LAY SUMMARY The effectiveness of part-time volunteer reservists relies on their willingness to train in their spare time and be deployed, which is influenced by family support. The military can ...provide reservist families with welfare and support, but the authors wanted to understand the expectations of, and experiences with, welfare support to UK reservist families. A total of 140 family members (mainly spouses and parents) of part-time reservists completed a bespoke survey, and 33 family members were interviewed in depth. Results confirmed there was low awareness and use of available welfare services. Most did not know how to access support, even during a reservist’s full-time deployment, and had inconsistent local experiences of support. Most reservist families do not identify as military families, have low awareness of family support and welfare, and do not require access to support routinely. More access to information online, more contact with better trained welfare staff, and increased reservist awareness of welfare and support should reduce inconsistencies and improve family satisfaction and reservist retention.
Introduction: Many nations rely on volunteer reservists willing to train in their spare time and deploy on military operations. This willingness is influenced by familial support. The authors sought to better understand the expectations of, and experiences with, welfare support to UK reservist families for routine training and deployment. Methods: A bespoke survey for family members of reservists was constructed to investigate awareness, use, and experience of both routine and deployment-related welfare support; 140 family members participated. In addition, 33 semi-structured interviews were conducted and deductively coded. Most participants in the survey and interviews were spouses and parents of part-time reservists. Results: The survey and interviews reported low awareness and use of available family welfare services. Most participants did not know how to access support, even during deployment, and had inconsistent local experiences of welfare support. There was a desire for more welfare information and personal contact with unit welfare staff. The key role of the reservist as a barrier or facilitator of information was highlighted. Discussion: Most families of reservists do not identify as military families, have low awareness of family support and welfare, and do not require routine access to support. This contributes to an under-used family welfare and support system that also suffers from localized unit variation. More access to information online, more contact with better trained welfare staff, and increased reservist awareness of welfare and support should reduce inconsistencies and improve family satisfaction and reservist retention.
Military activities with the framework of the IDF Israel Defense Force is carried out by citizens in a variety of positions. In addition to the ordinary positions of career officers and NCOs, the IDF ...consists of conscripted men and women as well as reservists. Some of the latter serve under an ordinary command to serve for a certain relatively short period. Other reservists, including pilots and special forces officers have served since they volunteered to serve. Facing the political clash between the government, who have been viewed as trying to change the democratic nature of the state, and the popular opposition, who have tried to protect the judiciary and other elements of democracy, many officers who belong to the latter reservist group have suspended their voluntary service or even retired. Their decision has raised the obvious issue of whether such decisions can be justified, morally, ethically, and democratically. This is the topic of the present paper.
Reservists often have different experiences to regular military personnel which may impact their mental health.
To investigate the incidence of mental health problems in both active and veteran ...reservists and determine how this compares to regular service personnel and ex-regular veterans.
Five studies which included reservist and/or veteran participants, a validated assessment of mental health problems, and provided primary data were included in the synthesis. Common mental health disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol use disorder were examined.
Nondeployed mobilized reservists were significantly less likely to report common mental health disorders than nondeployed regulars. There were no other significant differences between groups. Regardless deployed reservists reported more mental health problems than nondeployed reservists. Similarly, ex-regular deployed veterans were more likely to experience mental health difficulties than nondeployed ex-regular veterans. Notably, a large proportion of non-deployed reservists reported probable alcohol use disorders, indicating that problematic alcohol consumption may not be due to deployment in this group.
These results highlight the need for ongoing support for military regular, ex-regular and reservist personnel. Additional research is needed to examine potential risk and protective factors for mental health problems in both deployed and nondeployed reservists.
Key points
Overall, mobilized deployed reservists were more likely to experience mental health problems than non-deployed reservists. Nondeployed regulars reported significantly more common mental health problems than nondeployed mobilized reservists.
Reservists and (ex-)regulars reported similar rates of PTSD. This suggests reservists are vulnerable to developing PTSD following non-combat related trauma that may not lead to PTSD in regulars and this warrants future research.
Reservists were less likely to report problematic alcohol consumption compared to regular personnel and ex-regular veterans. The greatest amount of reservist problematic drinking was reported in non-deployed veteran reservists. This indicates problematic alcohol consumption is not deployment related in this group and highlights the need for ongoing formal support for alcohol use disorders in the UK Armed Forces.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
This study examines reserve military service from a perspective of social construction—the ways in which the reservist’s conscious experiences are constructed to give meaning to military service. ...Content descriptions of conscious experiences of reserve military service are identified in past studies. Constructions fell into four broad categories: (1) complementary to life—reserve military service providing wanted satisfaction not otherwise achieved, material gain, or ideological commitment; (2) equitable arrangement—understood compensation for self-sacrifice; (3) discordant identity—requirements of military life blatantly or surreptitiously conflicting with established identity and civilian life; and (4) self-definition—reserve military service understood as an aspect of self-identity. Directions for integrating these constructions as a basis for future research are identified and discussed.
Although it has declared itself a neutral state, the Republic of Moldova is compelled to consider potential sources of military threats. Defense is a fundamental and distinct field of national ...security, aiming to achieve national interests and the processes of political, economic, and social development of the state. According to international law, the Republic of Moldova has the right to defend and ensure its military security by all means at its disposal. It is legal to maintain Armed Forces, built on the principle of defensive sufficiency, for the defense of sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity, as well as for the annihilation of armed conflicts and other acts of violence within the country that endanger the constitutional order.
It has been proved that today the legislator has created a clear mechanism for the procedure for payment of a one-time financial assistance in the event of death of a serviceman, person liable for ...military service or a reservist (including a police officer), which indicates that they understand the importance of taking measures to ensure national security and defence in the context of a full-scale invasion of Ukraine by russian federation. It has been stressed that the issue of determining the list of persons who should be considered family members entitled to this social payment remains controversial.
A scientific analysis of the content of the Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to the Law of Ukraine “On Social and Legal Protection of Servicemen and Members of Their Families” regarding the Appointment and Payment of a One-time Financial Allowance” dated 29 July 2022 No. 2489-IX has been carried out. It has been considered the Draft Law on the Institute of Registered Partnerships No. 9103 dated 13 March 2023, aimed at establishing a new concept of “registered partners” in family law, and the current Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine “On Amendments to Clause 2 of the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated 28 February 2022 No. 168” dated 27 September 2022, No. 1066, which introduced new grounds for non-payment of a one-time financial assistance for the deceased, in terms of their compliance with the current legislation, relevance and validity of their adoption in the current conditions. The author's proposals for amendments to the Criminal Code of Ukraine related to high treason, collaboration, and aiding and abetting the aggressor state have been presented.
The attention has been drawn to the emergence of new social phenomena which require appropriate regulation by the State, in particular, this concerns the possible emergence of new grounds for family formation in the future. The legal framework that regulates the concepts of “family”, “family members” and defines a specific list of family members is quite extensive and needs to be improved both in terms of its very design and in terms of clarifying the legal definition of the concepts of “family” and “family member” in the law. The necessity of addressing this issue at the level of the Family Code of Ukraine by enshrining the relevant definitions in it has been emphasised.
This qualitative study deals with the military service of people who have lost their job due to the Covid-19 pandemic. In addition to its basic tasks, the Hungarian Defence Forces has been the first ...to get involved in the Hungarian Government’s Economy Protection Action Plan by creating jobs for unemployed citizens. The study was conducted among those who had signed up for the temporarily created special volunteer reservist service aiming to find out what motivated them to choose the military career and what their future ambitions are. After the Grounded Theory analysis of 49 semi-structured interviews, it was found that the special volunteer service provides livelihood and daily routines for those involved but still they have very few plans for the future.
Unemployment; Special volunteer reservist service; Hungarian Defence Forces; Grounded Theory.
LAY SUMMARY This article examines the different levels of liability Canada has assumed for disabled serving military members and Veterans from 1866 to 2020. Throughout Canada’s history, the first ...consideration for financial compensation has been the enrolment component of the casualty, that is, Regular, Reserve, or Special Force. Since 1883, disabled serving Regular Force members have received full pay and benefits while recovering from service-related injuries. Whether through the Militia Act, the Pension Act, long-term disability insurance, or the current Veterans Well-being Act (VWA), disabled Regular Force Veterans received financial compensation based on lost earnings. Before 1914, Canada’s military was a predominantly part-time militia, and if a member was disabled or killed due to a service-related injury or illness, lost civilian earnings and family circumstances were considered in financial compensation. From the First World War until the 1970s, serving reservists were eligible for military pay and benefits while recovering from service-related injuries. Currently, subject to an investigation clearing them of fault or malfeasance, they may apply for an allowance equivalent to military pay with no benefits. Between 1919 and 1999, the government accepted less and less liability for disabled Reserve Force Veterans until recent changes to Veterans benefits legislation incrementally improved this.
Earnings replacement for disabled Canadian servicemembers and Veterans depends primarily on their enrolment component. By reviewing legislation and policies since 1866, this article examines differences in compensation for Regular, Reserve, and Special Force members and Veterans. Since the Regular Force was created in 1883, its members have automatically received unreduced pay and benefits while recovering from injuries. Similarly, disabled Regular Force Veterans received compensation based on lost military salary. Before the First World War, lost civilian earnings and family situations were assessed to determine financial compensation for disabled reservists and Veterans. Subsequently, the government has accepted progressively less liability for disabled reservists, who currently must apply for an allowance based on military salary with no entitlement to benefits. Although the Canadian Forces announced that reservists may be eligible for provincial workers compensation benefits, this is based on a tenuous interpretation of legislation and not supported by policies. For Reserve Veterans, the 1919 Pension Act provided pensions based on rank, severity of injury, and family status. The 1971 change to a common pain-and-suffering benefit left disabled reservists without post-release earnings loss compensation. Changes to legislation between 2005 and 2015 and the 2019 Veterans Well-being Act have improved financial compensation for Reserve Veterans.
Missouri was one of many states that established a defense organization to take over the duties of the National Guard that had been federalized for military service when the United States declared ...war on Germany in 1917. The tasks of this volunteer Home Guard included traditional National Guard responsibilities such as providing introductory military training for draftable men, protecting crucial infrastructure from potential enemy activities, and maintaining law and order during labor activism.The Home Guard also functioned to preserve patriotism and reduce opposition to the war. Service in the Guard was a way to show loyalty to one's country, particularly for German Americans, who were frequently under suspicion as untrustworthy. Many German Americans in Missouri enthusiastically signed up to dispel any whispers of treason, while others found themselves torn between the motherland and their new homeland. Men too old or exempt from the draft for other reasons found meaning in helping with the war effort through the Home Guard while also garnering respect from the community. For similar reasons, women attempted to join the organization as did African Americans, some of whom formed units of a "Negro Home Guard." Informed by the dynamics of race, gender, and ethnicity, DeWitt's consideration of this understudied but important organization examines the fluctuating definition of patriotism and the very real question of who did and who did not have the privilege of citizenship and acceptance in society.
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