocate reporting Rama-Z in structural publications and validation reports
Counting the number of Ramachandran outliers is not sufficient for protein backbone validation. Sobolev et al. revisited the underutilized Ramachandran Z score. The authors describe its reimplementation in Phenix and PDB-REDO and showcase its utility. They advocate including it in the validation reports provided by the Protein Data Bank.
Perhaps among the ancient literary works of India, the epics of Ramayana and Mahabharata are more significant and are the main pillars of the country’s epic literature. This epic narrates Rama’s ...life, the beloved Dasaratha’s son, Kosala land’s king, in exile with his wife Sita. These two paintings are recalled as symbols of purity and happiness in Hindu tradition. Rajasthani artists have depicted a painting of the wedding ceremony of Rama and Sita, which possesses the main characteristics of Hindu art, namely an emphasv is on the symbolic use of colors. This study aims to analyze the symbols and features used in this painting. The study was conducted using a descriptive-analytical method. The painters of the present work used colors to enhance the clarity of the images and have shown special attention to their symbolism. Each color has been used according to its identity, and elements such as building architecture and the arrangement of figures have been precisely positioned in the painting. The decorations and other components presented in this painting have adhered to specific principles for proper composition, guiding the viewer’s eye, and maintaining the positions of the characters. The overall composition of the painting is designed to reflect the customs and traditions of wedding ceremonies in India.
Panji Paniba of 1816 is a Panji story. It is built on a plot which is characteristic of Panji stories: four Javanese kingdoms in a Hindu setting, a princess who disappears and a prince, her fiancé, ...who finds her again. Another characteristic of Panji tales is the happy ending of marriages and successions to thrones. Interestingly in Panji Paniba a foreign king has a role to play. Crucial to our understanding of this particular version of Panji stories is the special attention it pays to types of marriages. Three types can be distinguished: proper, improper but repairable, and objectionable. How these are defined and how they influence the development of the narrative is the topic discussed in the present article.
The most popular story in all of India and a classic of world literature is summarised in 728 verses in the great epic Mahabharata. Intended for independent study or classroom use for students of ...various levels who have had a basic introduction to Sanskrit, this fully annotated edition of the Ramopakhyana supplies all the information required for complete comprehension. It contains the Devanagari text, Roman transliteration, sandhi analysis, Sanskrit prose equivalents to the verses, syntactic and cultural notes, and the English translation, and word-by-word grammatical analysis.
Overexpression of the acrAB genes regulated by RamA and overexpression of oqxAB regulated by RarA have been reported to mediate multidrug resistance in Gram-negative bacilli. In this study, ...regulation of acrAB and oqxAB simultaneously by the global regulator RamA was investigated in a multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate (KP22) resistant to tigecycline and other antimicrobials. KP22 overexpressed ramA due to a ramR mutation, along with an unexpected overexpression of oqxB. Deletion of ramA led to a 16-fold decrease in the tigecycline minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) with decreased expression of acrB (4.3-fold) and oqxB (7.1-fold) compared with KP22. Transcomplementation of KP22ΔramA with the wild-type ramA gene restored the tigecycline MIC and upregulation of the acrB (3.9-fold) and oqxB (4.0-fold) genes compared with KP22. When oqxB was knocked out, MICs of ciprofloxacin, olaquindox and nitrofurantoin were considerably decreased, while deletion of acrB led to MIC decreases for cefepime, piperacillin/tazobactam and tigecycline in addition to the above three antimicrobials. The results of electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that RamA could bind the promoter regions of both the acrAB and oqxAB operons. This study demonstrates for the first time that RamA can directly regulate multidrug resistance efflux pumps AcrAB and OqxAB in K. pneumoniae.
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