China's Chang'e‐5 (CE‐5) mission recently returned samples from a young intermediate‐Ti mare unit (Em4/P58, ∼1.5 Ga) in Northern Oceanus Procellarum. Rima Sharp, previously mapped as the longest ...lunar sinuous rille, is the most prominent volcanic feature associated with the landing region. Our analysis shows that Rima Sharp is not a single rille, but instead is composed of two separate rilles (Rima Sharp, originating from the North Vent, and Rima Mairan from the South Vent), meeting at ∼40.40°N, 48.38°W. Both vent have characteristics suggesting relatively low magma volatile contents. Rima Mairan and associated lavas (southeast of Em4/P58), embay and are slightly younger than Rima Sharp. Rille formation is largely influenced by pre‐existing topography (earlier mare surface, proto‐wrinkle ridges, highlands); rilles and deposits experienced post‐formation deformation (wrinkle ridges, mare subsidence). CE‐5 samples probably originate mainly from Rima Sharp's source vent, but may represent deposits from both rilles.
Plain Language Summary
A major unanswered question in lunar science is the age and nature of the youngest lunar lava flows, located in the northwest nearside of the Moon but unsampled by Apollo or Luna missions. How long did internal activity and eruption of lavas continue on the Moon? Also very poorly known is the impact flux in the last third of Solar System history. Craters counted on a geologically young lava flow radiometrically dated in the laboratory would answer this question. China's Chang'e‐5 (CE‐5) mission recently returned samples from just such a young mare unit. But how was this unit emplaced and how does this help us understand the nature of the lava source regions? Rima Sharp, previously thought to be the longest lunar sinuous rille, crosses the young unit. We find that Rima Sharp is actually formed by two rilles, the 320 km‐long Rima Sharp and the 150 km‐long Rima Mairan, that meet in the middle of the unit. Detailed analysis shows that Rima Sharp was first, forming most of the young basalt unit, followed closely by Rima Mairan, embaying Rima Sharp. Samples returned by CE‐5 are most likely to be from the Rima Sharp eruption.
Key Points
The lunar sinuous rille Rima Sharp is associated with the mare unit sampled by Chang'e‐5, and may have emplaced the unit
Rima Sharp is actually formed by two rilles, ∼320 km long Rima Sharp and ∼150 long km Rima Mairan, that meet in the middle of the unit
Rima Sharp formed first, emplacing most of the lava forming the young basalt unit, followed closely by Rima Mairan, embaying Rima Sharp
•Chang'e-5 mission is China's first lunar sample return mission.•The Chang'e-5 landing site lies within northern Oceanus Procellarum.•Em4 basalts are among one of the youngest mare basalts on the ...Moon.•Samples from Em4 will address lots of fundamental scientific questions.
Chang'e-5, China's first lunar sample return mission, is targeted to land in northern Oceanus Procellarum, within a region selected on the basis of 1) its location away from the Apollo-Luna sampling region, 2) the presence of the Procellarum KREEP Terrane (PKT), 3) the occurrence of one of the youngest lunar mare basalts (Em4), and 4) its association with Rima Sharp. In order to provide context for returned sample analyses, we conducted a comprehensive study of the regional and global settings, geomorphology, composition, mineralogy, and chronology of the Em4 mare basalts. Superposed on Imbrian-aged low-Ti basalts, Em4 covers 37,000 km2 and is composed of Eratosthenian-aged (∼1.53 Ga), high-Ti basalts with a mean thickness of ∼51 m and a volume between ∼1450 and 2350 km3. Minor variations in TiO2 and FeO abundance occur within the unit and the thorium content averages ∼6.7 ppm, typical of PKT mare basaltic regolith. No specific source vents (e.g., fissures, cones, domes) were found within the unit. We show that Rima Sharp is actually composed of three major rilles, whose source vents are located outside of, and which flow into, and merge in Em4, suggesting that they may be among the sources for Em4. Regolith thickness averages ∼7 m and there is abundant evidence for vertical and lateral mixing; the most likely sources of distal ejecta are Aristarchus, Harpalus, and Sharp B craters. Returned samples from local and distant materials delivered by impact will thus provide significant new insights into lunar geochronology, inner Solar System impact fluxes, the age of very young mare basalts, the role of the PKT in the generation of mare basalts, the role of sinuous rilles in lava flow emplacement, and the thermal evolution of the Moon.
En el presente artículo nos proponemos revisar, apoyados en datos cuantitativos, un tema relevante tanto para la versología y la poética comparadas como para los estudios de la traducción. Inspirados ...en algunas ideas y observaciones de Mijaíl Gaspárov y Marco Praloran, revisamos las características de la rima en las obras en octava real de Ludovico Ariosto y Torquato Tasso, y en sus traducciones al español (de Juan de la Pezuela y de Juan Sedeño) y al ruso (de Aleksandr Triandafilidi y de Román Dubrovkin). La comparación entre el uso del artificio de la rima en la misma forma poética, pero en diferentes lenguas, nos permite iluminar cuestiones relacionadas con el tema de "el verso y la lengua", así como el problema de la equivalencia formal y funcional en la traducción poética. Demostramos el uso diferenciado de la "rima fácil" categorial en los originales italianos y en sus traducciones al español, y la suficiencia del repertorio de rimas del ruso para abordar la forma de la octava. El artículo comienza con una reflexión sobre la historia y los desarrollos actuales de la versología comparada.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
O presente trabalho busca analisar a formação dos hidroterritórios a partir da reprodução de conflitos socioambientais no Brasil, e de forma específica no estado do Maranhão. Para tanto, utiliza-se ...os dados de mapeamento de conflitos por recursos hídricos disponibilizados pela Comissão Pastoral da Terra (CPT) com o recorte temporal para o período de 2005 a 2020. Os resultados apontam que o Brasil, no período de 15 anos foram registrados 2.367 casos no país, envolvendo 638.338 famílias, com a maior quantidade de ocorrências registradas nas regiões Nordeste (37,3%) e Sudeste (34%). Nesse contexto, Minas Gerais e Bahia são as que apresentaram os maiores representativos em ocorrências com 610 (25,8%) e 399 (16,9%) respectivamente e o Maranhão ocupa a 12º posição nos casos de conflitos pela água entre as UFs (2,2%), sendo as comunidades tradicionais os principais afligidos. No território maranhense, os municípios de Barra do Corda (15%), Cajari (13%) e Estreito (9%) se sobressaem em percentual de ocorrências. De modo geral, observa-se que a formação dos hidroterritórios originam-se da relação conflituosa entre agente da produção a busca pela preservação das águas.
PROPOE (prose to poetry) Ana Cleyge de Azevedo; João Queiroz; Angelo Loula
Linguamática (Braga, Portugal),
01/2023, Letnik:
14, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
A geração computacional do que pode ser concebido e reconhecido como "poesia verbal" é explorada, há muitas décadas, em muitas línguas naturais. Mas apenas projetos recentemente desenvolvidos possuem ...aplicação intensiva da computação, considerando muitos níveis de organização, linguísticos e paralinguísticos, fonológicos, rítmicos, sintáticos, semânticos, e até pragmáticos. O que apresentamos aqui é um sistema de geração computacional de poemas, o PROPOE (Prose to Poem). Ele trabalha em conjunto com uma ferramenta de "mineração" de estruturas de versificação na prosa de língua portuguesa, o MIVES (Mining Verse Structure). O PROPOE gera poemas em língua portuguesa a partir de sentenças versificadas (estruturas heterométricas de versificação) identificadas e classificadas pelo MIVES, e extraídas da prosa literária. O PROPOE combina sentenças, gerando poemas baseados na otimização de critérios rítmicos e fonológicos. É aplicado um "algoritmo guloso" (greedy algorithm) cujo propósito é identificar a melhor combinação das sentenças, considerando normas rítmicas estabelecidas para o português. Em uma etapa final, realiza-se uma avaliação automatizada do resultado, atribuindo uma pontuação de acordo com a identificação de algum padrão considerado ótimo em poemas com métricas regulares, tendo como base esquema rítmico e adequação a estruturas rímicas.
Introduction: Strengthening self-efficacy is an alternative to prevent drug withdrawal in patients with pulmonary TB. Autogenic relaxation, movement and affirmation (RIMA) therapy can help strengthen ...self-efficacy in patients with pulmonary TB so as to prevent drug withdrawal. The general objective of this study was to determine the role of RIMA therapy in strengthening the self-efficacy of pulmonary TB patients.
Methods: The design of this research is a quasi-experimental using pre-test and post-test with control group design. The Respondents were patients with pulmonary TB in the work area of the Puskesmas Pakis, Malang Regency, a total of 60 people were determined using purposive sampling. RIMA therapy was carried out for 2 weeks, and data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. Data analysis used Wilcoxon Signed Rank test and Mann-Whitney test with α = 0.05%.
Results: The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of RIMA therapy on self-efficacy in the experimental group, which is indicated by a p value = 0.000 (< 0.05). In addition, there is a significant difference in self-efficacy between the experimental group and the comparison group, which is indicated by the p value = 0.000 (< 0.05).
Conclusion: RIMA therapy influences increasing self-efficacy of pulmonary TB patients. Therefore, it is recommended that patients with pulmonary TB carry out RIMA therapy independently at home to support their treatment.
Assessments of objective and subjective resilience are the main methods for understanding disaster preparedness and developing policy responses. However, the two assessment outcomes are not directly ...comparable. A model combining objective and subjective resilience assessments provides a better approximation of the underlying resilience. Building on previous comparisons, we have developed a robust Bayesian hierarchical model for comparing and linking these assessments. Three modeling scenarios provide the opportunity to explore the complex relationship between resilience data and explanatory variables under different conditions and prior knowledge about variables. Our strategy reasonably shares the uncertainty with the posterior distribution of all model parameters, instead of leaving all uncertainties to the variance parameter estimation, thus reducing methodological bias and providing a robust uncertainty estimation. The approach allows connecting and comparing objective and subjective resilience assessments, laying a strong foundation for developing a fully integrated resilience assessment.
This article seeks to present the problems related to environmental licensing and their influence on increasing numbers of mining caused disasters. On one hand, mining activity is considered ...essential for economic and technological development, on the other hand, it has a significant potential for causing disasters and exploring nature. Thus, in order to understand the process of appropriation of nature carried out by mining activity and the instruments of control and prevention of disasters instituted by the State, this paper will make use of historical dialectical materialism as a method of interpreting reality, sustained by bibliographic, legislative and documentary research. In a legal analysis, based on the right to an ecologically balanced environment, it is clear that the public authorities can create instruments to prevent disasters from happening, such as previous environmental impact studies and environmental impact reports, which are part of environmental licensing process. It concludes that, in addition to repression, the maintenance of an environmental balance, through preventive actions, is the main means of controlling humans’ actions beyond the economic perspective. However, the ineffectiveness of environmental licensing generates irreparable environmental and social disasters. Therefore, it is essential to create and rearrange preventive and repressive measures, rationalizing their procedures in favor of the common good. Legislation and its enforcement play a key role in preventing other disasters from occurring and, if they do occur, in ensures that their impacts are moderate.
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