Imigrasi telah menjadi bagian dari sejarah manusia, bahkan hingga sebelum masehi.Kondisi imigran saat ini menjadikan banyak negara mengalami dilemma yang sangat besar dalam hal penanganan dan ...pengintegrasian imigran.Hal ini tidak mudah bagi para imigran dikarenakan adanya pro dan kontra oleh masyarakat di negara penerima mengenai kehadiran imigran, yang menyadikan masalah ini semakin rumit.Seperti yang terjadi di Amerika Serikat, Australia, Beberapa negara Eropa dan juga Indonesia. Tetapi pada kenyataan imigran seringkali memberikan kontribusi yang luar biasa dibidang ekonomi, budaya, tetapi disaat yang sama juga imigran sering kali menimbulkan masalah yang besar.
Abstract
Loneliness has become a big issue in the time of the COVID pandemic. The attention to the topic also has to do with the increase in people living alone in Europe, although this also has to ...do with prosperity. Living alone does not yet mean being lonely. In the scientific discussion and especially in the measures, a differentiation must be made between loneliness, solitude and social disintegration. Poor social integration is easily measurable and has a lot to do with the physical health (mobility, vision and hearing) of the people concerned. However, the extent to which participation in social and cultural opportunities is possible, for example through the expansion of public transport, also plays an important role.
Loneliness, on the other hand, is by definition subjective and strongly linked to mental health. It describes the subjective suffering of missing or unsatisfactory social relationships, lack of integration and security. Loneliness is often found in two peaks, among the young and the old. Political and public health campaigns often focus on social integration measures. However, measures to combat loneliness mean first and foremost recognising mental illness in old age, especially depression. But they also mean providing help to people with long-term mental illness in old age.
Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
Introduction
Approximately 21.2 million people with im- migrant backgrounds live in Germany, which constituted 26% of its total population in 2020. Approximately 67% of immigrants are from European ...countries, including Turkey. Turks account for 13.2% of immigrants and constitute one of the largest immigrant groups (Statistisches Bundesamt, 2020). The integration processes and life satisfaction of new wave Turkish immigrants are differ from the first and second generation Turkish immigrants.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of perceived discrimination on their integration process and life satisfaction of new wave Turkish immigrants living in Germany.
Methods
The Community Integration Measure (CIM), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), The Perceived Discrimination Scale (PDS) were used. Pearson correlation and Regression tests were used in our analyses to observe the differences in scale scores according to the variables. The relationship between the scale scores was analysed with the Pearson correlation test. The effect between the scale scores was analysed with the regression test.
Results
The findings demonstrated that there was a significant negative relationship between perceived discrimination and social integration (p=0,05) as well as life satisfaction (p=0,05). In addition, there was a significant and positive relationship between social integration and life satisfaction of new wave Turkish immigrant participants.
Conclusions
The integration process and life satisfaction of new wave Turkish immigrants decreased when they perceive discrimination in their daily lives. However, the level of life satisfaction increased when they integrate into German society without any perceived discrimination.
Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
This study examines the relationship between social capital and labour market integration of new refugees in the UK using the Survey of New Refugees (SNR). Our findings suggest that length of ...residency and language competency broaden one's social networks. Contacts with religious and co-national groups bring help with employment and housing. The mere possession of networks is not enough to enhance access to employment. However, the absence of social networks does appear to have a detrimental effect on access to work. The type of social capital appears to have no significant impact on the permanency or quality of employment. Rather, language competency, pre-migration qualifications and occupations, and time in the UK are most important in accessing work. Our findings also have clear implications for both asylum and integration policy. The unequivocal importance of language ability for accessing employment points to a clear policy priority in improving competency.
Diversity and prosocial behavior Baldassarri, Delia; Abascal, Maria
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science),
09/2020, Letnik:
369, Številka:
6508
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Immigration and globalization have spurred interest in the effects of ethnic diversity in Western societies. Most scholars focus on whether diversity undermines trust, social capital, and collective ...goods provision. However, the type of prosociality that helps heterogeneous societies function is different from the in-group solidarity that glues homogeneous communities together. Social cohesion in multiethnic societies depends on whether prosocial behavior extends beyond close-knit networks and in-group boundaries. We identify two features of modern societies-social differentiation and economic interdependence-that can set the stage for constructive interactions with dissimilar others. Whether societal adaptations to diversity lead toward integration or division depends on the positions occupied by minorities and immigrants in the social structure and economic system, along with the institutional arrangements that determine their political inclusion.
Im Jahr 2018 wurden 672 270 Menschen in den EU-27-Staaten eingebürgert (Eurostat 2020). Schaut man dabei nach der Einbürgerungsquote, der Zahl der Einbürgerungen pro 100 ausländische Einwohner, wird ...die Variation innerhalb Europas deutlich. Mit 7,2 Einbürgerungen je 100 ansässiger Ausländer war die Einbürgerungsquote in Schweden 2018 am höchsten und mit 0,4% in Estland am niedrigsten. Deutschland liegt mit 1,2 Einbürgerungen je 100 ansässiger Ausländer unter dem europäischen Durchschnitt. Einbürgerungen sind nicht nur relevant für den Integrationsprozess, sie sind auch das Fundament einer demokratischen Gesellschaft, da Staatsbürger diese am aktivsten mitgestalten können. Das spielt auch eine wichtige Rolle in Deutschland, da hier die ausländische Bevölkerung 2019 11,2 Millionen betrug, von denen ein Drittel (4,2 Millionen) schon mehr als 15 Jahre in Deutschland lebt (Destatis 2019).
We propose an integrative model for the adaptation of immigrant-origin children and youth that combines ecological with risk and resilience frameworks. Immigrant-origin children and youth are now, ...and will continue to be, a diverse and demographically important segment of all postindustrial nations' populations. Synthesizing evidence across psychological, educational, and sociological disciplines produced since the seminal publication of García Coll et al.'s (1996) model, along with significant events such as a global refugee crisis, a sociopolitical "deportation nation" climate, and heightened xenophobia, we provide a model for understanding the current conditions immigrant-origin children and youth encounter as they develop. This new integrative conceptual model for addressing positive frameworks for adaptation provides a culturally relevant approach for understanding both the risks and resilience of this population. The model was designed to inform practice and future research in the service of immigrant-origin children and youth.
Objective: Social support and social integration have been linked to lower rates of morbidity and mortality. However, the biological mechanisms responsible for such links need greater attention to ...advance theory and unique intervention opportunities. The main aim of this article was to conduct a meta-analytic review of the association between social support-social integration and inflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin-6, C-reactive protein) and test several proposed moderators from prior qualitative reviews. Method: A literature search was conducted using the ancestry approach and with databases PsycInfo, Medline, and EMBASE by crossing the exact keywords social support or social integration with inflammation. The review identified 41 studies with a total of 73,037 participants. Results: The omnibus meta-analysis showed that social support-social integration were significantly related to lower levels of inflammation (Zr = −.073). These results were not moderated by the operationalization of social relationships or the type of population, cytokine, and design. Conclusions: These data suggest that inflammation is at least one important biological mechanism linking social support and social integration to the development and course of disease. Future work should continue to build on this review and address next-generation questions regarding antecedent processes, mechanisms, and other potential moderators.
"Within migration studies literature there is a tendency to assume that migrants have ready access to kin and friendship networks which facilitate the migration and settling processes. Through tight ...bonds of trust and reciprocity, these networks are considered to be sources of social capital, providing a counter-balance to the disadvantages that migrants may encounter in the destination society. This paper argues that more attention is needed to the ways in which migrants access, maintain and construct different types of networks, in varied social locations, with diverse people. I suggest that the often simplistic dichotomy of bonding and bridging capital needs to be re-appraised and instead offer an alternative way of thinking about these social ties. The distinction between them tends to be understood on the basis of the ethnicity of the people involved - bonding involves close ties with 'people like us' while bridging involves links beyond 'group cleavages'. Insufficient attention has been paid to the actual resources flowing between these ties or the kinds of relationship developing between the actors involved. The nature of these social networks may be better understood by focusing on the relationship between the actors, their relative social location, and their available and realisable resources. Data from a qualitative study of Polish migrants in London is used to illustrate this approach." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku). Die Untersuchung enthält quantitative Daten. Forschungsmethode: empirisch-qualitativ; empirisch; Befragung. Die Untersuchung bezieht sich auf den Zeitraum 2006 bis 2007.
One of the most common ways by which ideas influence policy outcomes is by facilitating the construction of a political coalition. The ideas that have this capacity we call coalition magnets, and ...this contribution explains how coalition magnets open a path for policy reform. The key components of a coalition magnet are the ambiguous or polysemic character of the idea that makes it attractive to groups that might otherwise have different interests, and the power of policy entrepreneurs who employ the idea in their coalition-building efforts. We illustrate the utility of the concept with an examination of three ideas that were creatively employed to construct new policy coalitions: sustainability; social inclusion; and solidarity.
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