Abstract
We study the bunch lifetime dependence on the bunch position at the SuperKEKB main ring. The bunch lifetime ratio is evaluated from the injection interval. The lifetime imbalance is observed ...between the forward and backward of the bunch train at the positron ring. It becomes larger when the beam current becomes larger. The luminosity dependence on the RF-bucket spacing can be explained with the lifetime dependency which we determined in this analysis. The result indicates the existence of the unknown phenomenon which varies the Touschek lifetime with the RF-bucket spacing in the electron ring.
Service life; Obsolescenza; Conservazione; Innovazione; Patrimonio Moderno. La disponibilita e i costi relativamente bassi di questi materiali, insieme alla potenza figurativa delle loro quality ...architettoniche - snellezza, trasparenza e leggerezza - ha portato alla messa a punto di nuovi sistemi di chiusura come le finestre a nastro, window-wall e curtain-wall, ampiamente utilizzati da architetti moderni per tutto il XX secolo. Pur nella sintesi richiesta al presente contributo, l'intento dello studio e quello di tracciare e interpretare il cammino percorso dalla ricerca, evidenziando le questioni culturali e operative che stanno alla base degli interventi, tenendo stretto il rapporto che lega aspetti della conservazione ed esigenze di fruizione e di comfort. Questi fattori, uniti alle scarse performance termiche delledificio, hanno portato all'intervento condotto tra il 2006 e il 2013 da RL&A Architectes che ha optato per la sostituzione completa dei pans de verre (Fig. 1).
Abstract The purpose of this paper is to increase the service life of the brushes in the interaction of the puller brushes and the drum when cleaning cotton from large debris during the cotton ...removal process. The authors conducted an experimental study to determine the actual value of the number of impacts (touches) of the puller brushes on the surface of the saw drum. The angle of rotation of the serrated drum around its axis during the period of influence of the puller brushes on it was determined. The paper also describes determination of the average number of blows (touches) of the puller brushes on the saw drum.
Direct reuse and recycling of materials can significantly reduce the net environmental impact of the global construction sector. The feasibility of reuse and recyclability of building systems is ...affected by the materials used and the interfaces between constituent components. Yet there is a lack of quantitative methods for assessing the environmental benefits of alternative recovery strategies for multi-component and multi-material systems over the building lifetime. In this work, a novel assessment method was developed to enable a systematic and quantitative evaluation of the transient environmental reclamation potential (RP). The reclamation potential is a measure of the ability to disassemble and reuse recovered building systems at their end-of-life and is influenced by the constituent components and the interfaces between components. The proposed method accounts for the technical service lifetimes of components, including performance degradation over time, and can thus inform decisions on the most suitable recovery route for new and existing designs. The graphical outputs from the RP assessment are a network diagram which highlights the system components and connections between components, and an RP-graph which illustrates the embodied environmental impact and reclamation potential over time of alternative reuse/recycling strategies. The methodology is demonstrated on a glazed double-skin façade where the influence of component service lifetimes and replacements over time is quantified in terms of embodied energy and embodied carbon. The outcomes of the assessment can guide decision-making in design for disassembly (DfD) strategies and/or aid in the identification of high-value material recovery strategies at the end-of-life stage.
•Implications of material selection and construction techniques on reuse are over-looked.•A novel method to assess the reclamation potential of multi-material designs is developed.•The reclamation potential metric measures the ability for components to be re-deployed.•New and existing designs can be compared based on their transient reclamation potential.•Component replacements have a significant impact on life-cycle environmental impact.
A fully polymerized (cured) thermoset is no longer capable of flow like a thermoplastic to be recycled and reprocessed into a new object. Developing repairable, malleable and recyclable thermoset is ...necessary to reduce the ever-increasing polymer waste as well as to extent the service life of the existing polymer materials. As a new class of “recyclable” and/or “reprocessable” crosslinked polymer, “vitrimers” have just emerged in the recent decade. Vitrimers are permanently crosslinked polymers based on dynamic covalent networks. Such networks are stable at the service temperature yet become labile and reprocessable at elevated temperatures due to stimulus activated bond-exchange reactions. Because vitrimers combine the advantages of both thermosets and thermoplastics, they have received extensive attention. There are many vitrimer chemistries that have been reported. In this review, the discussion is focused on the developments of vitrimers based on dynamic transesterification reaction (DTER) between hydroxy groups and ester bonds, which is one of the most representative vitrimer chemistries. This review mainly includes the discussions of synthetic methods, vitrimer behaviors, application developments, and recycling methods. In addition, the challenges and outlook are also provided.
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This paper presents data on the chloride diffusion coefficient (Dcl), ageing coefficient (m) and chloride threshold (Clth) related to seven concrete mixes (four M35 and three M50) with OPC, OPC + PFA ...(pulverised fuel ash) and limestone-calcined clay cement (LC3). Using these, the service lives of a typical bridge pier and girder with the PFA and LC3 concrete were found to be much higher than those with OPC concrete of similar strength. From life-cycle assessment, the CO2 footprint of PFA and LC3 concrete were found to be significantly lower than those of OPC concrete of similar strength. Further, the CO2 emissions per unit of concrete per year of estimated service life, as a combined indicator of service life and carbon footprint, are similar for concrete with PFA and LC3, which are much lower than that with OPC.
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•Smart coatings auto-respond in synergy with inhibitors during damage occurrences.•Self-repairing action enhances the durability of smart coatings.•Nanoparticle dispersions contribute ...to tougher and more reliable coatings.•Multifunctionality of coatings relies on the stability of the reactive groups.
Smart coatings are innovative coatings that can react spontaneously, due to inbuilt stimuli-responsive mechanisms. The functionality obtained from these class of coatings at the metal-solution interface in aggressive environments has led to advances in anticorrosion studies and applications. This review emphasizes the effects of corrosion sensing, self-healing, anti-fouling, and self-cleaning coatings for corrosion inhibition of metallic materials. However, in keeping with the theme, novel coating designs with anticorrosive characteristics that outweigh the limitations in the use of conventional coatings have been discussed. Noting that the presence of high-quality nanoparticles in coating formulations has outweighed the effects of the microparticles. These have triggered unprecedented functionalities in the smart coatings. The smart coatings respond to single/multiple external stimuli such as light, dirt, pH changes, temperature, aggressive liquids, bio-foulant, impact, fatigue etc; and have demonstrated outstanding, barrier properties with scratch resistance, in-situ healing, superhydrophobicity, superoleophilicity, high optical transmission, thermal stability, and resistance to strong acids etc., resulting in extended service life of the coatings and the protected metallic materials. The utilization of smart coatings in complex, real-time conditions, effectively controls the triggers of metallic degradation, structural failures, and resource depletion.
Additional Cover Inoue, Masaru; Oyabu, Noriaki; Kaneko, Yoshiyuki ...
Journal of the Society for Information Display,
November 2020, 2020-11-00, 20201101, Letnik:
28, Številka:
11
Journal Article
The cover image is based on the Full Article Correlation between ion impurity in thermally activated delayed fluorescence organic light‐emitting diode materials and device lifetime by Masaru Inoue et ...al., https://doi.org/10.1002/jsid.922.
