The purpose of this study was to investigate the visual results and patient satisfaction after implantation of an extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) intraocular lens (IOL) in the second eye of patients ...implanted previously with a monofocal IOL in the first eye.
The medical records and self-reported questionnaires from patients who were implanted with monofocal IOLs in the first eye and EDOF IOLs in the second eye (group A) and from patients implanted bilaterally with EDOF IOLs (group B) were compared for visual acuity (VA), spectacle independence, patient satisfaction, and photic phenomena.
Group A (23 eyes of 23 patients) had similar distance uncorrected VA and intermediate uncorrected VA compared with group B (72 eyes of 36 patients) (0.03±0.05 vs. 0.04±0.16; P=0.136 and 0.660, respectively). There was a tendency toward a better near uncorrected VA in group A compared with group B (0.15±0.14 vs. 0.23±0.17; P=0.074). Patients' perception of their VA was similar between groups. Spectacle independence for distance vision was reported by 16/17 (94.1%) and 35/36 (97.2%) patients (P=0.543), 13/17 (76.5%) and 32/36 (88.9%) patients (P=0.252) for intermediate vision, and 4/17 (23.6%) and 22/36 (61.1%) patients for near vision (P=0.011), in groups A and B, respectively. There was no difference in complaints of photic phenomena between groups.
Patients previously implanted with a monofocal IOL in 1 eye who are interested in improving their spectacle independence can be considered for an EDOF IOL implantation in the second eye and may have similar results to those implanted bilaterally with EDOF IOLs.
In the 1980s, Egypt witnessed a growing revival of religiosity among large sectors of the population, including artists. Many pious stars retired from art, "repented" from "sinful" activities, and ...dedicated themselves to worship, preaching, and charity. Their public conversions were influential in spreading piety to the Egyptian upper class during the 1990s, which in turn enabled the development of pious markets for leisure and art, thus facilitating the return of artists as veiled actresses or religiously committed performers.
Revisiting the story she began in"A Trade like Any Other": Female Singers and Dancers in Egypt, Karin van Nieuwkerk draws on extensive fieldwork among performers to offer a unique history of the religious revival in Egypt through the lens of the performing arts. She highlights the narratives of celebrities who retired in the 1980s and early 1990s, including their spiritual journeys and their influence on the "pietization" of their fans, among whom are the wealthy, relatively secular, strata of Egyptian society. Van Nieuwkerk then turns to the emergence of a polemic public sphere in which secularists and Islamists debated Islam, art, and gender in the 1990s. Finally, she analyzes the Islamist project of "art with a mission" and the development of Islamic aesthetics, questioning whether the outcome has been to Islamize popular art or rather to popularize Islam. The result is an intimate thirty-year history of two spheres that have tremendous importance for Egypt-art production and piety.
How It Feels to Be Free tells a story about black women entertainers and their relationships to the civil rights/black power movement. The book focuses on six performers: singer and film star Lena ...Horne; South African singer Miriam Makeba; pianist‐vocalist Nina Simone; jazz singer and actress Abbey Lincoln; and stage, film, and television actresses Diahann Carroll and Cicely Tyson. All six were more than “just” entertainers, all six took risks when they used their celebrity status to support civil rights, and all six insisted, in all sorts of ways, that the liberation they desired could not separate race from sex. By bringing them center stage, the book demonstrates the multiple ways that culture mattered to black activism in the 1960s; there was far more to culture and civil rights than “We Shall Overcome.” How It Feels to Be Free also explores the transnational circulation of black politics and culture; women celebrities who were popular around the globe helped to “export” ideas about black activism in the United States, but their experiences abroad also shaped their participation in U.S. activism. Finally, this book argues that gender was critical to the simultaneous development of black activism and feminism. These women did not call themselves feminists; but with their performances in music, film, and television, and their work in front of and away from cameras, they offered critiques and made demands that became central tenets of feminism generally and of black feminism specifically.
Purpose
Most patients report being highly satisfied with the outcome of cataract surgery but there are variable reports regarding the impact of cataract surgery on some real‐world activities, such as ...fall rates. We hypothesised that adaptations to changed refractive correction and visual function may cause difficulties in undertaking everyday activities for some patients and used a series of focus groups to explore this issue.
Method
Qualitative methods were used to explore patients’ experiences of their vision following cataract surgery, including adaptation to vision changes and their post‐surgical spectacle prescription. Twenty‐six participants took part in five focus groups (Mean age = 68.2 ± 11.4 years), and the data were analysed using thematic analysis.
Results
We identified three themes. ‘Changes to Vision’ explores participants’ adaptation following cataract surgery. While several had problems with tasks relying on binocular vision, few found them bothersome and they resolved following second eye surgery. Participants described a trial and error approach to solving these problems rather than applying solutions suggested by their eyecare professionals. ‘Prescription Restrictions’ describes the long‐term vision problems that pre‐surgery myopic patients experienced as a consequence of becoming emmetropic following surgery and thus needing spectacles for reading and other close work activities, which they did not need before surgery. Very few reported that they had the information or time to make a decision regarding their post‐operative correction. ‘Information Needs’ describes participant’s responses to the post‐surgical information they were given, and the unmet information need regarding when they can drive following surgery.
Conclusion
The findings highlight the need for clinicians to provide information on adaptation effects, assist patients to select the refractive outcome that best suits their lifestyle, and provide clear advice about when patients can start driving again. Patients need to be provided with better guidance from clinicians and prescribing guidelines for clinicians would be beneficial, particularly for the period between first‐ and second‐eye surgery.
This article investigates how China fantasised about itself and the Beijing 2008 Olympics through the award-winning TV public service announcements (PSAs) of the Beijing Opera Series, with a focus on ...visibility. By drawing on theories of the spectacle, I perform a semiotic analysis of the most recurrent signs, organising them according to the main themes that emerge. The theatre stage – which represents the Olympic stage – is closely linked to China’s dream of owning the Games and its desire for global visibility. The performance includes the theatrical performance of the Beijing Opera and the performance of civilisation, which semiotically over-determines the Games. The protagonists include famous actors and roles of Beijing Opera (i.e. Dan, who is an anthropomorphic metaphor for China), as well as ordinary people, who are extraordinary for their high degree of civilisation. The spectators, especially through the intradiegetic presence of a Western male Other, validate the country’s performative success and confirm its achieved global visibility.
Gloriana Living History and Dance perform at the EDC Online Festival 2020. Inspired by some of the intermezzi from the celebrations for the wedding of Grand Duke Ferdinando I to Christine of Lorraine ...in 1589, we sailed into harbour, where the ship’s mast became a Maypole around which we danced to Jenny Pluck Pears, The Nine Muses and Chiranzano, then sailed away.
The Debord’s Society of the Spectacle: towards the Integrated Spectacle. Published in 1967, the Society of the Spectacle by Guy Debord continues to be a very important tool to observe our reality. ...Starting from the analysis of commodity fetishism in Marx, which Debord draws on, and the vision of Benjamin about the fundamental role of the magic aspects of the commodity, the paper wondering how human life is changing when, according to Debord, commodity completely involves the social life. By analyzing the various socio-historical phases in which goods have been turned into a spectacle (from les passages to the World Expositions), adopting the principle of visibility – produced by the culture of bourgeois democracy – we reach the current situation, characterized by rhythms and stimuli that saturate the communicative and social spaces. Nowadays, a relationship of mutual complementarity is established between flow of communication and spectacle. It can be said that the “Integrated Spectacle”, mentioned by Debord in the “Comments on the society of the Spectacle” (1988) has come true: a model dominated by representations in which the spectacle is totally merged with the social culture, and the experience of reality is filtered by media. In order to emerge from the communication flow of contemporary society, spectacular events of great impact are increasingly necessary. In the era of the “attention economy”, where the scarce resource is the attention ability of consumers, daily bombed by myriads of stimuli and information, spectacle seems to be the predominantly model even used.
Abstract
Objectives
Myopia is a major public health problem and it is essential to find safe and effective means to control its progression. The study design and baseline data are presented for a ...one-year prospective, double-masked, crossover, randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of single vision spectacle lenses with concentric rings of slightly aspherical contiguous lenslets technology (SAL) on myopia control.
Methods
One hundred 8- to 13-year old Chinese children with a refractive error of -0.75 D to -4.75 D were assigned to two groups. In Group 1, SAL and single vision lenses were each worn for 6 months, and Group 2 wore the lenses in the reversed order. Primary outcomes are axial length and spherical equivalent of cycloplegic refractive error. Secondary outcomes included corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, visual acuity, and lens adaptation.
Results
No significant differences in baseline parameters (cycloplegic spherical equivalent, axial length, age) were found between groups (0.49 <
p
< 0.94). All children adapted well to the test lenses and there was no significant difference in visual acuity between the SAL and single vision lenses (
p
= 0.27).
Conclusions
The children in the two well balanced groups had comparable visual acuity and adapted well to the test lenses. These results imply that visual acuity can be well improved by SAL lenses. Clear visual acuity provides the assurance for good compliance in this longitudinal study.
Zusammenfassung
Studienziel
Das Ziel der Studie war die Evaluierung der visuellen und refraktiven Ergebnisse sowie der Patientenzufriedenheit nach bilateraler Implantation einer primären ...kapselfixierten Intraokularlinse (IOL) und einer additiven sulcusfixierten trifokalen IOL.
Studieneinrichtung
Lehrkrankenhaus der Barmherzigen Brüder, Abteilung für Augenheilkunde, Wien, Österreich.
Design
Prospektive Fallserie.
Methode
Bei allen Patienten wurde bilateral eine monofokale IOL intrakapsulär implantiert, gefolgt von der Implantation einer additiven Sulcoflex Trifokal IOL (0 Dioptrien-Modell 703F, Rayner, West Sussex, UK) in den Sulcus ciliaris im selben Eingriff. Die Evaluation der Patienten erfolgte durch Prüfung des unkorrigierten und bestkorrigierten monokulären Fernvisus sowie des unkorrigierten und bestkorrigierten binokulären Fern‑, Intermediär- und Nahvisus, der Defokuskurve, der visuellen Symptome, der Brillenunabhängigkeit sowie der Patientenzufriedenheit 3 Monate postoperativ.
Resultate
Es wurden 15 Patienten eingeschlossen. Der mittlere binokulare unkorrigierte Visus war 0,06 logMAR ± 0,05 (SD) im Fernbereich (Range: −0,3 bis 0,0 logMAR), −0,02 ± 0,17 logMAR für den Intermediärbereich (Range: −0,1 bis 0,6 logMAR) und 0,09 ± 0,08 logMAR für den Nahbereich (Range: −0,1 bis 0,2 logMAR). Bei einem Patienten musste 3 Monate postoperativ eine Explantation der Sulcoflex Trifokal IOL aufgrund starker Halos und Blendung durchgeführt werden. Bei allen Patienten konnte eine komplette Brillenunabhängigkeit 3 Monate nach der Operation festgestellt werden. Schwerwiegende unerwünschte Ereignisse sind bei diesen Patienten nicht aufgetreten.
Schlussfolgerung
Die Implantation einer monofokalen IOL intrakapsulär in Kombination mit der gleichzeitigen Implantation einer additiven trifokalen IOL in den Sulcus ciliaris stellt eine sichere und effiziente Wahl für Patienten mit Wunsch nach Brillenunabhängigkeit nach Kataraktoperation dar und bietet den Vorteil einer deutlich risikoärmeren Reversibilität.
To assess the visual outcomes and quality of vision of patients receiving the AcrySof
IQ Vivity™ non-diffractive extended vision intraocular lens (NDEV IOL) after uneventful cataract surgery when the ...non-dominant eye is targeted for slight myopia.
Single site, prospective, single-arm study.
Eligible subjects interested in reducing their dependence on spectacles over a range of working distances were enrolled and followed for 3 months after the second eye surgery. Subjects were bilaterally implanted with this NDEV IOL, with a target of emmetropia in the dominant eye and a myopic refraction of -0.75D in the non-dominant eye. At 3 months postoperative, the uncorrected and distance-corrected (with monovision) visual acuity at 40 cm, 66 cm and 4 m were recorded, along with the manifest refraction. Questionnaires related to spectacle independence, patient satisfaction and quality of vision were also administered.
Data from 33 subjects were analyzed. The mean difference between eyes by subject was 0.80 ± 0.37 D. Twenty-nine of 33 (88%) subjects had a binocular uncorrected near VA of 0.2 logMAR or better. Twenty-five of 33 eyes (76%) had a binocular distance-corrected (-0.75 D in the non-dominant eye) VA of 0.2 logMAR or better at all three test distances. Satisfaction with vision at all distances was high. The reported level of spectacle independence was higher than for the same lens without monovision. Visual disturbances were higher than has been previously reported for this lens but were not correlated to the level of monovision.
A target of -0.75 D of myopia in the non-dominant eye of patients bilaterally implanted with this NDEV IOL improved near vision, increasing the rate of spectacle independence in patients relative to those targeted for bilateral emmetropia, with no correlated increases in visual disturbances.
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