Revisiting the social stigma of loneliness Kerr, Natalie A.; Stanley, Taylor B.
Personality and individual differences,
March 2021, 2021-03-00, 20210301, Letnik:
171
Journal Article
Recenzirano
In past studies examining the stigmatization of loneliness, perceivers evaluated hypothetical targets who were lonely and socially inept or reclusive. For example, Lau and Gruen (1992) described the ...lonely target as a person who “pretty much keeps to himself.” This is problematic because recent research shows that lonely people do not have deficient social skills, and they spend no more time alone than nonlonely people. The purpose of the current research was to replicate Lau and Gruen's well-cited findings and then examine current perceptions of lonely individuals without confounding loneliness and sociability. We began, in Study 1, with a replication of Lau and Gruen. In Study 2, we asked college students to make judgments about targets who varied in their feelings of loneliness but not in their social behaviors. In a final study, we examined the perceptions among a larger and more diverse sample of U.S. adults. We found that college students, in general, disparaged lonely targets, but the stigma was more apparent when the lonely targets were described as reclusive. We found little evidence of stigmatization among the more diverse sample of U.S. adults. Our results highlight the need for additional research on the stigma surrounding loneliness.
•In general, college students stigmatized hypothetical lonely targets.•The stigma was more (versus less) apparent when the lonely targets were also reclusive.•A larger and more diverse sample of U.S. adults did not devalue lonely targets.
Disability and employment - overview and highlights Vornholt, Katharina; Villotti, Patrizia; Muschalla, Beate ...
European journal of work and organizational psychology,
01/2018, Letnik:
27, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Due to the expected decline in the working-age population, especially in European countries, people with disabilities are now more often recognized as a valuable resource in the workforce and ...research into disability and employment is more important than ever. This paper outlines the state of affairs of research on disability and employment. We thereby focus on one particular group of people with disabilities, that is to say people with mental disabilities. We define disability according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) of the World Health Organization, by that recognizing that disability results from the interaction of person and environment. Key issues, including the complexity of defining disability, the legal situation in Europe and North America concerning disability at work, and barriers and enablers to employment, are discussed. For each of the topics we show important findings in the existing literature and indicate where more in-depth research is needed. We finalize with a concrete research agenda on disability and employment and provide recommendations for practice.
We develop a model to explain the process by which corporate failure leads to professional devaluation of individual elites. We envision that corporate failure evokes a stigmatization process, in ...which society's arbiters engage in constituent-minded sensemaking to interpret the conditions surrounding the failure, including the characteristics of the individual elite, and arrive at judgments about the person's blameworthiness. We discuss implications of this research for the study of stigma and stigmatization, as well as "settling-up" in managerial labor markets.
The stigma of Arabic as a radical language affects motivation, leading to disinterest in Arabic. This study aims to find out the relationship between the stigmatization of Arabic radicalism-terrorism ...and religiosity and the motivation to learn Arabic among students of Muhammadiyah Mataram University (UMMAT). It uses a quantitative approach with a type of correlation. The results of the partial test show that there is no relationship between the stigmatization of Arabic radicalism and terrorism and learning motivation, and there is a positive and significant relationship between religiosity and learning motivation, but both have a significant influence on motivation to learn Arabic. The results of this study provide theoretical implications that the stigmatization of Arabic radicalism and terrorism cannot be a predictor of motivation to learn Arabic. At the same time, religiosity can predict motivation to learn Arabic. As for the practical implications, which is how to motivate students to learn Arabic, it can be used to overcome the stigmatization of radicalism and terrorism in Arabic with meaningful perceptions and by continuously internalizing religiosity.
Growing evidence has shown continuum beliefs as a promising tool to reduce psychiatric stigma in the general population, but data still lack regarding mechanisms underlying this effect. This study ...aims at testing the hypothesis that continuum beliefs affect public stigma and self-stigma by increasing perceived similarities between oneself and people with schizophrenia. Perceiving such similarities may reduce public stigma and increase self-stigma in the general population. The current study was preregistered on OSF. Data were collected via an on-line survey (N = 565). Participants were randomly assigned to one of the three experimental conditions. Continuum beliefs were induced with short videos supporting either a continuum viewpoint of schizophrenia, a categorial viewpoint of schizophrenia, or a neutral video. A scale of Perceived similarities between oneself and people with schizophrenia was administered. Public stigma was measured with an Essentialism scale and Self-stigma with a scale of self-stereotype association. Mediation analyses showed that the effects of categorial and continuum beliefs on essentialism and self-stereotype association were mediated by perceived similarities. Our results suggest that continuum beliefs about schizophrenia act as a recategorization mechanism, by enhancing perceived similarities with the stereotyped group.
•Stigma is widely recognized as a major barrier to recovery from mental illness.•Continuum beliefs (CB) between normality and schizophrenia reduce public stigma.•Self-stigma and mediators of CB on stigma have not been investigated.•Perceived similarities between oneself and schizophrenia act as a mediator.
The COVID-19 pandemic has been instrumental in creating a dramatic shift from people's need to live in mutual association toward a desire to stigmatize distinctive others. Pandemic seems to be ...causing othering. Stated simply, stigmatization is a social process set to exclude those who are perceived to be a potential source of disease and may pose threat to the effective social living in the society. Based on the secondary evidence collected from news published online or in print, the present article delves into stigma associated with the COVID-19 pandemic among different social groups in the Indian society and the mounting cases of prejudice based on race, class, and religion. It also presents insights into the varied manifestations, and the deleterious consequences of COVID-19 inspired othering brought to its potential targets in India.
Stigma and Self-Stigma in Addiction Matthews, Steve; Dwyer, Robyn; Snoek, Anke
Journal of bioethical inquiry,
06/2017, Letnik:
14, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Addictions are commonly accompanied by a sense of shame or self-stigmatization. Self-stigmatization results from public stigmatization in a process leading to the internalization of the social ...opprobrium attaching to the negative stereotypes associated with addiction. We offer an account of how this process works in terms of a range of looping effects, and this leads to our main claim that for a significant range of cases public stigma figures in the social construction of addiction. This rests on a social constructivist account in which those affected by public stigmatization internalize its norms. Stigma figures as part-constituent of the dynamic process in which addiction is formed. Our thesis is partly theoretical, partly empirical, as we source our claims about the process of internalization from interviews with people in treatment for substance use problems.
Unemployment may severely impede access to (good) jobs. We focus on the effects of unemployment scarring on the chances of young workers to get hired and evaluate the extent to which they are ...affected in labor markets with different levels of unemployment. Drawing on Goffman’s work on stigmatization and on queuing theory, we derive two potentially complementary micro-level explanations with opposing macro-level implication. We address the variation in unemployment scarring across 20 labor markets in four European countries based on factorial survey experiments embedded in real hiring situations. The results suggest that in labor markets with persistently low levels of unemployment, stigmatization, as proposed by Goffman, is the main source of unemployment scarring. We find no evidence that unemployment scarring is weaker when unemployment and the number of job seekers are low, as we inferred from queuing approaches. Our study contributes to expanding knowledge of context variability in unemployment scarring.
Although studies have remarked upon the increase in representation of kinksters and BDSM practices in mainstream media narratives, community voices indicate that these narratives do not provide an ...authentic portrayal of their community. This misrepresentation of kinksters results in stigmatization and forces the community to manage its minority stress. This article reflects upon the results from a series of interviews with Dutch poly-kink-identified participants about mainstream representations of their community. The participants agree on several main objections to this representation: mainstream media narratives ignore community norms, while they actively sensationalize and pathologize kink, and insist on stereotypical gender relations. Together, this representation undermines the transgressive potential of poly-kink relations and increases the stigmatization of this community.
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