Purpose: This study synthesized effects of interventions on language outcomes of young children (ages 0-8 years) with autism and evaluated the extent to which summary effects varied by intervention, ...participant, and outcome characteristics. Method: A subset of effect sizes gathered for a larger meta-analysis (the Autism Intervention Meta-analysis or Project AIM) examining the effects of interventions for young children with autism, which were specific to language outcomes, was analyzed. Robust variance estimation and metaregression were used to calculate summary and moderated effects while controlling for intercorrelation among outcomes within studies. Results: A total of 221 outcomes were gathered from 60 studies. The summary effect of intervention on language outcomes was small but significant. Summary effects were larger for expressive and composite language outcomes compared to receptive language outcomes. Interventions implemented by clinicians, or by clinicians and caregivers together, had summary effects that were significantly larger than interventions implemented by caregivers alone. Participants' pretreatment language age equivalent scores positively and significantly moderated intervention effects, such that effects were significantly larger on average when samples of children had higher pretreatment language levels. Effects were not moderated by cumulative intervention intensity, intervention type, autism symptomatology, chronological age, or the proximity or boundedness of outcomes. Study quality concerns were apparent for a majority of included outcomes. Conclusions: We found evidence that intervention can facilitate improvements in language outcomes for young children with autism. Effects were largest for expressive and composite language outcomes, for children with initially higher language abilities, and for interventions implemented by clinicians or by caregivers and clinicians combined. However, quality concerns of included studies and borderline significance of some results temper our conclusions regarding intervention effectiveness and corresponding moderators.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
The Cazuela That the Farm Maiden Stirred is an enchanting bilingual story that follows the tradition of the classic nursery rhyme, The House That Jack Built.
The Problim Children by Natalie Lloyd (review) Coats, Karen
Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books,
2018, 2018-00-00, 20180101, Letnik:
71, Številka:
5
Journal Article, Book Review
The children's parents are off on an adventure when their house explodes, but wise Sundae knows what to do: she locates the deed to their grandfather's house and the seven troop to town just in time ...to disrupt an auction that would have left them twice homeless. With grumpy Sal's penchant for weird plants, stuttering Wendell's magical reading skills, Frida's incessant rhyming, Mona's Addams Family brand of dark humor, circus spiders, and an animatronic squirrel, there is much quirky fun to be had here, with a wee bit of pathos as eleven-year-old Thea comes to terms with the fact that she and her twin Wendell might be growing apart.
In the last two decades, women’s issues have been attracting public attention, particularly for those who see and study women from male world of construction. In the literature framework, the ...existing problems are not limited to the women’s involvement in the creation, criticism, and as readers only. However, the growth of the creation of female poets has opposed to men's superiority towards women. The role of gender and institution of marriage, which have been the symbol of hegemonic masculinity, has become a deconstruction and parody. The aim of this study is to dismantle the gender dictions in the Dorothea’s poem, which reflect the hegemonic masculinity. The object of this research is the poetry collections entitiled ‘Nikah Ilalang’ by Dorothea Rosa Herliany. Technique of data collection used was notetaking. In analyzing the data, Dorothea's poetries are studied by using heuristic and hermeneutic techniques. In using hermeneutic technique, this study used semiotic approach and potential/actual hypogram in order to find a proper model as matrix actualization.
Purpose of the study: This study explores metric patterns of syi’iran and syair, genres of poetry indicated to bear close relation with the pattern of Arabic syair. The genres include classical ...poetry in Malay, Javanese, and Sundanese. Methodology: Research is conducted with a qualitative approach towards a data pool of syi’iran and syair, collected purposively to determine its relation with the rhymes and metrics of Arabic syair and its uniqueness compared to other forms of poetry in the Archipelago. Main Findings: The research concludes that syi’iran and syair are poetic genres with the following characteristics: (1) posses a basic structure of couplets, (2) bear a specific rhyme pattern of consonant and vowel phonemes in up to two syllables at the end of each line, in every two to four adjacent lines, and (3) display distinct metric of consistent rhythmic half-lines. The three characteristics are indicative of its relationship with Arabic poetry. Applications of this study: Research findings shall become a foundation to redefine the literary terminology of poetry and assist in philological criticism in Indonesia, although its uses in teachings and researches in both fields will need further promotion, both inside and outside the country. Novelty/Originality of this study: The approach applied in the research allows the identification of metric patterns in various forms of poetry that have been circulating in Indonesia for centuries but have yet to be scientifically formulated, or even theoretically identified by scholars.
Standardized tests and college essay prompts demand that students produce quality analytical writing about abstract concepts. But how do you actually teach this kind of writing? Award-winning authors ...Gretchen Bernabei and Judi Reimer make it easy and fun. This book includes 35 engaging lessons that give students just the focused practice they need to craft effective, analytical writing for any situation. Centered on classic fairy tales and designed for students of all ages, each lesson includes a writing prompt accompanied by a planning framework. Students write a truism, select or create a text structure, and write a kernel essay that serves as scaffolding for a detailed rhetorical piece. With practice, students move from depending on teacher guidance to becoming autonomous analytical writers. The teacher-friendly layout and built-in flexibility of the book empower you to Use each fairy tale lesson for reading, for writing, or for both Cluster lessons around a particular literacy concept or use each as a standalone lesson Pair fairy tales thematically with other readings Customize the text structure options to meet the needs of your individual students Encourage students to create their own text structures Teach students simple ways to expand their ideas into detailed, rich essays Additional ideas for how to use the lessons, a complete collection of text structures, craft lessons on revision, and a list of conversation strategies are also included.Put Text Structures From Fairy Tales to work in your classroom and soon your students will be writing happily ever after.
Abstract
Even prior to producing their first words, infants are developing a sophisticated speech processing system, with robust word recognition present by 4–6 months of age. These emergent ...linguistic skills, observed with behavioural investigations, are likely to rely on increasingly sophisticated neural underpinnings. The infant brain is known to robustly track the speech envelope, however previous cortical tracking studies were unable to demonstrate the presence of phonetic feature encoding. Here we utilise temporal response functions computed from electrophysiological responses to nursery rhymes to investigate the cortical encoding of phonetic features in a longitudinal cohort of infants when aged 4, 7 and 11 months, as well as adults. The analyses reveal an increasingly detailed and acoustically invariant phonetic encoding emerging over the first year of life, providing neurophysiological evidence that the pre-verbal human cortex learns phonetic categories. By contrast, we found no credible evidence for age-related increases in cortical tracking of the acoustic spectrogram.
The Word Rhythm Dictionary: A Resource for Writers, Rappers, Poets, and Lyricists is a new kind of dictionary—one that reflects the use of “rhythm rhymes” by rappers, poets, and songwriters of today. ...This is an eminently practical reference work for all wordsmiths looking to add musicality to their writing. Users of this dictionary can alphabetically look up words in the General Index to find collections of words that have the same rhythm as the original word and are readily useable in ways that are familiar to us in everything from vers libre poetry to the lyrics and music of Bob Dylan and hip hop groups. Professional writers and students have long used traditional rhyming dictionaries for inspiration by perusing lists of rhyming words; they may ask themselves, “I need a word that rhymes with blue,” and are led to shoe, flu, or you. These rhyming words evoke through juxtaposition new images, thoughts, and actions that inspire creative directions and pleasing twists as verses and stanzas unfold. For the first time ever, this dictionary now allows writers and poets to ask the same question, but of word rhythm— “I need a word with the same rhythm as butterfly. . . . ” Today’s lyricists and poets know that there is so much more to the flow of their creations than just matching vowels. The Word Rhythm Dictionary organizes words by additional properties: phonetic similarity (alliteration and literary consonance), the number of syllables in words, and syllable stress patterns. Never has it been easier to locate words that feature similar sounds, matching meters, and rhythmic grooves, from traditional rhymes like “clashing” and “splashing,” to near rhymes like “rollover” and “bulldozer,” “unrefuted undisputed” to pure metrical matches, like “biology” and “photography.” Additional appendixes allow readers to search according to poetic metrical feet and musical rhythm through a visual index of notated rhythms, allowing musicians and lyricists to track down words that match preexisting motives and melodies. This book could become the new fun addiction (or… addiction affliction…constriction conviction…conniption prescription…subscription conscription) for writers, musicians, lyricists, rappers, poets, and wordsmiths alike. Oh, and it’s a lot of fun just to browse!
Occupying a special position in the oral folk art of any nation, children’s folklore is a complex field, which interrelates two areas: folklore for children and folklore created by children, learned ...from adults, and passed on from some children to other children. Human world and values are reflected in folklore - thus the ethnographic study of children’s folklore contributes to the understanding of the specifics of various cultures, and children’s participation in them. The purpose of the study is to describe children’s folklore in the Kazakh, Russian, and English languages from the linguistic and cultural comparative perspectives. The importance of identifying the lexical and phraseological features of different genres of children’s folklore and describing their common and culturally marked characteristics lies in the fact that despite the availability of ethnographic studies of children’s folklore in some cultures, there doesn’t exist a single research on cross-cultural comparative perspectives of various genres of children’s folklore. The study employed analytical descriptive, and comparative methods. The research data were collected through the online sociolinguistic surveys parallelly conducted in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. Texts of children’s folklore in English were taken from the collections Nursery Rhymes and Mother Goose’s Songs . The amount of research data made nearly 2000 Kazakh, Russian and English children’s folklore texts. The study revealed that the genre variety of children’s folklore leaves an imprint on the language of each genre. The lexical and phraseological analysis of various genres of children’s folklore demonstrated an active use of neologisms, transrational language and personal names. Children’s folklore is characterized not only by genre and intragenre dynamics, but also by historical changes.
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