In
, the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump exports substrates, including antimicrobials, from the cell. Overexpression of AcrAB-TolC can occur after exposure to fluoroquinolones, leading to multidrug ...resistance. The expression of AcrAB-TolC in
is primarily regulated by the transcriptional activator RamA. However, other transcriptional activators, such as MarA, SoxRS, and Rob, can influence AcrAB-TolC expression. This study determined whether the overproduction or absence of RamA influences the mutation rate or the phenotype of mutants selected in
serovar Typhimurium SL1344 after ciprofloxacin exposure. The absence of RamA (SL1344
::
) resulted in mutation frequencies/rates similar to those of wild-type
Typhimurium SL1344. However, the overproduction of RamA (SL1344
::
) and, consequently, AcrB resulted in a significantly higher mutation frequency and rate than for wild-type
Typhimurium SL1344. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that in addition to selecting
mutants resistant to quinolones, SL1344 and SL1344
::
also produced multidrug-resistant (MDR) mutants, associated with mutations in
Conversely, mutations in SL1344
::
occurred in
only. Although transcriptional regulators such as SoxRS are believed to play a minor role in AcrAB-TolC regulation under antibiotic selective pressure, we show that
mutants can be selected after exposure to ciprofloxacin, including when RamA is absent. This demonstrates that under selective pressure,
can respond to increased efflux pump expression by mutating other AcrAB-TolC regulatory genes, allowing for the evolution of MDR. Understanding how
responds to antibiotic pressure in the absence/overproduction of RamA is important if targeting transcriptional regulators to alter efflux is to be considered an avenue for future drug discovery.
No hay directrices sobre el tratamiento óptimo de la rama secundaria (RS) en lesiones en bifurcación del tronco coronario izquierdo (TCI).
Ensayo clínico aleatorizado, multicéntrico y abierto que ...comparó una estrategia conservadora frente a una agresiva para el abordaje de la RS durante la intervención percutánea en lesiones bifurcadas del TCI. Aunque se diseñó para incluir a 700 pacientes, se terminó prematuramente debido a la baja tasa de reclutamiento. Se trataron 160 lesiones en bifurcación no verdaderas mediante implante de 1 stent sin inflado simultáneo de balones (técnica conservadora) o con la técnica de 1 stent con inflado simultáneo de balones obligatorio (estrategia agresiva). En 46 bifurcaciones verdaderas del TCI, se realizó un abordaje escalonado con estrategia conservadora (colocación del stent en el vaso principal y dilatación con balón de la RS si la estenosis residual era> 75%, y después implante de stent en la RS si la estenosis residual era> 50% o disección). El tratamiento electivo de 2 stents se usó como estrategia agresiva. El objetivo primario de fallo en la lesión diana fue el compuesto de muerte cardiaca, infarto de miocardio o revascularización de la lesión diana.
Entre las bifurcaciones no verdaderas, en el grupo tratado mediante estrategia conservadora, se utilizó una cantidad de contraste significativamente menor que con la estrategia agresiva. No hubo diferencias en el objetivo primario al año entre las 2 estrategias en las lesiones en bifurcación no verdaderas (el 6,5 frente al 4,9%; HRa=1,31; IC95%, 0,35-4,88; p=0,687) y las bifurcaciones verdaderas (el 17,6 frente al 21,7%; HRa=0,76; IC95%, 0,20-2,83; p=0,683).
En pacientes con lesiones del TCI en bifurcación, la estrategia conservadora en el tratamiento provisional de la RS tuvo un riesgo de fallo en la lesión diana al año similar al de una estrategia agresiva.
There are no guidelines regarding the most appropriate approach for provisional side branch (SB) intervention in left main (LM) bifurcation lesions.
The present prospective, randomized, open-label, multicenter trial compared conservative vs aggressive strategies for provisional SB intervention during LM bifurcation treatment. Although the trial was designed to enroll 700 patients, it was prematurely terminated due to slow enrollment. For 160 non-true bifurcation lesions, a 1-stent technique without kissing balloon inflation was applied in the conservative strategy, whereas a 1-stent technique with mandatory kissing balloon inflation was applied in the aggressive strategy. For 46 true bifurcation lesions, a stepwise approach was applied in the conservative strategy (after main vessel stenting, SB ballooning when residual stenosis> 75%; then, SB stenting if residual stenosis> 50% or there was a dissection). An elective 2-stent technique was applied in the aggressive strategy. The primary outcome was a 1-year target lesion failure (TLF) composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or target lesion revascularization.
Among non-true bifurcation lesions, the conservative strategy group used a smaller amount of contrast dye than the aggressive strategy group. There were no significant differences in 1-year TLF between the 2 strategies among non-true bifurcation lesions (6.5% vs 4.9%; HR, 1.31; 95%CI, 0.35-4.88; P=.687) and true bifurcation lesions (17.6% vs 21.7%; HR, 0.76; 95%CI, 0.20-2.83; P=.683).
In patients with a LM bifurcation lesion, conservative and aggressive strategies for a provisional SB approach have similar 1-year TLF rates.
Interannual variability of the Wyrtki jets is studied in the context of Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) wind‐forcing using a three dimensional numerical ocean ...model and observations. The boreal fall (October–November) Wyrtki jet is more significantly affected than the boreal spring (April–May) Wyrtki jet since both the IOD and ENSO tend to peak toward the end of the calendar year. Various statistical methods are used in an attempt to separate the impacts of the IOD and ENSO on these jets, with emphasis on the fall jet. The first two modes of an Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) decomposition account for about 90% and 85% of variability in zonal currents and wind stress respectively along the equator in the Indian Ocean, but EOF analysis does not cleanly separate out IOD and ENSO forcing and response. Partial correlation analysis reveals that IOD wind‐forcing and zonal equatorial current response are stronger on average than for ENSO and extend further west across the basin. Composite analysis of IOD only, ENSO only, and combined IOD and ENSO years provides a complementary definition of the relative contributions of these two phenomena on Wyrtki jet variability and in general is consistent with the results of the partial correlation analysis.
Key Points
Numerical simulation of Wyrtki jets
Influence of ENSO on Wyrtki jets
ENSO and IOD forcing on EIO is quantified
Erythropoietin (EPO) is the main regulator of erythropoiesis, and its receptor (EPOR) is expressed in various tissues, including tumors. Expression of EPOR in breast cancer tissue has been shown to ...correlate with expression of the estrogen receptor (ER). However, EPOR promotes proliferation in an EPO-independent manner. In patients with breast cancer, EPOR is associated with impaired tamoxifen response in ER-positive tumors, but not in ER-negative tumors. Furthermore, a positive correlation between EPOR/ER status and increased local cancer recurrence has been demonstrated, and EPOR expression is associated with G-protein coupled ER (GPER). Herein, we assessed the effects of EPOR on cell physiology and tamoxifen response in the absence of EPO stimulation using two cell lines that differ only in their EPOR expression status: RAMA 37 cells (low EPOR expression) and RAMA 37-28 cells (high EPOR expression). Alterations in cell growth, morphology, response to tamoxifen cytotoxicity, and EPOR-activated signal transduction were observed. RAMA 37 cells showed higher proliferation capacity without tamoxifen treatment, while RAMA 37-28 cells were more resistant to tamoxifen and proliferated more rapidly in the presence of tamoxifen. EPOR overexpression induced cell-morphology changes upon tamoxifen treatment, which resulted in the production of cell protrusions and subsequent cell death. Short-term treatment with tamoxifen (6 h) prompted RAMA 37 cells to acquired longer protrusions than RAMA 37-28 cells, which indicated a pre-apoptotic stage. Furthermore, prolonged treatment with tamoxifen (72 h) caused a greater reduction in RAMA 37 cell numbers, which indicated a higher rate of cell death. RAMA 37-28 cells showed prolonged activation of AKT signaling. We propose sustained AKT phosphorylation in EPOR-overexpressing cells as a mechanism that can lead to EPOR-induced tamoxifen resistance.
Objetivos: Determinar la viabilidad anatómica del aumento del continente del primer compartimento dorsal y comunicar la experiencia clínica de esta nueva técnica comparada con la liberación clásica.
...Materiales y Métodos: Estudio anatómico de 12 muñecas cadavéricas para comprobar el aumento del continente del primer compartimento y su relación con la rama sensitiva radial. Estudio clínico retrospectivo que incluyó a pacientes >18 años, sin cirugías previas, con tenosinovitis de De Quervain sin respuesta al tratamiento ortopédico, operados entre enero de 2014 y enero de 2019, y con un seguimiento mínimo de 12 meses. Veintidós pacientes fueron divididos en: grupo A (aumento) y grupo B (liberación simple). La edad promedio era 47 (grupo A) y 50 años (grupo B). La evaluación subjetiva incluyó la escala analógica visual para dolor, el puntaje QuickDASH y el cuestionario de satisfacción PSQ-18; el examen objetivo consistió en evaluaciones goniométrica y dinamométrica.
Resultados: El estudio anatómico demostró un aumento del continente del primer compartimento dorsal y una íntima relación con la rama sensitiva radial. El seguimiento promedio del estudio clínico fue 24 y 50 meses, en los grupos A y B, respectivamente. El puntaje promedio de la escala analógica visual para dolor fue 0,5/10 (grupo A) y 1/10 (grupo B). El índice de satisfacción fue del 97% en ambos grupos. El puntaje QuickDASH, las evaluaciones goniométrica y dinamométrica no arrojaron diferencias significativas.
Conclusión: La nueva plástica de aumento del continente del primer compartimento dorsal para tratar la tenosinovitis de De Quervain en este estudio anatomoclínico resultó eficaz y reproducible.
Palabras clave: Tenosinovitis de De Quervain; aumento; primer compartimento; rama sensitiva radial.Nivel de Evidencia: III
The article presents the results of the research conducted in leading construction enterprises. The research concerned the practical use of the Sectoral Qualifications Framework for the Construction ...Industry (SQFC) as a tool supporting HR management. The pilot implementation of SQFC took place in BUDIMEX S.A. and HOCHTIEF Poland as part of the project conducted by the Educational Research Institute “Supporting the first stage of implementation of the Integrated Qualifications System at the central administration level and institutions granting qualifications and ensuring the quality of awarding qualifications” co-financed from the European Social Fund under the Operational Program Knowledge, Education, Development (Priority II: Effective public policies for the labor market, economy and education, Measure 2.13 - Transparent and coherent National Qualifications System).
El trabajo aborda las entrevistas que Beatriz Sarlo realizó y publicó a Ángel Rama, Antonio Cándido y Antonio Cornejo Polar en el número octavo de Punto de Vista (PdV) como antesala al célebre ...encuentro de Campinas de 1983. Se analiza el espectro del diálogo organizado por Sarlo con tres de los intelectuales más importantes del latinoamericanismo de la segunda mitad del siglo XX a los fines de recuperar algunas claves de su lectura y reposicionar algunas variables teóricas abiertas por su reflexión a partir de aquel momento. Entendemos que el registro de esos pasos previos formó una hendidura, un guión en PdV, puesto que, a diferencia de Ángel Rama, es la única vez que Cándido y Cornejo Polar aparecen a lo largo de los 30 años en los que se editó la revista.
AbstractThis paper review the interviews that Beatriz Sarlo conducted and published with Ángel Rama, Antonio Cándido and Antonio Cornejo Polar in Punto de Vista (PdV) as a prelude to the famous “meeting in Campinas in 1983”. The spectrum of dialogue organized by Sarlo with the three most important intellectuals of Latin Americanism in the second half of the 20th century in order to recover some keys to their reading and reposition some theoretical variables opened by their reflection from that moment on. We understand that the record of those previous steps formed a gap, a script in PdV, since, unlike Ángel Rama, it is the only time that Cándido and Cornejo Polar appear throughout the 30 years in which the magazine was published.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7471214
A produção de gramas no Brasil Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas; Leandro José Grava de Godoy; Clarice Backes ...
Ornamental Horticulture (Campinas),
08/2020, Letnik:
26, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A história da grama cultivada no Brasil é algo recente se comparado às culturas agrícolas convencionais. Nesta revisão são descritos o início da produção de grama no Brasil e a introdução da grama ...Esmeralda, bem como o surgimento das Associações de Produtores de Grama que coincide com a forte expansão do setor. São apresentados também espécies e cultivares de gramas cultivadas no Brasil, sendo descritas as suas principais características. O texto relata também os poucos levantamentos de área de produção de grama no país, sendo possível avaliar a evolução do plantio e as características do mercado.
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