Aims
SMARTEST is a register-based randomized clinical trial (RRCT) that compares dapagliflozin to metformin in early-stage type 2 diabetes. The primary outcome includes progression of microvascular ...complications based on data from the Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR). In this sub-study, the aim was to validate microvascular complication variables in the NDR against electronic health records (EHRs).
Methods
Data were extracted from EHRs of 276 SMARTEST participants with a median observation period of 3 years in the Uppsala, Örebro and Sörmland counties and compared with NDR data. Agreement was determined for all corresponding data entries as well as for progression of microvascular complications after randomization.
Results
The agreement for all corresponding data entries was 98.9% (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient 0.999) for creatinine and eGFR, 95.1% for albuminuria, 91.6% for foot-at-risk and 98.2% for retinopathy status (Kappa 0.67-0.91). The agreement for progression of microvascular complications was 98.0% for CKD stage, 98.9% for albuminuria grade, 96.3% for foot-at-risk grade and 99.6% for retinopathy grade progression (Gwet’s AC1 0.96-1.00).
Conclusion
Microvascular complication variables in the NDR show good agreement with EHR data. The use of a well-established national health care registry, exemplified by the NDR, for endpoint collection in RRCTs such as SMARTEST is supported by this study.
Introduction
Non-pharmacological treatment like psychotherapy is associated with less side effects than pharmacological treatment and is often considered first-line treatment towards psychiatric ...disorders. The extent and variation of psychotherapy treatment offered in Danish psychiatric clinics over time has not previously been studied.
Objectives
To examine the nationwide use of psychotherapy treatment during 2001-2020 in individuals assigned with a psychiatric disorder diagnosis at Danish psychiatric clinics.
Methods
All Danish individuals aged ≥ 3 years, who were registered with 1) a psychiatric disorder diagnosis (F10-F99) or 2) had a first psychotherapy treatment during the study period 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2020, were identified in the Danish National Patient Registry.
Results
A total of 120,916 (27 %) study participants received psychotherapy treatment during the study period, most commonly individual psychotherapy (65 %) followed by group therapy (25 %). Adults (≥18 years) were more likely to receive therapy (34 %) than children and adolescents aged 3-17 years (15 %). The proportion of treated patients was highest among women (67 %) compared with men (33 %). The median age at first psychotherapy was 25 years (ranging from 19 to 33). 59 % of patients receiving psychotherapy had filled a psychotropic prescription within one year prior to therapy onset, particularly antidepressants (44 %) and antipsychotics (22 %).
Conclusions
The use of psychotherapy for treatment of psychiatric disorders is limited among Danish patients, although national clinical guidelines recommend it as first-line treatment of common conditions such as depressive, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders.
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
Using a corpus-based multi-dimensional analysis, this study investigates the linguistic features and variation of corporate blogs from four industries: Service industry, the Wholesale and Retail ...Trade industry, the Manufacturing industry, and Information industry. The primary goal of this study is to examine the linguistic variation in corporate blogs from different industries. The data used for the current study is a 570,745-word corpus consisting of 995 textual posts from 40 top-ranked corporate blogs. In the multi-dimensional analysis, 67 linguistic features in the corpus are tagged, counted and normalized by using a Multidimensional Analysis Tagger (MAT). We imported the output files containing relevant statistical information from the MAT and then to SPSS 25.0 for a further
-test analysis. Overall, the corporate blogs are closest to the text type of general narrative exposition. The study finds that, as a hybrid genre, corporate blogs are basically informationally dense, non-narrative, interactive, and contextually independent. There are some statistically significant differences between four sub-corpora in corporate blogs. In particular, the Wholesale & Retail Trade sub-corpus is the most distinctive one that is significantly different from others on many dimensions, characterized by giving instructions, or telling stories, rather than persuading their audiences to do something.
Logic built-in self-test (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\text{LBIST}</tex-math> </inline-formula>) is important for in-field testing. In a storage-based <inline-formula> <tex-math ...notation="LaTeX">\text{LBIST}</tex-math> </inline-formula> approach, deterministic test data are stored on-chip and used for applying tests that are closer to deterministic tests than pseudorandom tests. Using the same stored test data for applying several different tests allows the volume of test data stored on-chip to be reduced, and the fault coverage to be increased. This observation was applied earlier in two ways: 1) by complementing bits of stored test data or applied tests to form additional tests and 2) by forming different tests from different combinations of stored test data entries that are obtained by partitioning deterministic tests. Partitioning was applied earlier to uncompressed deterministic tests. In this article, partitioning is applied for the first time to compressed deterministic tests. Under the resulting <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\text{LBIST}</tex-math> </inline-formula> approach, tests are formed on-chip using pseudorandom combinations of partitioned compressed tests. A software procedure is described for deriving a reduced set of test data entries for on-chip storage. With compressed tests, the storage requirements are already reduced, and they are reduced further by the software procedure. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\text{LBIST}</tex-math> </inline-formula> approach considering both single stuck-at and single-cycle gate-exhaustive faults in benchmark circuits.
Objective:
To investigate the accuracy of a diagnosis of pediatric bipolar disorder in the Danish National Register compared to the patient charts. Second, we reported on the occurrence of a ...diagnosis of pediatric bipolar disorder during the study period.
Methods:
All persons appearing in the Danish nationwide registers between 1995 and 2014 with an incident ICD-10 diagnosis of single hypomanic/manic episode or a diagnosis of bipolar disorder (summarized as bipolar disorder BD) before turning 18 years were identified (n = 521) and a random sample (n = 131) hereof was selected for chart review. Each chart was reviewed by two independent Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) certified raters to assess whether symptoms documented in the chart were consistent with a formal diagnosis of BD according to the ICD-10 criteria or not.
Results:
The formal diagnostic criteria for BD according to the ICD-10 were fulfilled in 48 charts (45.3%, 95% CI: 36.1%, 54.8%) out of 106 reviewable charts, age at index = 16.4 ± 1.6 (range = 9.1–18.3) years. Cohen’s Kappa ranged from 94.4% to 100%. The estimate of a lifetime prevalence up till the current age for bipolar disorder for those of aged 5–18 years, was 0.019% in 2014.
Conclusion:
Less than half of the register-based pediatric BD diagnoses were confirmed by chart review, which was lower than expected. The occurrence of a register diagnosis of pediatric BD was relatively low.
Finite State Machine (FSM) is widely used in electronic systems and its reliability is critical to the system. Ionizing radiation induced soft error is one of the major concerns in the design of ...electronic systems, especially in avionics or space applications. Nowadays, the majority of electronic systems relies on single-error correction, double-error detection (SEC-DED) codes to mitigate soft errors. However, the presence of multiple bit upsets is becoming more prevalent as CMOS technology scales down. In addition, state registers in FSMs usually have variable bit-widths and have strict requirement on encoding and decoding delay, which poses challenges for error mitigation techniques. This paper presents an Error Detection and Correction (EDAC) code for state register protection, which can achieve single-error correction, double-error correction and triple-adjacent-error correction (SEC-DEC-TAEC) ability. The proposed code can be used to protect data with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">4n </tex-math></inline-formula> bit-width (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">n=2,3,4,\ldots </tex-math></inline-formula>) using one common encoder and decoder code block and introduces minimal delay. Experiment results show that the proposed code has better error correction ability than most existing MCU correction codes. Besides, it reduces area occupation by 30% and delay by 15% compared with Orthogonal Latin Square (OLS) code in the case of 8 bit-width data.
Despite stringent testing protocols, there always remains a chance of a delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR) occurring as a result of an undetected or unknown antibody. In this systemic ...review and meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate improvements to patient outcomes that could be achieved through the implementation of a national antibody registry. A series of searches through PubMed and SCOPUS identified a collection of articles with relevant information, restricted to full text, English language articles available through the RMIT Library service. 25 articles were considered for the review, four of these found to have relevant, extractable data for use in the meta-analysis. Alloantibody evanescence rates were analysed for the potential for reducing DHTRs associated with transfusion services, returning significant results indicating antibody evanescence rates of up to 68.4% in one study, with p-values less than 0.001. Due to the small number of included studies however, the interference values were quite high for these analyses at greater than 90% for each. Additional, beneficial side-effects of such a system were also considered, along with reductions in DHTRs. In conclusion it was determined that a National antibody registry would contribute to improving patient outcomes, however further studies could be performed to determine a stronger correlation, and exact levels of improvement that could be achieved.
This paper suggests a method which can reduce the number of TFTs of oxide TFT shift registers for narrow bezel display devices. The proposed circuit is the extended version of a previous study that ...contains node‐sharing structure with LTPS TFTs. With further consideration about the depletion‐mode oxide TFT, this circuit also achieves a stable operation with node‐sharing structure. The simulation results verify that all the pull‐up nodes with separating TFTs are boosted enough without any voltage degradation of output pulses.
Studies concerning total ankle arthroplasty could be influenced by several forms of bias. Independent national arthroplasty registries represent objective data on survival and patient reported ...outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine survival and identify risk factors for early failure in a nationwide series of total ankle arthroplasties from the Dutch Arthroplasty Register (LROI).
Data of 810 patients, who received 836 total ankle arthroplasties between 2014 and 2020 were obtained from the Dutch Arthroplasty Register (LROI) with a median follow-up of 38 months (range 1–84 months). Survival was expressed in Kaplan-Meier analysis and associated hazard ratios for implant failure were determined. Implant failure was defined as the need for revision surgery for any reason or (pan)arthrodesis.
During follow-up, we recorded 39 failures (4.7%) resulting in a implant survival of 95.3% with a median follow-up of 38 months (range 1–84 months). Medial malleolus osteotomy (HR = 2.27), previous surgery (HR = 1.83), previous osteotomy (HR = 2.82) and previous ligament reconstruction (HR = 2.83) all showed potentially clinically meaningful associations with a higher incidence of implant failure, yet only previous OCD treatment (HR = 6.21), BMI (HR = 1.09) and age (HR = 0.71) were statistically significant.
Excellent short-term survival (95.3%) with a median follow-up of 38 months was reported for TAA patients from the Dutch Arthroplasty Register. Patients with a lower age, a higher BMI or who had a prior surgical OCD treatment before TAA surgery appear to have a higher risk for revision after short-term clinical follow-up. Thorough patient selection with emphasis on risk factors associated with early implant failure might be essential to improve TAA survivorship.
Research suggests that heredity and early fetal development play a causal role in autism. This case-control study explored the association between perinatal factors, parental psychiatric history, ...socioeconomic status, and risk of autism. The study was nested within a cohort of all children born in Denmark after 1972 and at risk of being diagnosed with autism until December 1999. Prospectively recorded data were obtained from nationwide registries in Denmark. Cases totaled 698 children with a diagnosis of autism; each case was individually matched by gender, birth year, and age to 25 controls. Analyses by conditional logistic regression produced risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Adjusted analyses showed that the risk of autism was associated with breech presentation (risk ratio (RR) = 1.63, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18, 2.26), low Apgar score at 5 minutes (RR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.10, 3.27), gestational age at birth <35 weeks (RR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.55, 3.86), and parental psychiatric history (schizophrenia-like psychosis: RR = 3.44, 95% CI: 1.48, 7.95; affective disorder: RR = 2.91, 95% CI: 1.65, 5.14). Analyses showed no statistically significant association between risk of autism and weight for gestational age, parity, number of antenatal visits, parental age, or socioeconomic status. Results suggest that prenatal environmental factors and parental psychopathology are associated with the risk of autism. These factors seem to act independently.
PDF
