The present study was performed to compare the expression of sperm proteins, i.e. triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) and acrosin binding protein (ACRBP) and seminal plasma proteins, i.e. glutathione ...peroxidase 5 (GPX5) and fibronectin 1 (FN1), in boar semen with good, moderate and poor freezability. The study was conducted by determining the protein contents in 32 sperm samples and 38 seminal plasma samples of semen. The ejaculated semen was divided into two portions: the first portion was centrifuged to separate the pellet of sperm from the seminal plasma and the second portion was cryopreserved. After thawing, the ejaculates were classified into three groups according to their post-thawed sperm motility: good (60.2 ± 1.7%), moderate (29.3 ± 2.0%) and poor (16.6 ± 2.2%) freezabilities. The expressions of GPX5 and FN1 in seminal plasma and TPI and ACRBP in sperm were determined using Western blot analysis. It was found that, for sperm proteins, the level of TPI was negatively correlated with the post-thawed total sperm motility (r = -0.38, P = 0.029). For seminal plasma proteins, the level of FN1 in the seminal plasma was positively correlated with the post-thawed total sperm motility (r = 0.37, P = 0.021) and progressive motility (r = 0.39, P = 0.016). The expression of GPX5 was not correlated with any of the frozen–thawed sperm qualities (P > 0.05). In conclusions, boar semen containing a high level of FN1 in seminal plasma has better freezability. Frozen–thawed sperm motility was positively correlated with the level of FN1 in boar seminal plasma and negatively correlated with TPI in boar spermatozoa.
Ova studija provedena je u svrhu usporedbe ekspresije proteina sperme, tj. trioza-fosfat izomeraze (TPI) i akrozin-vezujućeg proteina (ACRBP) te proteina sjemene plazme, tj. glutation peroksidaze 5 (GPX5) i fibronektina 1 (FN1), u sjemenu nerasta s dobrom, umjerenom i lošom sposobnošću smrzavanja. Studija je provedena ustvrđivanjem sadržaja proteina u 32 uzorka sperme i 38 uzoraka sjemene plazme sjemena. Ejakulirano sjeme podijeljeno je u dva dijela: prvi dio je centrifugiran za odvajanje taloga sperme od sjemene plazme, a drugi je dio je krioprezerviran. Nakon odmrzavanja u skladu s pokretljivošću spermija nakon odmrzavanja ejakulati su klasificirani u tri skupine: dobra (60,2 ± 1,7%), umjerena (29,3 ± 2,0%) i loša (16,6 ± 2,2%) sposobnost smrzavanja. Ekspresije GPX5 i FN1 u sjemenoj plazmi te TPI i ACRBP u spermi ustvrđene su „Western blot“ analizom. Za proteine sperme je otkriveno da je razina TPI nakon odmrzavanja negativno povezana s ukupnom pokretljivošću sperme (r = -0,38, P = 0,029). Za proteine sjemene plazme, razina FN1 u sjemenoj plazmi nakon odmrzavanja pozitivno je povezana s ukupnom pokretljivošću sperme nakon odmrzavanja (r = 0,37, P = 0,021) i progresivnom pokretljivošću (r = 0,39, P = 0,016). Ekspresija GPX5 nije povezana ni sa kakvim kvalitetama smrznute pa odmrznute sperme (P > 0,05). Zaključno, sjeme nerasta koje sadrži visoku razinu FN1 u sjemenoj plazmi ima bolju sposobnost smrzavanja. Pokretljivost sperme koja je smrznuta pa odmrznuta pozitivno je povezana s razinom FN1 u sjemenoj plazmi nerasta, a negativno s razinom TPI u spermijima nerasta.
ObjectiveOur aim was to assess the level and socio-demographic correlates of the ability to maintain health among children in Albania, a post-communist country in the Western Balkans.MethodsA ...cross-sectional study was conducted in Albania in September 2022. The study population consisted of a nationwide representative sample of 7,831 schoolchildren (≈54% girls) aged 12-15 years. A structured self-administered and anonymous questionnaire inquired about the children's attitudes toward health promotion (ability to maintain and improve health) and a range of key dimensions on knowledge and practices regarding healthcare services. Socio-demographic data were also collected. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the socio-demographic correlates of children's ability to maintain health.ResultsOverall, about 71% of schoolchildren exhibited the best attitudes toward health promotion (ability to maintain and improve health). In the multivariable adjusted logistic regression models, poorer attitudes toward health promotion (ability to maintain and improve health) were significantly related to older age (OR=1.2, 95% CI=1.0-1.3), middle/low maternal education (OR=1.2, 95%CI=1.1-1.3), poor/very poor economic situation (OR=1.5, 95%CI=1.2-1.8), lack of appropriate knowledge about rights to healthcare (OR=1.3, 95% CI=1.1-1.5), lack of knowledge about obtaining healthcare services (OR=1.7, 95%CI=1.4-2.2), and lack of consultations/visits with health professionals excluding vaccinations (OR=1.2, 95%CI=1.1-1.4).ConclusionsAlmost 1/3rd of Albanian schoolchildren included in this study did not exhibit the best attitudes toward health promotion (ability to maintain and improve health). The best attitudes were related to a higher socioeconomic level and adequate knowledge and practices regarding healthcare services. There is thus a need to increase health literacy levels among children in order to ultimately induce sustainable healthy behavioural/lifestyle practices.
U ovom članku autorica analizira važnost koju odluka može imati na raspodjelu rizika u pomorskom poduhvatu u slučaju CMA CGM Libra. Usvajanjem Haških pravila prije jednog stoljeća, postignuta je ...nagodba između interesa prijevoznika i interesa vlasnika tereta, kad je riječ o prijevoznikovoj obvezi ulaganja dužne pažnje u osposobljavanju broda za plovidbu i dostupne prigovore, pri čemu je nautička greška jedna od njih. Odluka u slučaju CMA CGM Libra odstupa od tradicionalnog shvaćanja pomorske industrije o podjeli odgovornosti prema Haškim pravilima i proširuje obveze prijevoznika u osposobljavanju broda za plovidbu na početku putovanja, mijenjajući prethodno shvaćanje. Ishod slučaja i odluka Vrhovnog suda o ovom vrlo važnom pitanju podjele rizika između prijevoznika i interesa vlasnika tereta bila je iščekivana s velikim zanimanjem od cjelokupne pomorske industrije.
Goat’s daily diet is usually based on grazing, hay and/or feed supplements. Feed supplements are crucial in the diet of high productive
goats to achieve their genetic potential and breeders must ...choose balanced feeding regime to produce large quantities of milk without affecting the technological quality of milk. In the present study, we evaluated the influence of two commercially available feed supplements on goat milk coagulation properties and rheological properties of yoghurts. Goats of the Slovenian Alpine breed (61) were fed with two feed supplements during the 3-year experiment. Feed supplement 1 (FS1) had higher proportions of barley and alfalfa, while feed supplement 2 (FS2) had added premix of minerals and vitamins and had higher proportions of wheat and sunflower meal. Con¬sequently, FS1 had more crude fibres, which is the most probable reason for approximately 15 % higher firmness, consistency and cohesiveness (P<0.05) of yoghurts in
FS1 group, compared to the FS2 group. Moreover, the rennet coagulation time (r) was shorter (P<0.05) in the FS1 group, compared to the FS2 group. Curd firmness 30 min after enzyme addition (a30) was also higher in FS1 group although the results were not statistically significant. Taking together, our results indicate that goats fed with FS1 produced milk with better technological properties compared to those fed with FS2, despite the fact that there were no significant differences in chemical composition of milk from each group. We showed that careful selection of feed supplement’s constituents could improve technological properties of goat milk. However, further studies are needed to evaluate
the mechanisms of the observed differences.
Hranidba koza na dnevnoj bazi sastoji se od ispaše, sijena i/ili suplemenata. Suplementi su neophodni u hranidbi visokoproduktivnih pasmina koza u svrhu postizanja genetskog potencijala i uzgajivači moraju odabrati režim hranidbe koji osigurava proizvodnju velikih količina mlijeka bez neželjenih promjena u tehnološkoj kvaliteti mlijeka. U ovom istraživanju određivan je utjecaj dva komercijalno dostupna suplementa na sposobnost koagulacije kozjeg mlijeka te na reološka svojstva jogurta od kozjeg mlijeka. Ukupno 61 koza pasmine slovenska alpska koza hranjena je s dva suplementa tijekom tri godine. Prvi suplement (FS1) imao je viši udjel ječma i lucerne, dok je drugi suplement (FS2) imao dodane mineralne tvari i vitamine te više udjele pšenice i suncokretove pogače. Posljedično, FS1 je imao više sirovih vlakana, što je vrlo vjerojatno rezultiralo 15 % većom čvrstoćom, konzistencijom i kohezivnosti (P<0,05) jogurta iz skupine FS1 u odnosu na jogurte iz skupine FS2. K tomu je i vrijeme koagulacije (r) bilo kraće (P<0,05) kod jogurta iz skupine FS1 u usporedbi s jogurtima iz skupine FS2. Čvrstoća gruša 30 min nakon dodatka enzima (a30) također je bila veća u skupini FS1, iako te razlike nisu bile statistički značajne. Uzimajući sve navedeno u obzir, dobiveni rezultati ukazuju kako su koze hranjenje suplementom FS1 proizvodile mlijeko boljih tehnoloških svojstava nego koze hranjene suplementom FS2, unatoč činjenici da nisu utvrđene statistički značajne razlike u kemijskom sastavu mlijeka iz obiju navedenih skupina. Ova studija pokazala je da se pažljivim odabirom suplementa u hranidbi mogu poboljšati tehnološka svojstva kozjeg mlijeka. Međutim, potrebno je provođenje daljnjih istraživanja u svrhu određivanja specifičnih mehanizama koji su doveli do prethodno navedenih razlika.
Istraživanje je provedeno na 409 željezničkih radnika koji su u razdoblju od 5 godina pregledavani u Ustanovi za zdravstvenu skrb dr. Mijač. Cilj je bio analizirati tip i vrstu zdravstvenog pregleda, ...ocjenu radne sposobnosti te ustanoviti razloge zbog kojih su radnici bili privremeno ili trajno nesposobni. Analizirani su broj i vrsta pregleda te broj i vrsta ocjene radne sposobnosti. Žene je uključivalo 3,3 % pregleda, a 96,7 % muškarce, vjerojatno zbog specifičnosti željezničkog posla te je najveći broj pregledanih pripadalo dobnoj skupini 41-62. Obavljena su 62 prethodna, 672 periodična, 10 ciljanih i 28 kontrolnih pregleda. Ocjene radne sposobnosti bile su 772 (88,23 %) sposoban, 27 (3,09 %) nesposoban i 76 (8,68 %) privremeno nesposoban. Najviše je obavljeno periodičnih pregleda, na kojima je najčešća ocjena bila sposoban. Na izvanrednim i kontrolnim pregledima također je najčešća ocjena bila sposoban. Ocjene sposoban, privremeno nesposoban te nesposoban najčešće su bile donesene na periodičnim pregledima. Neki radnici bili su samo jednom privremeno nesposobni jer je njihova dijagnoza zahtijevala kratkotrajno liječenje, a neki više puta, sve dok je njihova bolest bila u fazi liječenja te su po završetku liječenja mogli biti sposobni ili trajno nesposobni, ovisno o ishodu liječenja. Trajno nesposobni radnici proglašeni su nakon što je liječenje završeno te zdravstveno stanje radnika nije ispunjavalo uvjete zdravstvene sposobnosti radnog mjesta a u nekim slučajevima i zbog dobi. Bolesti koje su najčešće bile razlog onesposobljavanja bile su širokog spektra, a najčešće se radilo o kardiovaskularnim bolestima, psihičkim, poremećajima, nereguliranim endokrinim poremećajima, bolnim sindromima, neurološkim poremećajima, bolestima oka i bolestima uha. Uzimajući u obzir psihičku i fizičku zahtjevnost željezničkog posla, važno je pravovremeno utvrditi bolesti i stanja željezničara, ograničavajućih za obavljanje posla na siguran način za njih same, ali i za okolinu. Za istaknuti je i važnost prethodnih pregleda koji bi odmah trebali eliminirati neadekvatne radnike u smislu zdravstvene sposobnosti, a naknadno i periodičnih, kontrolnih i izvanrednih pregleda, kojima se prate eventualne promjene u zdravstvenom statusu te na taj način smanjuje mogućnost incidenata, ozljeda na radu i profesionalnih bolesti.
The research was conducted on 409 railway workers who were examined in a period of 5 years at the Institution for Health Care Dr. Mijač. The aim was to analyse the type and type of medical examination, assessment of work ability and to establish the reasons why workers were temporarily or permanently incapable. 3.3% of examinations included women and 96.7% men, probably due to the specifics of the railway jobs, and the largest number of examinations belonged to the age group 41-62. Periodic examinations were performed most frequently, at which the most frequent assessment was capable of work. At intentional and control examinations, the most common assessment was also capable. Grades capable, temporarily incapable, incapable were most often made at periodic examinations. Some workers were temporarily incapacitated only once because their diagnosis required short-term treatment, and some multiple times as long as their disease was in the treatment phase and may be able or incapable at the end of treatment depending on treatment outcome. Permanently incapacitated workers were declared after the treatment was completed, and the health condition of the workers did not meet the requirements of the health ability of the workplace or in some cases due to age. Considering the psychological and physical complexity of the railway work, it is important to identify in a timely manner the diseases and conditions of railway workers that restrict the performance of work in a safe way for themselves and for the environment. It is important to emphasize the importance of previous examinations which should immediately eliminate inadequate workers in terms of medical fitness, and subsequently periodic and control and extraordinary examinations, which monitor possible changes in health status and thus reduce the possibility of incidents, injuries and occupational diseases.
The ability to perform motor imagery has been shown to influence individual athletic performance and rehabilitation. Recent evidence supports its potential as a training tool to improve motor skills ...in children. Although there is a standardized assessment of the imagery abilities in Slovenian-speaking adults, there is currently no validated instrument for use with Slovenian children. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to conduct a linguistic validation study of the movement imagery questionnaire for children (MIQ-C).
A total of 100 healthy children (mean age 10.3±1.3 years; 50 female) were assessed with a Slovenian version of the MIQ-C at Day 1 and Day 8. Inter-day agreement was examined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Construct validity and internal consistency were assessed using a Cronbach's alpha coefficient and exploratory - confirmatory factor analysis, respectively.
The test-retest ICC were very high for all three scales examined (ICCKI=0.90; ICCIVI=0.92; ICCEVI=0.90). Excellent internal consistency (up to 0.90) was found for kinaesthetic and both visual imageries. Confirmatory analysis confirmed a three-factorial structure of the MIQ-C.
The Slovenian version of the MIQ-C proved to be highly reliable and valid in assessing children's motor imagery abilities, and as such for use with Slovene-speaking children. Moreover, this standardized instrument can be a helpful tool in training and rehabilitation practice with children aged 7-12 years.
Cilj: Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi korelaciju radne sposobnosti i stepena depresivnih simptoma kod osoba sa primarno generaliziranom epilepsijom.
Materijali i metode: U studiju je uključeno 100 ...pacijenata (50 muškaraca i 50 žena) sa generaliziranim toničko kloničkim (GTK) atacima. Analizirana je životna dob, spol, stručna sprema, radni status i stepen depresije. Depresivni simptomi ispitanika su mjereni Hamiltonovom skalom za depresiju, a korelacija Pearsonovim testom.
Rezultati: Srednja životna dob ispitanika je 32.3±12.1. Srednju stručnu spremu je imalo 57 ispitanika, osnovnu školu 31, a jednak broj (6) ispitanika je bio bez škole ili sa visokim obrazovanjem. Najveći broj ispitanika je bio nezaposlen (36), zaposlenih 25, domaćica 21, učenika 11, studenata 5, te jedan redovni i prijevremeni penzioner. Prosječna vrijednost stepena depresivnosti pacijenata sa GTK atacima iznosila je 10.5±7.6 (0-31). Najveći broj pacijenata nije imalo znakove depresivnosti (46) dok je umjerenu depresivnost imalo 33 pacijenta, izrazitu depresivnost 21 pacijent. Zaposleni imaju srednju vrijednost skora Hamiltonove skale 11.1±7.0 (2-27), 32% nije imalo simptome depresivnosti, 52% je imalo simptome manje depresije, dok je 16% imalo veliku depresiju. Stepen depresivnosti kod pacijenata koji su bili nezaposleni nije se signifikantno razlikovao (p=0.4) od stepena depresivnosti zaposlenih 9.6±7.6 (0-31). Simptome depresivnosti kod nezaposlenih nije imalo 41.7% ispitanika, simptome manje depresije je imalo 38.9%, a veliku depresiju je imalo 13.9%. Koeficijent korelacije stepena depresivnih simptoma i radne sposobnosti iznosio je (r=-0.71).
Zaključci: Analiza pokazuje da epilepsija bitno narušava radnu sposobnost, kao i njenu značajnu povezanost sa stepenom depresivnosti. Signifikantna je razlika u stepenu obrazovanja muškaraca i žena, u smislu boljeg obrazovnog statusa u žena.
Professional drivers' knowledge about driving-impairing medications is not satisfactory. The aim of this study was to develop and test the reliability and validity of the questionnaires designed to ...measure the knowledge and attitude of professional drivers about the influence of various medications on driving ability.
The questionnaires for assessing professional driver's knowledge (performance-based) and attitudes about influence of various medications on driving abilities were developed by creating the item pool, testing reliability and validity, and factor analysis. The study was conducted as a multicenter, cross-sectional study in Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The study population consisted of professional drivers, who filled out both questionnaires in three time intervals.
Both questionnaires showed great internal consistency and temporal stability. Cronbach's Alpha for the first questionnaire was 0.984 and for the second it was 0.944. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test for the first questionnaire confirmed sampling adequacy with its value of 0.964 and for the second questionnaire it was 0.933. Exploratory factor analysis of the questionnaire showed that three factors were revealed after rotation for the first questionnaire and they explained 78.0% of variance. Both questionnaires showed high degree of correlation between scores after the first and repeated administration, Spearman's rho coefficient of correlation for was 0.962 and 0.980.
Based on the results of this study, we believe that both questionnaires are useful tools for testing professional drivers' knowledge and attitudes about the influence of medications on driving ability.
The thematic focus of this article is the question of Biblical phraseology. It draws on the source connection between Biblical phrasemes and their prototext. The relationship between the phrasemes ...and their source material is approached in a specific way, through the prism of its reflection in a particular cultural and linguistic environment and as regards the knowledge of contemporary users of a particular language. In a sociolinguistic research project conducted in a Russian cultural and linguistic environment, the authors seek an answer to a question that also pertains to broader cultural knowledge-that is, to what extent contemporary users of Russian are aware of the interconnection between a selected group of phrasemes and Biblical texts.
U radu se nastoji izložiti sustavna usporedna analiza uređenja poslovne i parnične sposobnosti u Hrvatskoj te odabranim europskim zemljama istog pravno-tradicijskog kruga (Austriji, Njemačkoj, ...Sloveniji, Srbiji te Federaciji Bosni i Hercegovini). Kroz rad se upozorava na činjenicu da je hrvatsko uređenje poslovne sposobnosti maloljetnika različito od suvremenog koncepta prihvaćenog u navedenim državama. Spomenute razlike u uređenju zapravo su nedostaci koji se odnose na hrvatsko uređenje instituta poslovne sposobnosti maloljetnika, a manifestiraju se u gotovo potpunom negiranju relevantne pravne volje maloljetnika u
domeni materijalnog prava te u skokovitom prijelazu u punoljetnost, bez ikakvih međustadija koji bi odgovarali zrelosti maloljetnika. Sve to neizbježno utječe i na domenu parnične sposobnosti jer postojeće uređenje onemogućava afirmaciju procesno relevantne volje maloljetnika, što je u suprotnosti s aktualnim europskim
trendovima. Stoga se u završnom osvrtu predlažu promjene koje bi u domaćem zakonodavstvu trebalo provesti u svrhu kvalitetnijeg i suvremenijeg uređenja poslovne sposobnosti maloljetnika te se prikazuje način na koji bi spomenute promjene utjecale i na njihovu parničnu sposobnost.
PDF
