Reconfigurability is a desired characteristic of future communication networks. From a transceiver's standpoint, this can be materialized through the implementation of fluid antennas (FAs). An FA ...consists of a dielectric holder, in which a radiating liquid moves between pre-defined locations (called ports) that serve as the transceiver's antennas. Due to the nature of liquids, FAs can practically take any size and shape, making them both flexible and reconfigurable. In this paper, we deal with the outage probability of FAs under general fading channels, where a port is scheduled based on selection combining. An analytical framework is provided for the performance with and without errors due to post-scheduling delays. We show that although FAs achieve maximum diversity, this cannot be realized in the presence of delays. Hence, a linear prediction scheme is proposed that overcomes delays and restores the lost diversity by predicting the next scheduled port. Moreover, we design space-time coded modulations that exploit the FA's sequential operation with space-time rotations and code diversity. The derived expressions for the pairwise error probability and average word error rate give an accurate estimate of the performance. We illustrate that the proposed design attains maximum diversity, while keeping a low-complexity receiver, thereby confirming the feasibility of FAs.
In this study, the authors propose a simple and tighter approximation to an integral representing the average of the product of two Gaussian Q functions over parametric $\eta -\mu $η−μ and $\kappa ...-\mu $κ−μ fading channels. This facilitates the symbol error probability computation of most of the coherent digital modulation techniques over $\eta -\mu $η−μ and $\kappa -\mu $κ−μ fading distributions. In order to improve the error performance of these digital modulation schemes, maximal-ratio combining (MRC) diversity reception is also employed. Moreover, since $\eta -\mu $η−μ and $\kappa -\mu $κ−μ are generic fading scenarios, the widely used popular fading models like Rayleigh, one-sided Gaussian, Nakagami-m, Nakagami-q and Rician can be unified under one umbrella. This study also gives an insight of the asymptotic approximations of the proposed integrals. In addition, the analytical framework is validated with the help of Monte Carlo simulations, which enables an easy practical implementation of the proposed work.
This research article focuses on the reception analysis about the opinions and comments of the teachers of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah and Madrasah Diniyah in Palengaan District, Pamekasan toward the ...translation of Tarbiyatus Shibyan book by Habibullah Bin Rais Ibrahim, the leader of Al-Is’af Islamic Boarding School, Klaba’an, Sumenep. This research reports about the general opinion of the teachers about the translation of that book as well as their opinions about the weaknesses and advantages of Arabic to Madurese translation in this book, for instance about the use of less suitable words (harsh words) and the use of some words are difficult to understand because of too polite (ancient). For example, the in giving the meaning of the word غائط, it is translated by the word “taeh (a very impolite Madurese language of ‘feces’)”, it should be changed by using more polite word of “tenjeh” to be better to hear. And also, the use of ancient Madurese language such as أبنداغ، ننداغه، لوداغ, etc which should also be changed by using more understandable words.
RESUMO Fernanda Gomes tem se destacado no cenário artístico nacional por apresentar um trabalho pouco dócil ao sistema que o contém. Nosso intento nesta reflexão será demonstrar como sua obra (ou ...melhor, suas exposições-obras), amplamente perpassada pelas pequenas percepções e pela atenção exaustiva, formula uma estratégia de recepção singular – distinta da fugacidade da atenção hodierna e da intensiva discursividade do campo contemporâneo das artes. A hipótese de uma recepção singular é amparada pela constante recusa em atribuir nomes a obras e exposições (corriqueiramente intituladas com seu próprio nome, mais por insuficiência que por intenção), a insistência em destituir o poder das interferências discursivas curatoriais, sem que com isso suplemente o campo semântico do trabalho com sua própria subjetividade e vida.
Cet élégant ouvrage de 218 pages, paru en 2019, est consacré à Johan Huizinga, figure incontournable et dans le même temps marginalisée voire oubliée du paysage de la médiévistique française. L’année ...2019 correspond au centième anniversaire de la parution d’un des ouvrages d’histoire médiévale les plus connus Herfsttij der Middeleeuwen. Studie over levens- en gedachtenvormen der veertiende en vijftiende eeuw in Frankrijk en de Nederlanden. D’abord traduit en anglais et en allemand dès 1924, i...
Le numéro de Médiévales coordonné par Alban Gautier et Laurent Vissières s’appuie sur un appel à communications ayant donné lieu à une réception d’articles riche et visiblement variée. Neuf articles ...ont été retenus pour ce numéro, et sont consacrés à des séries télévisées animées ou, le plus souvent, en live-action, qui sont en grande majorité des productions récentes voire encore inachevées – même si le numéro propose des renvois ponctuels vers des programmes plus anciens de la télévision fr...
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare masked English speech recognition thresholds between Spanish-English bilingual and English monolingual children and to evaluate effects of age, ...maternal education, and English receptive language abilities on individual differences in masked speech recognition. Method: Forty-three Spanish-English bilingual children and 42 English monolingual children completed an English sentence recognition task in 2 masker conditions: (a) speech-shaped noise and (b) 2-talker English speech. Two age groups of children, younger (5-6 years) and older (9-10 years), were tested. The predictors of masked speech recognition performance were evaluated using 2 mixed-effects regression models. In the 1st model, fixed effects were age group (younger children vs. older children), language group (bilingual vs. monolingual), and masker type (speech-shaped noise vs. 2-talker speech). In the 2nd model, the fixed effects of receptive English vocabulary scores and maternal education level were also included. Results: Younger children performed more poorly than older children, but no significant difference in masked speech recognition was observed between bilingual and monolingual children for either age group when English proficiency and maternal education were also included in the model. English language abilities fell within age-appropriate norms for both groups, but individual children with larger receptive vocabularies in English tended to show better recognition; this effect was stronger for younger children than for older children. Speech reception thresholds for all children were lower in the speech-shaped noise masker than in the 2-talker speech masker. Conclusions: Regardless of age, similar masked speech recognition was observed for Spanish-English bilingual and English monolingual children tested in this study when receptive English language abilities were accounted for. Receptive English vocabulary scores were associated with better masked speech recognition performance for both bilinguals and monolinguals, with a stronger relationship observed for younger children than older children. Further investigation involving a Spanish-dominant bilingual sample is warranted given the high English language proficiency of children included in this study.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Abstract
Moving away from the nineteenth century’s concern with
Quellenforschung
, serious study of Valerius Maximus’
Facta et dicta memorabilia
in the twentieth century produced a variety of ...different approaches to this Tiberian text of exemplary tales. One of the most interesting projects in this regard was produced by T.F. Carney, who scrutinised a key exemplar, Gaius Marius, across the work. In constructing a ‘biography’ from the
exempla
themselves, Carney’s labour contributed much to Roman history generally, but also pioneered a novel methodology for reading Valerius Maximus—one that was taken up and imitated by later scholars. This methodology, however, is not without problems, particularly in relation to the way that Valerius has shaped, structured, and arranged his work at the level of chapter. By building upon Carney’s methodology, but also considering the context of the individual chapters themselves, I provide in this paper a case study of the way in which Valerius writes the life of Marcus Tullius Cicero—a figure unique in the
Facta et dicta memorabilia
in being both exemplar and a major source for the work. In doing so, this article elucidates the process of ‘exemplary biography’.
Orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) modulation, which encodes information symbols in the delay-Doppler domain, offers a promising solution to the problem of high Doppler sensitivity of orthogonal ...frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission. In this letter we study the diversity of OTFS assuming rectangular waveforms and a delay-Doppler channel with two paths. After introducing the concept of effective diversity (ED), which we argue to be more significant than "standard" diversity in the case of a large number of transmitted symbols, we examine the conditions under which OTFS achieves full ED for QAM symbols. We validate our analytical results through numerical simulations, which show that OTFS practically achieves full ED with sufficiently large signal constellations.
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