A shared economy is a model of collaborative consumption by obtaining, giving, or sharing access to goods and services through online platforms. It is a marketplace that provides users with access to ...product benefits with temporary ownership. Digitalization has introduced new possibilities and conditions for sharing and exchanging goods and services, allowing users to compare offers and connect dynamically with the seller in real time. The paper presents the results of the survey conducted on a group of 1,620 prosumers and the practical applications of the analysis of the results. The research aimed to identify the main components of the co-sharing decision-making process and their importance in this process. A diagnostic survey was used in the study, and the collected data were statistically analyzed. The main findings are that there are common criteria for evaluating the model of sharing goods and services for the research population. They are: sharing preference, trust, realized benefits, propensity to propagate, risk awareness, aversion to sharing, willingness to share, and the limits of anonymity. Moreover, subjective satisfaction with the achieved income influences the perception of factors that are important in the decision-making process of sharing goods and services.
•Annual emission reductions of the eight bike share systems range from 41 to 5417 tons CO2-eq.•Bike share systems can only reduce less than 0.1% of GHG emissions from the transportation sector.•Bike ...share stations in the city center reduced more GHG emissions overall.•Bike share stations away from the city center reduced more GHG emissions per trip.
The emerging bike share systems provide convenient mobility to short-distance travelers for both leisure and commuting purposes. Many cities are rolling out bike share programs. However, few studies have evaluated how bike share systems (BSS) are used to quantify their sustainability impacts. This study proposes a Bike Share Emission Reduction Estimation Model (BS-EREM) to quantify the environmental benefits from bike share trips and compare the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions from BSS in eight cities in the United States, including New York, Chicago, Boston, Philadelphia, Washington D.C., Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Seattle. The BS-EREM model stochastically estimates the transportation modes substituted by bike share trips, considering factors such as trip distance, trip purpose, trip start time, the accessibility of public transits, and historical distributions of transportation mode choices. Based on average life cycle emission factors of different transportation modes, our analysis reveals that the annual GHG emission reductions contributed by the eight BSSs in year 2016 range from 41 tons of CO2-eq (Seattle) to 5417 tons of CO2-eq (New York City), while the emission reductions per trip range from 283 to 581 g CO2-eq. The total annual emission reduction is linearly correlated to the number of trips, bikes, and docks. The bike share stations located in the center of a city contributed to more total GHG emission reductions due to the high trip volumes, while the stations that are further away have higher emission reductions on a per trip basis due to longer trips and higher car substitution rate.
Increasing renewable energy is integrated with power systems and more flexibility is required to address the fluctuation problems caused by renewable energy. Advanced communication and measurement ...technologies enable the electric grids to approach smart grids which have more solutions for the high penetration of renewable energy. The shared economy as an emerging commercial model has attracted much attention and is widely applied in smart grids. This paper is focused on the state of the art of shared energy storage and transactive energy (TE) which are the typical applications of shared economy in smart grids. The concept, market structure, and demonstration projects of shared energy storage and TE are provided.
The transition to sustainable energy sources, driven by the need to address climate change and resource depletion, has led to the increasing adoption of renewable energy technologies. Among these ...sustainable alternatives, solar energy stands out prominently. Harnessing the power of the sun aligns with various Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by providing clean and affordable energy, promoting climate action, and supporting sustainable communities. Solar PV panels face challenges despite their advantages, including susceptibility to natural disruptions like hurricanes, hailstorms and extreme temperatures. In 2019, the solar energy sector experienced a stark contrast in losses, with average solar losses resulting from conventional natural disasters or severe weather conditions being nearly 24 times higher than the average losses unrelated to weather events. Furthermore, a significant 70% of solar losses within the past decade have emerged since 2017. Similarly, in 2019 hail storm damaged more than 400,000 solar panels and caused insurance losses totaling $70 million in Texas. The research addresses the effect of natural disruptions on investment decisions. It explores the viability of a sharing economy business model that allows multiple participants to collectively invest in solar PV systems and share the benefits to ensure the future expansion of solar PV installations. The study formulates the problem as a game theory model to strategize and find optimal solutions for both the standalone economy and sharing economy scenarios, considering operational costs, net metering and the unpredictability of natural disasters. By providing valuable insights into the dynamics of the PV market with the help of computational results, the research aims to enhance the resilience of solar installations and promote sustainable energy practices. Through this work, individuals and communities can make informed investment decisions, contributing to a cleaner, greener and more sustainable world.
•High disasters, costly repairs: prioritize sharing economy.•High operational price: incentivize sharing investment economy.•Low costs, few disasters: adopt standalone net-metering economy.
Purpose
Building on the multi-divisional business model (M-model), the purpose of this paper is to develop a better understanding of triadic business models – T-models – and how they create value for ...their three categories of stakeholders, i.e., the suppliers, the platform firm and the buyers. The research question that guides the present study is twofold: How is value created individually and collectively in triadic business models and what might challenge their sustainability?
Design/methodology/approach
Anchored in extant literature and a process of conceptual modeling with empirical examples from Uber, a new business model archetype was developed for two-sided markets mediated by a middleman.
Findings
The paper provides a theoretically and conceptually derived roadmap for sustainable business in a triadic business model, i.e., for the buyers, sellers and the platform firm. This model is coined the T-model. A number of propositions are derived that argue the relationship between key constructs. Finally, the future beyond the T-model is explored.
Research limitations/implications
The paper identifies, illustrates and discusses the ways in which value is created in sustainable T-models. First, value is created from a number of sources, not only from lower transaction costs. Second, it is proposed that it is not about a choice of either M-model or T-model but rather a continuum. Toward 2050, technology in general and Blockchain specifically may for some transactions or services, eliminate the need for middlemen. The main conclusion is that despite this development, there will, for most organizations, be elements of the M-model in all or most T-model businesses. In short: middlemen will have elements of the M-model embedded in the T-model when co creating value with buyers and sellers.
Originality/value
While two-sided T-models are not new to the business area, surprisingly no papers have systematically investigated, illustrated, and discussed how value is created among and between the three stakeholder categories of the T-model. With this insight, more sustainable T-models can be created.
In the past ten years, Airbnb has rapidly grown from a small, online bed and breakfast product to a leading peer-to-peer hospitality magnate which operates in eighty thousand cities globally. It now ...offers rooms-for-rent, entire houses for rent, and even allows people to book ‘experiences’ through the platform. Consequently, cities, researchers, and the concerned public are focusing more on its impacts and exploring viable ways to regulate and facilitate the business while minimizing its potentially negative effects. To better understand Airbnb's operation in US cities, this paper explored how demographics, socioeconomics, and transportation might affect Airbnb listings in forty US cities. The results showed that Airbnb rentals were more likely to locate in neighborhoods with good transit service, short distances to the city center, and high median house value and household income. This study indicated the possible social inequality risk in the shared economy.
•This study analyzed over 79,000 Airbnb listings in forty major US cities.•It found that Airbnb rentals were more likely to be in better neighborhoods closer to the city center and with good transit service.•This study indicated possible social inequality problems in Airbnb operation.
The emergence of the current forms of functioning of the economy has been conditioned mainly by factors such as technical, technological and informational innovations, but also by a change in the ...perception of values in society (e.g. attitudes towards the environment). One of the new (current) economic forms already implemented is the sharing/collaborative economy. The paper aims at identifying the meaning of the content of the term sharing/collaborative economy as well as the positives and negatives of the sharing/collaborative economy model in the current hyper-competitive globalisation environment (e.g. risks for standard economic sectors such as transport, accommodation and food services). The paper also includes a partial prediction of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the functioning of the sharing/collaborative economy.
•Developing an optimization model in the context of the mobile supply chains.•Expanding the idea of the shared factory.•Presenting a special kind of VRP where the number of customers is not ...given.•Proposing two metaheuristic algorithms to tackle the problem complexity.•Solving the flowshop scheduling problem with a temporary machine.
The mobile supply chain (MSC) is a new development that aims to help companies implement these ideas. In MSCs, production, distribution, and delivery of a product family is performed by a mobile factory (MF), which can be carried by truck and shared among different production sites. In this paper, a real-world application of mobile factories in the chemical industry is studied. Critical production assets (e.g. reactor) are carried by truck and can produce a product family locally. For this purpose, a mixed-integer mathematical model is developed to optimize the logistics costs of MSCs, concerning retailer/job-order allocation, production scheduling, and MF routing. The proposed optimization model is overly complex due to the three NP-hard sub-problems. Therefore, a neighborhood search and an evolutionary algorithm are developed to solve the problem in large-scale data sets. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithms can find a near-optimal solution in a reasonable time.
Improving the transport system to enhance women's access to social opportunities and services has been a key initiative in mitigating gender inequality. Studies have examined women's different travel ...demands and experiences from men, and the mismatch between women's demands and transport services. However, little attention has been given to the gender gap in ride-hailing usage in the context of the fast development of platform economy-based new transportation services. Thus, this paper examines the nexus between gender and inequalities in ride-hailing from the demand side. Two key questions are explored: if ride-hailing serves women more/less, how does this gender difference in using ride-hailing occur? Does the emergence of ride-hailing mitigate or deteriorate the existing gender gap in capability to move? An innovative integration of big data and time-space geography approaches is developed to examine the multi-source data collected from Chengdu, China. The modelling results indicate that ride-hailing emerges as an affordable travel mode addressing women's demand for long-distance travel in the Chinese context of women's high labour participation and thus the existence of a considerable number of employed women with a sizeable daily activity space and a considerable income. The gender gap in capability to move is thus mitigated by ride-hailing at an aggregate level. This paper calls for a more nuanced and context-specific understanding of how ride-hailing may provide challenges and opportunities to gender equity in daily travel.
The rapid technological progress that characterizes the digital economy has led to the emergence of many trends leading to potential developments. The digital economy has changed the distribution of ...global value chains in which multinational enterprises integrate their international activities, and it is necessary to monitor possible developments to assess their impact on tax systems. Thus, the on-demand collaborative/sharing economy has experienced significant growth and global coverage in recent years. The large number of new economic actors that can submit to the VAT regime can generate very high revenues as a result of the growth of the collaborative/sharing economy on demand and can determine considerable risks at an aggregate level, generating new administrative challenges. The objective of this article is to present the possible evolutions of the collaborative/sharing economy on demand, to assess their impact on tax systems, with digital platforms being at the forefront of its development and expansion.
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