Indoor positioning systems (IPSs) locate objects in closed structures such as office buildings, hospitals, stores, factories, and warehouses, where Global Positioning System devices generally do not ...work. Most available systems apply wireless concepts, optical tracking, and/or ultrasound. This paper presents a standalone IPS using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. The concept is based on an object carrying an RFID reader module, which reads low-cost passive tags installed next to the object path. A positioning system using a Kalman filter is proposed. The inputs of the proposed algorithm are the measurements of the backscattered signal power propagated from nearby RFID tags and a tag-path position database. The proposed algorithm first estimates the location of the reader, neglecting tag-reader angle-path loss. Based on the location estimate, an iterative procedure is implemented, targeting the estimation of the tag-reader angle-path loss, where the latter is iteratively compensated from the received signal strength information measurement. Experimental results are presented, illustrating the high performance of the proposed positioning system.
A smartphone-based colorimetric reader (SBCR) was developed using a Samsung Galaxy SIII mini, a gadget (iPAD mini, iPAD4 or iPhone 5s), integrated with a custom-made dark hood and base holder ...assembly. The smartphone equipped with a back camera (5 megapixels resolution) was used for colorimetric imaging via the hood and base-holder assembly. A 96- or 24-well microtiter plate (MTP) was positioned on the gadget's screensaver that provides white light-based bottom illumination only in the specific regions corresponding to the bottom of MTP's wells. The pixel intensity of the captured images was determined by an image processing algorithm. The developed SBCR was evaluated and compared with a commercial MTP reader (MTPR) for three model assays: our recently developed human C-reactive protein sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), horseradish peroxidase direct ELISA, and bicinchoninic acid protein estimation assay. SBCR had the same precision, dynamic range, detection limit and sensitivity as MTPR for all three assays. With advanced microfabrication and data processing, SBCR will become more compact, lighter, inexpensive and enriched with more features. Therefore, SBCR with a remarkable computing power could be an ideal point-of-care (POC) colorimetric detection device for the next-generation of cost-effective POC diagnostics, immunoassays and diversified bioanalytical applications.
Up till now, various techniques have been developed to detect kanamycin in biological samples. However, due to some problems involved in these methods including time-consuming, expensive equipment ...and high consumption of reagents, new strategies for detection and quantitative determination of kanamycin are needed. Aptamer-based biosensors with unique recognition capability have attracted more attention of scientists because of its rapid response, high sensitivity and simple fabrication. Hence, we summarized optical and electrochemical kanamycin aptasensors and focuses on recent advances and modern techniques in aptasensor-based kanamycin detection techniques in order to provide readers with an inclusive understanding of its improvement and progress.
•Kanamycin has been widely used to treat serious infections•Kanamycin has a narrow therapeutic index.•Aptamer-based biosensors have attracted more attention of scientists.•Hence, we summarized optical and electrochemical kanamycin aptasensors.
Sentiment analysis (SA) has become one of the most active and progressively popular areas in information retrieval and text mining due to the expansion of the World Wide Web (WWW). SA deals with the ...computational treatment or the classification of user’s sentiments, opinions and emotions hidden within the text. Aspect extraction is the most vital and extensively explored phase of SA to carry out the classification of sentiments in precise manners. During the last decade, enormous number of research has focused on identifying and extracting aspects. Therefore, in this survey, a comprehensive overview has been attempted for different aspect extraction techniques and approaches. These techniques have been categorized in accordance with the adopted approach. Despite being a traditional survey, a comprehensive comparative analysis is conducted among different approaches of aspect extraction, which not only elaborates the performance of any technique but also guides the reader to compare the accuracy with other state-of-the-art and most recent approaches.
Histone methylation reader domains are protein modules that recognize specific histone methylation marks, such as methylated or unmethylated lysine or arginine residues on histones. These reader ...proteins play crucial roles in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, chromatin structure, and DNA damage repair. Dysregulation of these proteins has been linked to various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and developmental disorders. Therefore, targeting these proteins with chemical inhibitors has emerged as an attractive approach for therapeutic intervention, and significant progress has been made in this area. In this review, we will summarize the development of inhibitors targeting histone methylation readers, including MBT domains, chromodomains, Tudor domains, PWWP domains, PHD fingers, and WD40 repeat domains. For each domain, we will briefly discuss its identification and biological/biochemical functions, and then focus on the discovery of inhibitors tailored to target this domain, summarizing the property and potential application of most inhibitors. We will also discuss the structural basis for the potency and selectivity of these inhibitors, which will aid in further lead generation and optimization. Finally, we will also address the challenges and strategies involved in the development of these inhibitors. It should facilitate the rational design and development of novel chemical scaffolds and new targeting strategies for histone methylation reader domains with the help of this body of data.
Many students in the upper elementary grades and beyond uniquely struggle with reading comprehension, necessitating explicit instruction and remediation in this area. This study used data-based ...decision-making (DBDM), a research-based systematic approach to student data collection and analysis, to intensify the evidence-based Strategies for Reading Information and Vocabulary Effectively (STRIVE) reading comprehension intervention. Results indicate that students who received DBDM to intensify STRIVE and students who received STRIVE alone outperformed students in a business-as-usual comparison condition on a researcher-designed vocabulary mastery measurement. Other findings, future directions, and implications for research and teaching are also discussed.
Reading in Arabic is challenging for many early learners. To improve Arabic reading fluency, a new textbook (IQRA) was designed to enhance the visual characteristics of Arabic and, thus, help ...children recognize the Arabic orthography. Despite promising behavioral improvement, it is unknown whether this improvement is associated with accelerated development of the brain’s reading network, which develops over many years. Thus, the goal of this study was to measure brain responses to Arabic print in early readers enrolled in IQRA instruction. Reading was assessed and electroencephalography (EEG) responses were collected from 49 first-grade children in the UAE (N = 27 IQRA treatment, N = 22 control) while completing a single EEG task at the end of the school year. Behavioral measures of word identification revealed a slight improvement for IQRA children compared to their peers in control classrooms. EEG responses suggest improved familiarity with Arabic in IQRA children as well as increased print-specific response, though the latter finding did not survive correction for multiple comparisons. These findings suggest a modest effect of the IQRA curriculum on neural responses to print in young readers. Future work is needed to understand the long-term impact of IQRA on the reading brain.
Twentieth-Century American Fiction in Circulation is a study of the twentieth-century linked story collection in the United States. It emphasizes how the fictional form grew out of an established ...publishing model—individual stories printed in magazines, revised and expanded into single-author volumes that resemble novels—which creates multiple contexts for the reception of this literature. By acknowledging the prior appearance of stories in periodicals, the book examines textual variants and the role of editorial emendation, drawing on archival records (drafts and correspondence) whenever possible. It also considers how the pages of magazines create a context for the reception of short stories that differs significantly from that of the single-author book.
The chapters explore how short stories, appearing separately then linked together, excel at representing the discontinuity of modern American life, convey the multifaceted identity of a character across episodes, mimic the qualities of oral storytelling, and illustrate struggles of belonging within and across communities. The book explains the appearance and prevalence of these narrative strategies at particular cultural moments in the evolution of the American magazine, examining a range of periodicals such as The Masses, Saturday Evening Post, Partisan Review, Esquire, and Ladies’ Home Journal. The primary linked story collections studied are Sherwood Anderson’s Winesburg, Ohio (1919), William Faulkner’s The Unvanquished (1938), Mary McCarthy’s The Company She Keeps (1942), John Barth’s Lost in the Funhouse (1968), and Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club (1988).
Translation is in motion. Technological developments, digitalisation and globalisation are among the many factors affecting and changing translation and, with it, translation studies. Moving ...Boundaries in Translation Studies offers a bird’s-eye view of recent developments and discusses their implications for the boundaries of the discipline. With 15 chapters written by leading translation scholars from around the world, the book analyses new translation phenomena, new practices and tools, new forms of organisation, new concepts and names as well as new scholarly approaches and methods. This is key reading for scholars, researchers and advanced students of translation and interpreting studies.
The alkylation of isobutane with butene is an important refining process for the production of a complex mixture of branched alkanes, which is an ideal blending component for gasoline. The current ...catalysts used in industrial processes are concentrated H
2
SO
4
and HF, which have problems including serious environmental pollution, equipment corrosion, potential safety hazard, high energy consumption in waste acid recycling,
etc
. Solid catalysts are another type of catalyst for this alkylation; however, they suffer from problems related to rapid deactivation. Ionic liquids (ILs) can be considered as catalysts of the third generation to replace traditional catalysts in isobutane/butene alkylation to produce clean oil. In this review, alkylation catalyzed by various kinds of acidic ILs, including Lewis acidic ILs (such as chloroaluminate ones) and ILs containing Brønsted acidic functional groups (
e.g.
, -SO
3
H, HSO
4
−
), is reviewed. The currently reported ILs used in the catalysis of isobutane alkylation and their corresponding catalytic activity are summarized and compared. This will help the readers to know what kinds of ILs are effective for the alkylation of isobutane with butene and to understand which factors affect the catalytic performance. The advantages of the catalysis of isobutane/butene alkylation by ILs include tunable acidity of the catalyst by varying the ion structure, limited solubility of the products in the IL phase and therefore easy separation of the alkylate from the catalyst, environmental friendliness, less corrosion of equipment,
etc.
, thus making catalysis by ILs greener. The mechanism and kinetics of the alkylation catalyzed by ILs are discussed. Finally, perspectives and challenges of the isobutane/butene alkylation catalyzed by ILs are given.
This article provides a comprehensive review on the catalysis of isobutane/butene alkylation by ionic liquids for clean oil production.
