Examines the risks associated with the release of excessive nitrogen into the environment (climate change, depletion of the ozone layer, air pollution, water pollution, loss of biodiversity, ...deterioration of soil quality). The report also examines the uncertainty associated with the ability of nitrogen to move from one ecosystem to another and cause 'cascading effects'. In addition to better management of nitrogen risks at the local level, there is a need to consider the global risks associated with the continued increase in nitrous oxide concentrations and to prevent excess nitrogen in all its forms by developing cost-effective strategies for all its sources.
La communauté internationale prétend freiner la perte de biodiversité et maintenir les services rendus par les écosystèmes. Ces termes à la mode expriment-ils une nouvelle façon de concevoir la ...nature ? L’auteur analyse l’évolution des idées depuis le début du xxe siècle, où l’on se préoccupait de protéger la nature, jusqu’à nos jours, où il est question de gérer la biodiversité. Les bouleversements récents dans la façon dont les sciences appréhendent la nature mettent en évidence un renouvellement de paradigme. L’idée d’équilibre naturel a longtemps prévalu en écologie. Aujourd’hui, s’impose celle de changement permanent, qui appelle une réflexion éthique : comment repenser les valeurs qui fondent les relations homme-nature, sachant que la biodiversité s’inscrit dans une trajectoire ? Dans un contexte marqué par de nouveaux repères conceptuels et par l’urgence des prises de décision, les scientifiques se trouvent de plus en plus impliqués dans la mise en oeuvre de projets qui inscrivent une biodiversité « choisie » dans leurs objectifs. L’auteur ouvre la réflexion sur l’évolution qui en résulte nécessairement dans la pratique du métier de chercheur.
Biotska raznovrstnost v kmetijstvu (BRK) vključuje dele biotske raznovrstnosti, povezane s kmetijstvom in pridobivanjem hrane, med katerimi imajo poseben pomen genski viri. Temeljna izhodišča pravne ...ureditve varstva okolja in ohranjanja naravne dediščine so zapisani v Ustavi Republike Slovenije. V Sloveniji imamo celosten pristop urejanja pravnega varstva okolja, pri katerem je na samem vrhu celostni Zakon o varstvu okolja. Pod njim so posamezni zakoni, ki razčlenjujejo njegove določbe ter jih prilagajajo posebnostim varstvenega področja. Na področju varstva biotske raznovrstnosti in naravnih vrednot imamo Zakon o ohranjanju narave (ZON). Analiza je pokazala, da Zakon ne obravnava kmetijske biotske raznovrstnosti ter da se je njeno varstvo oblikovalo znotraj kmetijske zakonodaje, neodvisno od okoljske. V predpisih obeh se uporabljata neodvisni vrednostni lestvici naravnih dobrin (naravne vrednote oz. avtohtone sorte in pasme), ki nista povezani v logično celoto. Vključevanje varstva biotske raznovrstnosti v kmetijstvu v sistem okoljske zakonodaje bi bilo mogoče s spremembo ZON, in sicer z določilom o prenosu pristojnosti za agrobiodiverziteto na kmetijsko zakonodajo. Ustrezna povezava med okoljsko in kmetijsko zakonodajo na področju varstva genskih virov v kmetijstvu bi bila smiselna uporaba statusa naravne vrednote za tiste dele BRK, ki imajo za Slovenijo določeno kulturno, zgodovinsko in/ali znanstveno vrednost.
The book presents the taxonomy and systematics of bees (Anthophila) and their biology: the collection and transport of food, picky behavior of bees, which are linked to certain food plants, nesting ...methods, Cuckoo bees laying eggs in the nests of other species, behaviors and adaptations of males. In the chapter on the diversity of wild bees changes in the Slovenian fauna are described. In the author's opinion, they are mainly due to climate change and extreme weather conditions. The greater part of the book deals with the social life of bees, especially the primeval social forms that facilitate the understanding of the development of social communities. In the chapter Highways and byways of evolution author describes the long-term advantage of species with social or symbiotic connections over the species in which the dominance of the strongest and largest specimens in mutual combat increases the size of the specimens and reduces their number. He continues with a chapter on the various forms of social communities, with examples in bees. In the last chapter the families and genera of bees living in Slovenia are presented. Great value of the book are also 154 original photos of different species of bees, which illustrate their behavior in the wild.
Abstract This treatise investigates the poorly studied bird fauna of Mitidja Plain (Northern Algeria), with particular notes on the occurrence and expansion of new and alien species. Direct ...observations, supported by ornithological surveys carried out by Progressive Frequential Sampling (PFS), a version of a point count method, have allowed us to identify 125 bird species. These represent 31% of all species known from Algeria. The species recorded belong to 14 orders, 39 families and 37 genera. According to their biogeographic origins, 36 are Mediterranean, 32 Palearctic, 24 Holarctic, 17 European and 16 of European-Turkestani origin. The Mitidja Plain holds 60 resident-breeder species (48% of all registered species) and is a transit zone for many migratory species (summer and winter migrants constituting 20% and 14% of the total, respectively) and occasional visitors (RA = 12%). Among recently expanding species (introduced or local), the Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto and Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus, sampled by the spot-mapping method, experienced a very rapid population growth. The first observations of the former were made in 1996 in Algiers. Its numbers experienced a steep increase after 2002, starting from 5.75 pairs/10 ha to reach up to 31.5 pairs/10 ha in 2006. The same applies for the Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri, surveyed by direct-count at roosting sites. This species has been able to increase and reproduce since its first introduction into the wild in 1996. The increase in study species populations, especially the Rose-ringed Parakeet, may derive from good weather conditions that favoured the species through providing better feeding conditions, thus high reproduction outcomes.
Changes of past and present environment of Slovenia are discussed in nine papers, which were written by 21 authors, coming from 14 research organisations. Our aim is to increase multidisciplinary ...communication and cooperation between Slovenian researchers, working in the fields of palaeoecology and ecology. Research topics include: archaeozoology, biology, ecology, geoarchaeology, palynology, nature protection, dendrochronology, archaeobotany, geochemistry, Karst research and geography.
The book represents a detailed study of the fauna of drips and drip pools in six caves in Slovenia. Drips and drip pools are important because they are just about the only way of assessing the ...epikarst community. Using a special sampling device, it was possible to sample individual drips for extended periods of time. A total of 37 species of copepods were found in drips and drip pools. Significant differences in the fauna between drips and pools, presumably because of differential survival and reproduction in pools were found. Somewhat surprisingly it was found that the kind of pool, e.g., mud-bottomed compared to calcite bottomed, made little difference.
Sodobne teorije kurikularnega načrto vanja poudarjajo, da moramo - če razumemo kurikulum kot realno substanco vzgojno-izobraževalnega procesa - pri njegovem načrtovanju zajeti vso množico pojavov ...(kurikulumov), ki vplivajo na vzgojno-izobraževalne učinke. Na področju andragogike spada sem še zlasti upoštevanje potreb po izobraževanju ter skrb za povezovanje strategij poučevanja s strategijami učenja. To pa je uresničljivo, če se nacionalni kurikulum oblikuje po načelu odprtega načrtovanja, v mikroandragoških okoliščinah pa uporabimo procesno-razvojno strategijo načrtovanja. Ta pristop se namreč ujema s sistemskim integriranim pristopom ter Jarvisovim modelom pogajalskega kurikuluma, ki izhajata iz temeljnega andragoškega načela, to pomeni, da se interesi in sposobnosti odrasle osebe za izobraževanje povečujejo, če lahko sodeluje pri načrtovanju in izvedbi kurikuluma.
The attendants of the latest World Environmental Conference which took place in Johannesburg in 2002 found that the attitude towards the environment has not changed despite the two decade old ...adoptedagreements and commitments. On the contrary, the pressure on the environment is gradually increasing with the noticeable increase of pollution, diminishing of the non-renewable natural sources, exceeding of selfcleansing and recovery potential and the obliteration of environmental diversification. Therefore, theattendants of the conference again called upon the world public to immediately respect those orientations of the environmentally friendly, sustainable development that have already been outlined. Among the orientations stated in the Guiding Principles forSustainable Spatial Development of the European Continent, renewal is highlighted within the integral whole of building structure management. It has been proven through multi-layered research of historical development of inhabitation and settlements that it ispossible to achieve long-term preservation of healthy natural sources and the natural, cultural, religious and therefore environmental diversification as the fundamental value of quality residing only by performing a developmental renewal of the alreadyexisting features. However, achieving harmonious merging of the existing, of that which has a heritage value, by transformation and adding of the new, which must meet the new requirements and new needs, is a tiresome and demanding task. It must be aimed atlifting the existing general culture of residing (simply regulating the legislation does not suffice!). It has been proven through conditions in some of the developed countries of the united Europe that only high awareness among the population and a highly developed culture.
Regionalni pristop temelji na upoštevanju fizičnih, družbenih ter ekonomskih značilnosti pokrajine kar je osnova za celovito načrtovanje razvoja. Primer Slovensko Sredozemlje in trajnostni ravoj kaže ...pristop vključevanja javnosti v priprave načrta upravljanja z obalo. Ta proces narekuje iskanje novih oblik posredovanja ključnih vsebin zainteresiranim javnostim kar terja tudi njihovo dejavno opredelitev do različnih.
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