The genetic selection of a high royal jelly (RJ)-producing strain of bees (RJBs) from Italian bees (ITBs) has been conducted for nearly four decades in China since the 1980s. RJBs are the most ...important producers of RJ in the world and produce > 90% of the total output with an annual market value of > $40 million. With technological advancements in proteomics, the mechanism underpinning the high RJ production by RJBs has been explored to new depths in the last decades. Here, we give an overview that the mechanism driving the enhanced performance of RJ secretion by RJBs. First, the selection of RJBs, high-efficiency technology for RJ production, and advances in genetic characterization of RJBs are reviewed. Then, proteome and phosphoproteome characterization that decipher the augmented RJ production using honeybee organs and tissues are summarized. This may be potentially useful in gaining a complete mechanistic insight into the high performance of RJ yields in honeybees, and expands understanding of the honeybee biology.
A review on Royal Jelly proteins and peptides Ramanathan, Ajitha Nath Koomankode Ganapathi; Nair, Ananthakrishnan Jayakumaran; Sugunan, Vetha Sundaram
Journal of functional foods,
20/May , Letnik:
44
Journal Article
Recenzirano
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•Royal Jelly (RJ) is an extremely nutritious functional food eaten by human beings since prehistoric times when they were forest dwellers.•In addition to being nutritional, components ...in RJ are now understood to influence gene expression by epigenetic effects; they also have been shown to have similar effects in other animal models.•Major Royal Jelly Proteins are responsible for development, caste differentiation, longevity and reproduction in honey bees.•Presence of antibiotic peptides and bioactive compounds qualifies it an efficient nutraceutical.
Royal Jelly (RJ) is a nutrient rich substance secreted by the hypopharyngeal glands of young worker bees. Owing to the exceptional biological properties, RJ is used in pharmaceutical, food and cosmetics industries. Several studies vouch that RJ has anti-ageing, antibacterial, anti-fatigue, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, anti-diabetic and antimutagenic potentials. These activities are mainly attributed to bioactive components it contains.
One of the principal bioactive components is Major Royal Jelly Proteins (MRJPs) which is considered to be a major factor in honey bee queen development. In this review, we explore large number of studies that have been undertaken to elucidate the functions and characterization of Royal Jelly proteins and peptides.
Honey bees feed on floral nectar and pollen that they store in their colonies as honey and bee bread. Social division of labor enables the collection of stores of food that are consumed by ...within-hive bees that convert stored pollen and honey into royal jelly. Royal jelly and other glandular secretions are the primary food of growing larvae and of the queen but are also fed to other colony members. Research clearly shows that bees regulate their intake, like other animals, around specific proportions of macronutrients. This form of regulation is done as individuals and at the colony level by foragers.
Royal Jelly (RJ), a honeybee hypopharyngeal gland secretion of young nurse and an exclusive nourishment for bee queen, has been used since ancient times for care and human health and it is still very ...important in traditional and folkloristic medicine, especially in Asia within the apitherapy.
Recently, RJ and its protein and lipid components have been subjected to several investigations on their antimicrobial activity due to extensive traditional uses and for a future application in medicine.
Antimicrobial activities of crude Royal Jelly, Royalisin, 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid, Jelleines, Major Royal Jelly Proteins against different bacteria have been reported. All these beehive products showed antimicrobial activities that lead their potential employment in several fields as natural additives. RJ and its derived compounds show a highest activity especially against Gram positive bacteria.
The purpose of this Review is to summarize the results of antimicrobial studies of Royal Jelly following the timescale of the researches. From the first scientific applications to the isolation of the single components in order to better understand its application in the past years and propose an employment in future studies as a natural antimicrobial agent.
Royal jelly (RJ) demand is growing every year and so is the market for functional foods in general. RJ is formed by different substances, mainly carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, but also ...vitamins, minerals, and phenolic or volatile compounds in lower proportion. Major royal jelly proteins (MRJP) are, together with 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), key substances of RJ due to their different biological properties. In particular, 10-HDA is a unique substance in this product. RJ has been historically employed as health enhancer and is still very relevant in China due to the traditional medicine and the apitherapy. Nowadays, it is mainly consumed as a functional food or is found in supplements and other formulations for its health-beneficial properties. Within these properites, anti-lipidemic, antioxidant, antiproliferative, antimicrobial, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiaging, and estrogenic activities have been reported for RJ or its specific components. This manuscript is aimed at reviewing the current knowledge on RJ components, their assessment in terms of authenticity, their biological activities, and related health applications.
EFFECTS OF ROYAL JELLY ON OBESITY DEMİRKAYA, Aslıhan; SAGDİCOGLU CELEP, Gulcin
Uludağ arıcılık dergisi (Online),
05/2022, Letnik:
22, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Obesity is a disease that affects people's quality of life and is a risk factor for some fatal diseases. Its prevalence is increasing in the world and the biggest factor is nutritional problems and a ...sedentary lifestyle. Royal jelly (RJ), a natural product for obesity, a preventable disease, has been the subject of various studies. RJ secreted by young honey bees (worker bees) is the only food source for the queen bee and the first three days of food for immature bees. Several studies have shown RJ's anti-obesity, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. In addition, RJ is seen as a promising functional food in the prevention of obesity and protection from its negative effects. This study is an examination of studies on the effects of RJ on obesity and its accompanying problems.
Obezite insanların yaşam kalitesini etkileyen ve bazı ölümcül hastalıklar için risk faktörü oluşturan bir hastalıktır. Dünyada prevalansı artmaktadır ve en büyük etken beslenme sorunları ve hareketsiz yaşam tarzıdır. Önlenebilir bir hastalık olan obezite için doğal bir ürün, arı sütü (RJ) çeşitli çalışmalara konu olmuştur. Genç bal arıları (işçi arılar) tarafından salgılanan RJ kraliçe arının tek besin kaynağı ve olgunlaşmamış arıların ilk üç günlük besinleridir. RJ’nin antioksidan, antikanserojen, antimikrobiyal, antienflamatuar ve antiobezite aktiviteleri çeşitli çalışmalarla gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışma RJ’nin obezite ve beraberinde getirdiği sorunlar üzerindeki etkilerini konu alan çalışmaların bir derlemesidir.
Aging is a natural phenomenon that occurs in all living organisms. In humans, aging is associated with lowered overall functioning and increased mortality out of the risk for various age-related ...diseases. Hence, researchers are pushed to find effective natural interventions that can promote healthy aging and extend lifespan. Royal jelly (RJ) is a natural product that is fed to bee queens throughout their entire life. Thanks to RJ, bee queens enjoy an excellent reproductive function and lengthened lifespan compared with bee workers, despite the fact that they have the same genome. This review aimed to investigate the effect of RJ and/or its components on lifespan/healthspan in various species by evaluating the most relevant studies. Moreover, we briefly discussed the positive effects of RJ on health maintenance and age-related disorders in humans. Whenever possible, we explored the metabolic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms through which RJ can modulate age-related mechanisms to extend lifespan. RJ and its ingredients-proteins and their derivatives e.g., royalactin; lipids e.g., 10-hydroxydecenoic acid; and vitamins e.g., pantothenic acid-improved healthspan and extended lifespan in worker honeybees
,
flies,
crickets, silkworms,
nematodes, and mice. The longevity effect was attained via various mechanisms: downregulation of insulin-like growth factors and targeting of rapamycin, upregulation of the epidermal growth factor signaling, dietary restriction, and enhancement of antioxidative capacity. RJ and its protein and lipid ingredients have the potential to extend lifespan in various creatures and prevent senescence of human tissues in cell cultures. These findings pave the way to inventing specific RJ anti-aging drugs. However, much work is needed to understand the effect of RJ interactions with microbiome, diet, activity level, gender, and other genetic variation factors that affect healthspan and longevity.
Honeybees produce honey, royal jelly, propolis, bee venom, bee pollen, and beeswax, which potentially benefit to humans due to the bioactives in them. Clinical standardization of these products is ...hindered by chemical variability depending on honeybee and botanical sources, but different molecules have been isolated and pharmacologically characterized. Major honey bioactives include phenolics, methylglyoxal, royal jelly proteins (MRJPs), and oligosaccharides. In royal jelly there are antimicrobial jelleins and royalisin peptides, MRJPs, and hydroxy-decenoic acid derivatives, notably 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, neuromodulatory, metabolic syndrome preventing, and anti-aging activities. Propolis contains caffeic acid phenethyl ester and artepillin C, specific of Brazilian propolis, with antiviral, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. Bee venom consists of toxic peptides like pain-inducing melittin, SK channel blocking apamin, and allergenic phospholipase A2. Bee pollen is vitaminic, contains antioxidant and anti-inflammatory plant phenolics, as well as antiatherosclerotic, antidiabetic, and hypoglycemic flavonoids, unsaturated fatty acids, and sterols. Beeswax is widely used in cosmetics and makeup. Given the importance of drug discovery from natural sources, this review is aimed at providing an exhaustive screening of the bioactive compounds detected in honeybee products and of their curative or adverse biological effects.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of ingesting royal jelly sports gel at doses of 1500 mg, 3000 mg, and 4500 mg after 48 hours of high-intensity weight training on creatine kinase (CK) and ...interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. A total of 16 participants were recruited and randomly assigned to four groups: placebo, 1500 mg, 3000 mg, and 4500 mg of royal jelly sports gel. Blood samples were collected before and after the intervention to measure CK and IL-6 levels. The results revealed a significant reduction in CK and IL-6 levels in the 4500 mg royal jelly group compared to the placebo group. However, no significant changes were observed in the 1500 mg and 3000 mg groups. These findings suggest that the consumption of royal jelly sports gel at a dosage of 4500 mg may positively influence recovery processes after high-intensity weight training by mitigating muscle damage and inflammation. Further research is needed to elucidate the potential benefits and optimal dosages of royal jelly in enhancing exercise recovery. Keywords: Suplementation, Biomarkers, Royal Jelly, Fatique
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