Based on an in-depth survey of the literature, the purpose of the paper is to explore autonomous vehicle routing and navigation, mobility simulation and traffic flow prediction tools, and deep ...learning object detection technology in smart sustainable urban transport systems. We contribute to the literature by indicating that multi-sensor environmental data fusion, environment perception systems, and deep convolutional neural networks are pivotal in connected autonomous vehicles. Throughout April 2022, a quantitative literature review of the Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases was performed, with search terms including “smart sustainable urban transport systems” + “autonomous vehicle routing and navigation,” “mobility simulation and traffic flow prediction tools,” and “deep learning object detection technology.” As research published between 2021 and 2022 was inspected, only 89 articles satisfied the eligibility criteria. By taking out controversial or ambiguous findings (insufficient/irrelevant data), outcomes unsubstantiated by replication, too general material, or studies with nearly identical titles, we selected 15 mainly empirical sources. Data visualization tools: Dimensions (bibliometric mapping) and VOSviewer (layout algorithms). Reporting quality assessment tool: PRISMA. Methodological quality assessment tools include: AMSTAR, Dedoose, Distiller SR, and SRDR.
This study analyses the evolution and current dynamics of bilateral relations between Colombia and Ukraine. Since Ukraine gained independence in 1991, the relations existing between the parties still ...focus on those areas of cooperation to be partially developed when the country was a part of the Soviet Union. Taking into account institutional cooperation established between the states in recent years, this research outlines the promising collaboration in the sectors of their common interest and its potential impact on the regional relations in Europe and Latin America, as well as on the global system of international interactions as a whole. The authors used comprehensive methodology including both general and specific scientific research methods. Historical analysis allowed determining the dynamics of relations between Colombia and Ukraine in retrospect. Comparative analysis and synthesis helped to identify priority areas of the parties’ relations that are confirmed by the available quantitative and qualitative data given by the state institutions and the media. System analysis allowed determining the essence of relationships existing between the countries and their influence on the regional and global systems of international relations, and the forecasting method helped to contemplate the potential consequences of intensification of these interactions on the world arena. The analysed information proves that Colombia and Ukraine should deepen not only their practical cooperation but also strengthen its regulatory framework, and the article provides relevant recommendations. The parties should intensify cooperation at the global level, as their common position on the international stage could strengthen their role in the world and confirm their status as the important elements of the contemporary international system. Since the essence and development of bilateral relations between Colombia and Ukraine are hardly considered in both Ukrainian and international political science, their analysis and forecasting allow forming a new scientific concept to explore interactions between these states on the international arena that would take into consideration their regional and global significance, as well as determine progressive areas of cooperation in view of its intensity nowadays.
Social entrepreneurship is a pivotal theme that generates debates both in academia and industry. Even though the concept of social entrepreneurship has gained traction and become influential in a ...wide spectrum of areas, such as sociology, social work, the economy, and politics, an ambiguity persists with regard to its models and meanings. In this context, the paper aims to clarify the definition of social entrepreneurship by considering how the concept has informed a variety of theoretical approaches used to explore socioeconomic reality. This paper distinguishes between three perspectives: social entrepreneurship as a cultural orientation, social entrepreneurship as a management strategy, and social entrepreneurship as a political philosophy. Such a clarification could help entrepreneurial studies reach a new level of understanding by providing an analytical framework to navigate the intricate landscape o
The protection of social values is a priority mission of the state, by virtue of which the legislator elaborates a set of legal norms meant to defend the social and legal order. The social danger of ...contraventions expresses the violation of the most important social values that are protected by the contravention law, causing damages to individuals and legal entities. This fact justifies the interest of the legislator to sanction this type of illicit acts in order to restore the injured social and legal order. The correct legal qualification of the antisocial deed through the prism of the constitutive elements of contravention has a great importance in order to ensure a legal and an appropriate application of the institution of contravention liability. This scientific work particularly highlights one of the basic elements of contravention – the subject. The first part of this study reveals the notion and general conditions of the subject of contravention in correlation with the contravention legislation, pointing out the varieties of subjects, while the second part is meant for the special subject and the passive subject of contravention.
In the modern, globalised world, international relations have expanded from traditional issues of war and peace, which were dealt with by heads of state and career diplomats mainly on a bilateral ...basis, to include economic, environmental, humanitarian, cultural, educational, scientific, religious relations with the establishment of international organisations that act as platforms for coordinating the interests of different countries. The development of production, education, science, and environmental problems increase the importance of international relations, given the interdependence of countries, the impossibility of development without broad international cooperation, which requires a high level of tolerance and humanisation of relations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the features of modern international relations, changes in their guidelines towards broad cooperation between countries, peaceful resolution of conflicts and disputes, which mainstreams the search for tools most suitable in this regard. In the course of the study, the following methods of scientific cognition were used: comparative historical method, generalisation method, idealisation method, and the method of systematic approach. The study defined dialogue as a universal way of communication between subjects of international relations, the role of which in modern international relations has considerably increased. The study noted that in modern dialogue, the role of personal, cultural, and other features of its participants increases. Since it is dialogue in its various forms and manifestations that constitutes a universal form of coordination of the interests of subjects of different countries, and its spheres and range of subjects have substantially expanded, the development of purposeful forms of dialogue will contribute to the search for effective regulatory, institutional, communicative, and other forms of conflict resolution and coordination of interests aimed at developing international cooperation.
The article is based on a data collection from the project Marginal Rural, a grant of Romanian Academy, carried out between 2019 and 2022. The aim of the project was to collect data from several ...rural and small urban communities and analyze socio-demographic data, but also look at indicators regarding infrastructure, health and education services, sources of income, local employers, or the phenomenon of migration for working. The analysis included different perspectives, respectively an institutional one (through the opinions of representatives of public institutions), an entrepreneurial one (through the opinion reflected in interviews with local entrepreneurs) and the vulnerable groups’ one (through the opinions reflected from the focus group organized with disadvantaged people). We looked at the phenomenon of rural development/underdevelopment and potential marginalized rural areas. Marginalization represents a social phenomenon, fuelled by the socio-economic context that followed the 1989 revolution. The completion of the transition from the socialist regime towards free-market economy implied high social costs for a part of the population, including poverty and social exclusion.
In modern international realities, one of the most relevant and at the same time controversial topics remains gender equality between men and women, which means the legal principle and legal status ...of a person in relations with state authorities, which excludes discrimination based on gender. Gender equality thus reflects political and social changes in society. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the fact that one of the conditions for EU membership is to bring national legislation in line with European law, including compliance with legal procedures in the field of gender equality. Gender policy in society is the activity of numerous bodies and institutions of state power, which is aimed at achieving equality between men and women in all spheres of life, namely in the social, economic, and political spheres. Respect for the equality of all citizens is a mandatory requirement for EU membership. The purpose of the study is to analyse the institutional and regulatory aspect of the development of gender policy in modern society and determine the main trends in the development of the European gender balance policy in the world. Methods: the gender approach allows studying the political component of society and define such basic concepts as "gender policy", and "gender equality". Based on these fundamental concepts, an analysis of the political participation of men and women was conducted, comparing their roles and opportunities within the framework of European and Ukrainian legislation. The materials of the study are of practical value for the Ukrainian state in connection with the country's chosen course towards European integration.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an upward trend in domestic violence cases at the international and, of course, national level. In fact, over time it has been shown that there are links between ...various natural disasters or pandemics and the increase in these cases. The first part of the study provides a brief theoretical analysis of domestic violence, as well as the main forms of manifestation and consequences for the victim. The second part focuses on the interrelationship between the sanitary measures imposed in the pandemic context and the impact on the evolution of this problem, as well as the identification of general factors that contributed to the emergence and maintenance of domestic violence, before and especially in the first year of the pandemic. Through the secondary data analysis, the third part of the study highlights the trends of domestic violence in Romania in the period between 2016-2020, focusing on the first year of the pandemic (2020), by looking at the statistics provided by the National Agency for Equality of Chances between women and men (ANES). The last part of our paper offers a series of discussions and conclusions on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the evolution of domestic violence cases. The main limitation of the study was a time deficit in the supply of specific statistics for 2021, as well as the general unpredictability of the pandemic in terms of future trends in domestic violence and case reporting.
The development of the political culture among students is a process that is influenced by various historical, social, economic, and political factors. In order to streamline this process, to deprive ...it of spontaneity, it is important to outline the purposes and tasks that the Ukrainian society sets for itself to build a democratic rule of law state. The study is aimed at analysing the political culture of the Ukrainian population and identifying changes in the Ukrainian political culture. The methodological basis of the research is a set of philosophical, general, and specialised research methods. The study proves that the key element of identity policy is the implementation, maintenance, and adjustment of symbolic boundaries between people. The authors analyse the relationship between social boundaries and symbolic boundaries, examine the role of symbolic boundaries in the political sphere and their place in symbolic politics, show how symbolic boundaries are used in various forms and areas of identity politics. The study analyses the specific features of Ukrainian internal political development, the fluctuations occurring in the country between the presidential-parliamentary and parliamentary-presidential government forms. The authors concluded that the causes for the development of a new political culture as a stabiliser and destabiliser in society indicate the complete absence of clear purposes and objectives at all levels of this culture and the urgent need for stability and cultural rationalism to resolve social contradictions. The practical significance of the research lies in the experimental verification of the conditions that contribute to the intensified development of political culture; introduction of the methodology on the development of political culture to citizens.
