A large-scale energy renovation intervention in existing buildings has been consistently presented as the most significant opportunity to contribute to achieving the European targets for 2030 and ...2050. One of the key points for such achievement is the cost-effectiveness of the interventions proposed, which is also closely related to decent housing affordability. Prefabricated modular solutions have been pointed out as a pathway, but there are knowledge gaps regarding both its cost-effectiveness and its environmental performance. Considering a social housing multi-family building in Porto, Portugal, as a case study, this research employs energy simulations, a cost-optimal methodology and a life cycle analysis approach to assess the influence of considering embodied energy and emissions in cost-effectiveness calculations. In general terms, the hierarchical relation between calculated renovation scenarios remain identical, as well as the choice of the cost-optimal combination, which can reduce primary energy needs by 226 kWh/(y.m2). However, embodied carbon emissions and embodied energy of the materials used in the calculations, which are indicative of the sustainability of such interventions, increase the energy and carbon emissions associated to each renovation package by an average of 43 kWh/(y.m2) and 9.3 kgCO2eq/(y.m2), respectively.
This article is a study of the physical and social transformation of the Parisian quartier of Belleville since the 19th century. Immigration history and urban renovation have interacted and ...contributed to or limited the gentrification of the quartier. Certain features are known to affect the type and extent of gentrification: the nature of migrant communities; the legal status of migrants; ethnic relations between migrant and host communities; poverty; crime rates; social diversity and insalubrious housing stock. These factors will be examined in relation to Belleville with a focus on the four significant stages of urban renovation: the transformation of Paris under Haussmann and its flow-on effects; the post-WWII reconstruction period, marked principally by the Plan d’Aménagement et d’Organisation Générale de Paris (PADOG); the makeover of north-eastern Paris towards the end of the 20th century in the form of the Plan programme de l’est de Paris; and the ongoing results and repercussions of this makeover. The evidence points to the quartier being in a stage of partial gentrification. The potential for this process to extend to a state of mature gentrification will be examined with reference to quartiers such as the Marais.
With emphasis on constructing low-carbon cities, the renovation of old communities highlights the importance of renewing rainwater management facilities. Rain garden is an exceptional Nature-based ...Solution for rainwater management. When applying them to renovate old communities, the carbon footprint should be considered. This study focused on renovating facilities in the Greater Bay Area and utilized the Energy Expert platform to calculate rain garden carbon footprint with the Life Cycle Assessment. The carbon reduction benefits during the operation were estimated. This study accounting the life cycle carbon footprint of the 5455 m2 rain garden was 1117.42 tCO2e. The carbon footprint contribution, from highest to lowest was the end-of-life phase, materials production phase, construction phase, use and maintenance phase. Regarding carbon emission inventory, waste soil landfill, fertilizer acquisition, and waste soil recycling ranked high. Transportation also accounted for a remarkable carbon emission. The rain garden showed great potential for climate change mitigation, with a total and net carbon reduction of 1927.41 and 809.99 tCO2e, respectively. To reduce the carbon footprint of the rain garden, we should focus on waste soil treatment and transportation. Recommendations included increasing waste soil recycling, in situ recycling and green transportation.
The most recent regulations, as well as the scientific studies, remark the importance of the evaluation of the entire life cycle on building renovations, relative to the environmental impact and ...economic feasibility, making the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) the prioritizing analysis. The objective of the study is to develop a simplified methodology for the environmental and economic assessment of residential building renovations with life cycle approach. For this, a script-based tool-kit is developed: the first tool optimizes the thickness of envelope insulation based strategies; the second tool is for the prioritization of strategies by assessing their environmental performance and economic feasibility. In order to follow the objective, the development of the two tools is presented: both tools follow a parallel scheme where the input parameters are required by an excel file and the calculation script provides the results automatically by exporting the results excel file. The evaluation provides the quantification of the relative environmental improvement with the net energy ratio (NER), and the economic feasibility by the financial indicator of internal rate of return (IRR). The tool-kit is applied in a case study of a multifamily residential building. The results show, on the one hand, that the usability of the tool-kit can be determinant in the decision-making of stakeholders; and in the other hand, the importance of carrying out a dynamic assessment, taking into account the variation of the results caused by the uncertain parameters that differ in time. Moreover, the tool-kit can assist the development of cost-effective decarbonisation strategies.
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•An enviro-economic assessment simplified tool-kit is provided based in LCA.•The prioritization indicators (NER, IRR) allow the relative assessment of strategies.•The optimization tool provide the optimal improvements and economic feasibility.•Dynamic assessments are necessary to cover the uncertainty of parameters.•The tool-kit is provided in open source script, applicable to other programmes.
Abstract
Combined with the hidden failure of misfiring remote trip when the double buses junction bypass pending, it was analyzed of bus protection operation without line protection function platen ...and remote trip on the opposite side without cause. Meanwhile processing strategies of bus protection about disconnect switch position, secondary circuits of optical-fiber longitudinal difference protection and the opposite side to receive remote trip were studied, and rectification measures such as withdrawal platen of bus protection for tripping circuit breaker when the circuit breaker was overhauled and the renovations for old protection were proposed;in the verification of the failure start circuit of power plants, it was found that standby transformers were not designed to start the failure and release the voltage blocking circuit, and the current settings for double sets of bus protection were inconsistent. And then different functional modes and the considerations for the rectification of the settings were introduced to avoid the special points of the protection in terms of devices, circuits and functions in different periods and to provide an reference for the operation and maintenance of many similar substations and power plants with old protection.
Transforming Dublin's Lanes McDonald, Frank
Irish arts review (2002),
04/2019, Letnik:
36, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
At the top of Dublin's O'Connell Street, great plans are being progressed to create the 'Parnell Square Cultural Quarter' with the restoration and rear extension of a Georgian terrace on the north ...side of the square for the E100 million City Library. Even Lord Charlemont might approve.
Jacobs focuses on the renovations at Kennesaw State University (KSU) Library System's libraries. The L. V. Johnson Library on the Marietta GA campus of Kennesaw State University (KSU) has undergone a ...number of recent renovations to improve and update the study and computer areas for students. Recent renovations to the Johnson Library include new furniture, 133 new study carrels on the lower level that will also provide more power outlets when electrical work completes this month, and re-carpeting on the second floor. In 2016, KSU Library System's Horace W. Sturgis Library's underwent a $4,400,000 renovation of the ground and first floor, which involved modernizing the two floors as well as installing new collaborative study areas and office spaces, a new front entrance, and updated mechanical and security systems.
The Georgia Tech Library was opened in the refurbished Crosland Tower on Jan 6, 2019, after the completion of the first phase of its ambitious "Library Next" project. The tower, closed for ...renovations since Jan 2016, features eight stories of archives, classroom, study, and studio space for Tech's students, faculty, an staff. There are also spaces and technology for data visualization, high-performance computing, multimedia studies, collaboration, and iterative design. In conjunction with reopening Crosland Tower, the library also launched a new website.
In the beginning stage of heart disease, the blockage of blood flow frequently occurs due to the persistent damage and even death of myocardium. Cicatricial tissue developed after the death of ...myocardium can affect heart function, which ultimately leads to heart failure. In recent years, several studies carried out about the use of stem cells such as embryonic, pluripotent, cardiac and bone marrow-derived stem cells as well as myoblasts to repair injured myocardium. Current studies focus more on finding appropriate measures to enhance cell homing and survival in order to increase paracrine function. Until now, there is no universal delivery route for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for different diseases. In this review, we summarize the advantages and challenges of the systemic and local pathways of MSC delivery. In addition, we also describe some advanced measures of cell delivery to improve the efficiency of transplantation. The combination of cells and therapeutic substances could be the most reliable method, which allows donor cells to deliver sufficient amounts of paracrine factors and provide long-lasting effects. The cardiac support devices or tissue engineering techniques have the potential to facilitate the controlled release of stem cells on local tissue for a sustained period. A novel promising epicardial drug delivery system is highlighted here, which not only provides MSCs with a favorable environment to promote retention but also increases the contact area and a number of cells recruited in the heart muscle.
Abstract The current situation of self-built houses by villagers is prevalent in rural areas, where many villagers construct their own residential dwellings based on their personal needs and economic ...circumstances. These self-built houses are typically constructed using basic materials and traditional building techniques, often without adherence to strict building regulations and standards. As a result of the lack of professional knowledge and technical guidance, the structural integrity and safety of these houses are often compromised. In addition, the lack of firefighting facilities and fire prevention measures further increase the risk of fire accidents. This situation contributes to a higher incidence of fires in rural areas, posing a significant threat to the lives and assets of villagers. Therefore, it becomes imperative to improve the current state of self-built houses by villagers. Strengthening fire safety awareness and implementing robust fire prevention measures are vital in this regard. This paper aims to summarize the challenges involved in fire protection design for renovating rural buildings. Additionally, it proposes fire protection design principles specifically for the commercial transformation of self-built houses by villagers. By analyzing real-world engineering cases, this study puts forth specific fire protection measures concerning fire rescue, fire control zones (groups), evacuation design, and fire systems. To ensure the fire safety of these buildings, special fire protection design methods are employed. The effectiveness of the proposed fire protection measures are validated through the use of FDS fire and smoke numerical simulation analysis software and Pathfinder evacuation simulation software, ensuring the fire safety of the buildings. The results show that the available safe evacuation time that can be provided by this scenario is 1200 s as calculated by the FDS simulation, and the necessary safe evacuation time is less than the available safe evacuation time in case of a fire on the first floor of this building, and the safe evacuation of the people can be guaranteed. This study can provide a valuable resource for architects, engineers, and decision makers to implement effective fire protection measures during commercial remodeling of village-owned houses.
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