Background: Recruiting and preparing residents to practise in rural communities begins with an accurate characterization of current rural surgeons and future employment prospects. We aimed to ...characterize rural Canadian surgeons and to predict the rural workforce requirements for the next decade. This cross-sectional observational study evaluated Canadian rural general surgeons, characterized by surgeons working in a city with population < 100 000. Methods: Surgeons were identified using provincial college websites and the 2015 Canadian Association of General Surgeons database. Demographics included year and country of medical degree (MD) achievement, and fellowship status. A predictive model for future rural employment opportunities was developed on the following assumptions: (1) the current number of rural surgeons per capita is adequate, (2) the rural population will increase 1.1% annually, (3) estimated career length is 36 years following MD conferment, and (4) 85.4 new graduates will enter the workforce annually. Results: We evaluated 606 rural Canadian general surgeons. The majority graduated after 1989 (73%), were Canadian medical graduates (74%) and did not complete a fellowship (82%). When stratified by graduation year, 91% of surgeons with degrees since 2009 were Canadian-trained, compared with 53% of surgeons with degrees before 1980 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Using the prediction model, an estimated 239 rural surgeons will retire by 2031 and 70 additional surgeons will be needed to account for population growth. In total, there will be a demand for 309 new rural surgeons over the next 10 years, meaning 33% of general surgery graduates will need to enter rural practice to maintain the current Canadian rural surgery workforce. Canadian rural surgeons vary widely in their background and demographics. Future opportunities in rural surgery are projected to increase. These findings suggest that residency programs need more rural-specific training to encourage trainees to serve Canadas rural communities.
The environmental damage is one of the essential factors that determine of disasters. Industrial activities that are mostly in urban areas are contributors to this problem. These activities often ...exploit resources from rural to an urban area. So that industry is required to be actively involved in maintaining the rural area alike implementing a green industry thatcan be represent through the application of green accounting which is disclose environmental information. The purpose of this paper is to explain the involved an industry in rural areas. Especially, to explain benefit and industry motive. This study uses legitimacy theory and stakeholder theory as a theoretical framework to explain the role of industry. The research method used a quantitative approach and seconder data from Indonesia stock exchange with the LQ45 index as a sample. The data analyzed using multiple regression and path analysis to examine environmental factors that influence the economic performance. The result of this study shows that environmental performance and environmental cost has an influence on environmental disclosure then influence economic performance. Furthermore, it can be identified that the company get the benefit from environmental performance and environmental cost. Also, Economic performance is a reason why an industry involved in maintaining the rural area.
Rural succession has been a problem that has been discussed in the academy, among policymakers and, above all, among family farmers around the world. Young people have shown less and less interest in ...staying in rural areas, but there has been less interest in sequencing the agricultural activities of their parents. In this sense, recognizing the role of young people in the rural development process, the objective of the present study is to analyze the perspectives of the rural young people of Santana do Livramento / RS about the permanence in the rural environment and the interest in the family succession. The methodology of the study is quantitative, performed through descriptive statistics. Structured questionnaires containing open and closed questions were applied to young people, children of farmers, who attended high school, in a total of 59 rural youth, aged between 14 and 19 years. The main results are: young people want to stay in the field and have a greater interest in being managers of the property in greater number than the young ones; young people with less land area are less interested in being successors; emotional and relationship factors prevail in the desire for permanence in the field; obstacles to agricultural labor, difficulties in accessing production units, land scarcity, low autonomy, and the economic pressure exerted by large farms, are the factors that contribute to the exit of rural youth from Santana do Livramento / RS.
A combinação da aplicação da pesquisa de campo junto as comunidades rurais e o emprego das técnicas de análise multivariada consolidou os principais fatores que explicam a condição de vida no ...município de Moju, e a magnitude de suas contribuições para comparar os espaços geográficos, ou seja, as cargas fatorais espacialmente identificadas foram tratadas como estimadores no Modelo de Regressão Geograficamente Ponderado – GWR cujo o objetivo é expressar de forma quantitativa as relações globais e as variações espaciais entre as variáveis selecionadas. O reconhecimento da distribuição heterogênea da renda e acesso a serviços públicos foram geograficamente definidos, a proximidade de grandes projetos não constituiu condição necessária para melhoria das condições de vida, havendo piora com a implantação em várias comunidades e os impactos sistemáticos do desflorestamento foi um caminho adotado para explicar os efeitos sobre a condição de vida ao longo do tempo na zona rural de Moju.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
CEKLJ, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
National dementia strategies are government policies that guide the provision of appropriate support for people living with dementia. These strategies, developed through extensive stakeholder ...engagement, should be tailored to the cultural and demographic needs of a country. Using a mixed methods survey design, this study explored the aims of the Dementia Action Plan (2018–2022) for Wales (UK) around assessment, diagnosis, and post-diagnostic support, and assessed whether these are being realized. Further, it sought to gain insight from people living with dementia and their carers around how the experience may be improved for others in the future, as the development of the next iteration of the Action Plan is anticipated. Respondents included 71 people, affected by typical and rarer types of dementia, living in both rural and urban areas. Findings suggest both positive and negative experiences, reflecting a ‘postcode lottery’ of service provision. Attainable recommendations for improvement were made by respondents, which would ultimately likely be cost-effective and reduce strain on formal services. The findings reported in this paper concur with those reported by people living with dementia in other countries, indicating their relevance for policymakers beyond Wales.
La migración por amenidades evidenciaun deseo consciente de emigrara la ruralidadpor influencia, en la mayoría de los casos,dela atracción de comodidades naturales o culturales. El objetivode este ...artículoesexaminarlas tendencias de investigación sobre la migración por amenidades en zonas rurales, zonas rurales metropolitanas y ciudades intermedias en América Latina. El método consistió enun diseño cualitativo enmarcadoen un estado del arte. En los resultados se detallan los diferentes términos conceptuales para nombrar este fenómeno,se georreferencian los países de América Latina donde se presentan estos flujos migratorios,y se amplíantambién los abordajes teórico y metodológico de los estudios. En la discusión se detallan los vacíos enlas investigaciones actuales y los retos para el estudio de estas nuevas movilidades humanas.
This study investigated the effects of implementing an online instant response system “Kahoot!” in an Earth Science class in a rural area of Taiwan. The study adopted the mixed-methods approach, ...based primarily on a quasi-experimental approach, to investigate the effects. The participants were randomly grouped into two classes, with Kahoot! as the intervention. The seventh-grade junior high school students were instructed by the same teacher. The research questions were whether the mobile technology impacted students' learning motivation and achievement and how the learning processes proceeded. Data were collected through surveys, student assignments, exams, learning journals, and interviews. The results indicated that the implementation of “Kahoot!” can enhance these rural-area students' learning motivation, gain the rural-area students' attention, and create incentives for the students to preview and review learning materials promoting learning efficiency. Moreover, the integration enhanced learning achievement. On the other hand, the teachable moments Kahoot! created may not be sustainable. It is hoped that the research findings can provide teachers with implications and guidelines to successfully integrate mobile technologies to enhance learning in their classrooms.
•Kahoot! can enhance learning motivation.•Kahoot! can facilitate better learning achievement.•Kahoot! can create incentives for the students to do previews and reviews.•Kahoot! can create teachable moments.
Background: Weight-related teasing (WRT) is a prevalent and pervasive consequence of weight stigma. Experiences with WRT in childhood contribute to adverse long-term physical and mental health ...outcomes, above and beyond the contributions of body size. However, few studies have examined how WRT is associated with psychological well-being in youth, particularly those living in rural communities. Methods: The purpose of this study was to examine the link between WRT with depressive symptoms and loneliness in rural Oregon youth. It was hypothesized that higher composite scores including both frequency of and distress related to WRT would be significantly and positively associated with depressive symptoms and loneliness in children. Further, it was hypothesized that gender and body appreciation would moderate these associations, such that the association would be exacerbated among girls and buffered among those with high levels of appreciation for their body. Results: 75 children (8-10y; Mage = 8.97 ± 0.82 y, MBMI% = 62.8 +/- 27.6, 84% non-Hispanic white) living in rural Oregon completed fasting anthropometric measurements and surveys measuring demographic information, WRT frequency and distress, depressive symptoms, loneliness, and body appreciation. After adjusting for BMI and gender, multiple regression models suggested that WRT was significantly and positively associated with loneliness (B = 4.29, p < .01) but not with depressive symptoms. Neither gender nor body appreciation moderated these associations. Independently, body appreciation was significantly and inversely related with both depressive (B = -0.38, p < .01) and loneliness (B = -0.86, p < .01). Conclusions: Study findings indicate that WRT in elementary school-aged children is linked with negative psychosocial outcomes, such as loneliness and social dissatisfaction. These data support ongoing efforts to intervene with and reduce instances of WRT, as well as the promotion of body appreciation among young children.
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