Uvod: Zdravo prehranjevanje, telesna aktivnost in spanje so pomembne določilnice življenjskega sloga mladostnikov. Namen raziskave je bil preučiti povezave prehranskih vzorcev mladostnikov z njihovim ...življenjskim slogom, analizirati razlike glede na spol in regijo bivanja ter ugotoviti povezave med posameznimi vzorci življenjskega sloga. Metode: Raziskava je bila opravljena spomladi 2019 na populaciji dijakov 3. letnikov (n = 1563) naključno izbranih srednjih šol v Sloveniji. Njihova povprečna starost je bila 18 let. Za namen raziskave je bil uporabljen anonimni anketni vprašalnik, izdelan v spletnem orodju 1KA, ki je vseboval 30 vprašanj. S programom SPSS je bila izvedena opisna in inferenčna statistika. Za testiranje statistično značilnih razlik smo uporabili t-test, statistično značilno povezanost smo preverjali s pomočjo statistike χ2 ter s Spearmanovim korelacijskim koeficientom. Rezultati: Raziskava je pokazala, da je primanjkljaj vnosa zelenjave, stročnic in rib glede na priporočila večji kot pri vnosu sadja; poleg tega je večji v vzhodni regiji. Med regijama smo ugotovili razlike v stanju hranjenosti, ki so statistično značilne (U = 275,597, p = 0,003). Dokazali smo pozitivno povezavo med pogostostjo zajtrkovanja med tednom in količino spanja (rs = 0,177, p = 0,001) ter negativno povezavo med sedentarnim vedenjem in redno telesno aktivnostjo mladostnikov v prostem času (rs = –0,113, p = 0,001). Diskusija in zaključek: Prehranske navade anketiranih mladostnikov niso skladne s priporočili. Prav tako mladostniki ne dosegajo priporočil za telesno aktivnost. Prihodnje raziskave bi se morale bolj osredotočiti na starejše mladostnike (18–24 let) ter na povezanost posameznih dejavnikov življenjskega sloga.
Izobraževalna pot študentov medicine je dolgotrajna in zahtevna. Usklajevanje študijskih obveznosti, obštudijskih dejavnosti in skrbi za zdravje je lahko za mlade velik izziv, za katerega so ...posamezniki različno dobro opremljeni. Naš narativni pregledni članek povzema doslej znane raziskave o vplivu študija medicine na dejavnike življenjskega sloga in determinante zdravja ter s tem na telesno in duševno zdravje posameznika. Raziskave glede vpliva teh dejavnikov smo pridobili prek iskalnih nizov s ključnimi besedami. Ugotovili smo, da nekakovostna, nezadostna in neredna prehrana v kombinaciji s pomanjkanjem telesne dejavnosti in sedečim slogom življenja vpliva na neželene spremembe telesne sestave ter poveča tveganje za razvoj presnovnih motenj ter akutnih in kroničnih zdravstvenih težav. Zdravstvene težave dodatno poglablja tudi pomanjkanje spanja in kronični stres zaradi zahtev študija, kar lahko vodi tudi v razvoj duševnih motenj. Vse to ne prispeva le k zmanjšanju študijskega uspeha študentov, temveč tudi do zdravstvenih težav številnih mladih, ki se že na začetku svoje zahtevne kariere soočajo z njimi. V Sloveniji zaenkrat nimamo sistematičnih raziskav, ki bi omogočale oceno vpliva dejavnikov življenjskega sloga in kroničnega stresa na zdravje slovenskih študentov medicine.
Spain's development from a premodern society into a modern unified nation-state with an integrated economy was painfully slow and varied widely by region. Economic historians have long argued that ...high internal transportation costs limited domestic market integration, while at the same time the Castilian capital city of Madrid drew resources from surrounding Spanish regions as it pursued its quest for centralization. According to this view, powerful Madrid thwarted trade over large geographic distances by destroying an integrated network of manufacturing towns in the Spanish interior.
The book makes a major new contribution to the sociology of employment by comparing the quality of working life in European societies with very different institutional systems - France, Germany, ...Great Britain, Spain, and Sweden. It focuses in particular on skills and skill development, opportunities for training, the scope for initiative in work, the difficulty of combining work and family life, and the security of employment. Drawing on a range of nationally representative surveys, it reveals striking differences in the quality of work in different European countries. It also provides for the first time rigorous comparative evidence on the experiences of different types of employee and an assessment of whether there has been a trend over time to greater polarization between a core workforce of relatively privileged employees and a peripheral workforce suffering from cumulative disadvantage. It explores the relevance of three influential theoretical perspectives, focussing respectively on the common dynamics of capitalist societies, differences in production regimes between capitalist societies, and differences in the institutional systems of employment regulation. It argues that it is the third of these - an 'employment regime' perspective - that provides the most convincing account of the factors that affect the quality of work in capitalist societies. The findings underline the importance of differences in national policies for people's experiences of work and point to the need for a renewal at European level of initiatives for improving the quality of work. Available in OSO: http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/oso/public/content/economicsfinance/0199230102/toc.html Contributors to this volume - Martina Dieckhoff is Post-doctoral research fellow at the Danish National Institute of Social Research in Copenhagen. Duncan Gallie is an Official Fellow of Nuffield College, Oxford, and Professor of Sociology of the University of Oxford. Jean-Marie Jungblut is a researcher and project leader at the Centre of European Social Research (MZES) in Mannheim. Philip J. O'Connell is Research Professor and head of the Education and Labour Market Research Division at the Economic and Social Research Institute in Dublin. Stefani Scherer is a research fellow at Milano-Bicocca University, Department of Sociology and Social Research. Nadia Steiber is a Research Associate at the Institute of Sociology and Social Research at the Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration. Michael Tahlin is Professor of Sociology at the Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI), Stockholm University. Serge Paugam is Professor of sociology and Director of the Department of Doctoral Studies in Sociology at the EHESS (Paris). He is also Director of a research team on Social Inequalities in the Centre Maurice Halbwachs (CNRS/EHESS/ENS). Ying Zhou is Research Officer at Nuffield College, Oxford.
Previous studies among the Serbian population concluded that the trend of self-medication with tranquillizers and sleeping pills requires deeper study. The objective is to identify gender differences ...in socio-demographic, health, and health service predictors of self-medication with tranquillizers and sleeping pills in a Serbian population of 15 years old and above.
This was a population-based, cross-sectional study. Data was extracted from the most recently available results of the Serbian National Health Survey of 2013. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine independent self-medication predictors.
The study included 14,623 participants, of which 51.77% were female. While 5.6% of the females reported self-medication with tranquillizers and sleeping pills, only 2.2% of males reported such practice (p<0.001). The presence of chronic disease, stress, and physical pain in the last month before the interview was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of self-medication with observed drugs in both genders. Age was the most significant socio-demographic predictor of self-medication in females, while in males it was unemployment. Women of 55-65 years of age showed a greater risk from self-medication with tranquillizers and sleeping pills in comparison to women of 15-24 years of age (aOR=4.75, 95% CI: 1.83-12.33). Unemployed males showed a greater tendency for such practice in comparison to employed (aOR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.19-2.91).
The findings highlighted predictors of self-medication with tranquillizers and sleeping pills and important differences between genders, which may contribute to the design of gender-sensitive surveillance, identification, and the prevention of such undesirable practices through evidence-based and appropriately tailored public health actions.
"In the course of my research," writes D. Fairchild Ruggles, "I devoured Arabic agricultural manuals from the tenth through the fourteenth centuries. I love gardening, and in these texts I was able ...to enter the minds of agriculturalists and botanists of a thousand years ago who likewise believed it was important and interesting to record all the known ways of propagating olive trees, the various uses of rosemary, and how best to fertilize a garden bed." Western admirers have long seen the Islamic garden as an earthly reflection of the paradise said to await the faithful. However, such simplification, Ruggles contends, denies the sophistication and diversity of the art form.Islamic Gardens and Landscapesimmerses the reader in the world of the architects of the great gardens of the Islamic world, from medieval Morocco to contemporary India. Just as Islamic culture is historically dense, sophisticated, and complex, so too is the history of its built landscapes. Islamic gardens began from the practical need to organize the surrounding space of human civilization, tame nature, enhance the earth's yield, and create a legible map on which to distribute natural resources. Ruggles follows the evolution of these early farming efforts to their aristocratic apex in famous formal gardens of the Alhambra in Spain and the Taj Mahal in Agra. Whether in a humble city home or a royal courtyard, the garden has several defining characteristics, which Ruggles discusses. Most notable is an enclosed space divided into four equal parts surrounding a central design element. The traditional Islamic garden is inwardly focused, usually surrounded by buildings or in the form of a courtyard. Water provides a counterpoint to the portioned green sections. Ranging across poetry, court documents, agronomy manuals, and early garden representations, and richly illustrated with pictures and site plans,Islamic Gardens and Landscapesis a book of impressive scope sure to interest scholars and enthusiasts alike.
Spain's infamous "false chronicles" were alleged to have been unearthed in 1595 in a monastic library deep in the heart of the German-speaking territories of the Holy Roman Empire by the Jesuit ...priest Jerónimo Román de la Higuera. Though rife with anachronisms and chronological inaccuracies, these four volumes of invented "truths" about Spanish sacred history radically transformed the religious landscape in Counter-Reformation Spain and were not definitively exposed as forgeries until centuries later, after nearly two hundred years of scholarly debate.In this fascinating study, Katrina B. Olds explores the history, the author, and the legacy of one of the world's most compelling and consequential frauds. The book examines how a relatively obscure Jesuit priest so successfully fabricated a set of supposedly historical documents that they were accepted as authentic for generation after generation. In fact, the chronicles exerted such a powerful influence that they continued to shape scholarly discourse, religious practice, and local heritage throughout Spain well into the twentieth century, despite having been debunked as forgeries in the eighteenth. Olds's fascinating analysis brings together intellectual, cultural, religious, and political history while reinvigorating an ongoing debate on the uses and abuses of history and the nature of historical and religious truth.
Het manuscript van Francesco Bocchi uit 1585 vormt het begin van een reeks vroeg zeventiende-eeuwse Italiaanse geschiedenissen over de Nederlandse Opstand. Religieuze, politieke, militaire en ...commerciële factoren lagen ten grondslag aan de Italiaanse nieuwsgierigheid voor de Opstand. In deze bijdrage wordt een aspect van de bijzondere Italiaanse interesse voor het voetlicht gebracht dat nog niet goed is bestudeerd. Aan de hand van Bocchi’s handschrift zal worden aangetoond dat schrijven over het buitenland blijkbaar een geschikt middel was om actuele lokale en nationale politieke kwesties ter discussie te stellen. Het ongepubliceerde werk van Bocchi is zo’n voorbeeld van geschiedschrijving over een ander land dat de Florentijnse auteur in de gelegenheid stelde kritiek te leveren op de gang van zaken in het Spaans-Habsburgse leger en het Spaanse beleid in Italië.
Le premier ouvrage historique italien sur la Révolte des Pays-Bas par Francesco Bocchi : la chronique d’une guerre ou la biographie d’un héros de guerre ?
Le manuscrit de Francesco Bocchi de 1585 est le premier d’une série de chroniques italiennes sur la Révolte des Pays-Bas datant du début du XVIIe siècle. Des éléments religieux, politiques, militaires et commerciaux expliquent la curiosité italienne pour la Révolte. Le présent article traite un aspect de cet extraordinaire intérêt italien, qui n’a pas encore été bien étudié. Le manuscrit de Bocchi montre qu’écrire sur l’étranger était apparemment un bon moyen pour mettre en cause des questions politiques locales et nationales de l’époque. L’oeuvre non publiée de Bocchi est un exemple d’une historiographie sur un autre pays qui donnait à l’auteur florentin la possibilité de critiquer le cours des choses dans l’armée hispano-habsbourgeoise ainsi que la politique espagnole en Italie.
The First Italian History of the Dutch Revolt by Francesco Bocchi : Chronicle of a War or Biography of a War Hero ?
Francesco Bocchi’s manuscript from 1585 marks the beginning of a host of early seventeenth century Italian histories of the Dutch Revolt. Religious, political, military, and commercial factors underlay the Italian curiosity about the Revolt. This article centres on an aspect of the extraordinary Italian interest that has not been well studied so far. It will be demonstrated, based on Bocchi’s manuscript, that writing about foreign countries proved to be an appropriate way to bring current local and national political issues up for discussion. Bocchi’s unpublished work is a typical example of writing history of another country that enabled the Florentine author to criticize the state of affairs in the Spanish-Habsburg army and Spanish policies in Italy.
Reijner Cees. Het eerste Italiaanse geschiedwerk over de Opstand: Francesco Bocchi’s kroniek van een oorlog of biografie van een Italiaanse oorlogsheld?. In: Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, tome 95, fasc. 2, 2017. Histoire Médiévale, Moderne et Contemporaine – Middleleeuwse, Moderne en Hedendaagse Geschiedenis. pp. 297-320.
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