Granulation, the process of particle enlargement by agglomeration technique, is one of the most significant unit operations in the production of pharmaceutical dosage forms, mostly tablets and ...capsules. Granulation process transforms fine powders into free-flowing, dustfree granules that are easy to compress. Nevertheless, granulation poses numerous challenges due to high quality requirement of the formed granules in terms of content uniformity and physicochemical properties such as granule size, bulk density, porosity, hardness, moisture, compressibility, etc. together with physical and chemical stability of the drug. Granulation process can be divided into two types: wet granulation that utilize a liquid in the process and dry granulation that requires no liquid. The type of process selection requires thorough knowledge of physicochemical properties of the drug, excipients, required flow and release properties, to name a few. Among currently available technologies, spray drying, roller compaction, high shear mixing, and fluid bed granulation are worth of note. Like any other scientific field, pharmaceutical granulation technology also continues to change, and arrival of novel and innovative technologies are inevitable. This review focuses on the recent progress in the granulation techniques and technologies such as pneumatic dry granulation, reverse wet granulation, steam granulation, moisture-activated dry granulation, thermal adhesion granulation, freeze granulation, and foamed binder or foam granulation. This review gives an overview of these with a short description about each development along with its significance and limitations.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Given the challenges that the so-called Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have presented for education in general, what has been the role of historical knowledge for the training of ...young workers? The thoughts on this issue are presented by this work through the analysis of a pedagogical action developed with students of integrated technical courses of the Industrial Technical College of Santa Maria (CTISM). This has resulted in the design of a digital portfolio containing approaches on technical achievements produced by social groups during the historical period commonly identified as modernity. The method used to discuss on the activity was the descriptive-analytic that can point out as reasons for understanding the formalized problem and, from there, indicate the possibilities of overcoming it. The theoretical approach chosen for the analysis was presented by Pinto (2005) for whom man, being a technical animal, is produced in the measure of his technical actions. Thus, the relevance of reflection lies in the possibility of pedagogical activity to contribute to the understanding of the technique as a product of human groups' social history.
Diante dos desafios que as chamadas Novas Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação (NTIC) têm apresentado à educação em geral, qual tem sido o papel dos conhecimentos históricos para a formação de jovens trabalhadores? A reflexão sobre essa questão é apresentada no presente texto através da análise de uma ação pedagógica desenvolvida com estudantes de cursos técnicos integrados do Colégio Técnico Industrial de Santa Maria (CTISM). A ação referida resultou na produção de portfólios digitais contendo abordagens sobre as realizações técnicas produzidas pelos grupos sociais durante o período histórico comumente identificado como modernidade. O método utilizado para refletir-se sobre a atividade foi o analítico descritivo que poderá apontar as razões para a compreensão do problema inicialmente apresentado e, a partir disso, indicar as possibilidades de sua superação. A abordagem teórica escolhida para a reflexão foi aquela apresentada por Pinto (2005) para quem o homem, sendo um animal técnico, produz-se na medida de suas ações que são técnicas.
Delante de los desafíos que las renombradas Nuevas Tecnologías de la Información y de la Comunicación (NTIC) vienen presentando en la educación en general, ¿Cuál ha sido el papel de los conocimientos históricos para la formación de jóvenes trabajadores? En el presente texto se expone una reflexión sobre este tema a través del análisis de una acción pedagógica desenvuelta con los estudiantes de cursos integrados del Colegio Técnico Industrial de Santa María (CTISM). La referida acción fue el resultado de la producción de porfolios digitales conteniendo enfoques sobre las realizaciones técnicas producidas por los grupos sociales durante el periodo histórico comúnmente identificado como modernidad. El método utilizado para esta actividad fue el analítico descriptivo, el cual podrá apuntar las razones para la comprensión del problema expuesto inicialmente y a partir de ahí, indicar las posibilidades de superación. El enfoque teórico escogido para la reflexión es el presentado por Pinto (2005) y para el cual, el hombre siendo un animal técnico se produce en la medida de sus acciones que son técnicas. De esta forma, la relevancia de la reflexión presentada se encuentra dentro de la posibilidad de que la actividad pedagógica pueda contribuir para la comprensión de la técnica como un producto de la historia social de los grupos humanos.
A device for occlusal plane determination Inamdar, Abdul Haque; Dange, Shankar; Mahale, Kishor ...
The journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society,
01/2019, Letnik:
19, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The correct orientation of the occlusal plane is the first and one of the important steps while recording jaw relationships in an edentulous patient. One of the most popular methods is to orient the ...occlusal plane to interpupillary line anteriorly and ala-tragus lines posteriorly which is usually accomplished by repetitive adjustment of the maxillary rim until a hand-held Fox's plane appears to be parallel to these lines. However, this process is time-consuming and error-prone. The eventual plane is almost always an educated guess, and this can be difficult for a new student. The device presented in this article marks the occlusal plane on wax rims parallel to interpupillary line anteriorly and the ala-tragus lines posteriorly, and thus, occlusal plane can be oriented in one simple step, thereby saving time and increasing efficiency of the operator.
With this begins a series of articles dedicated to knowledge of reference books, by Romanian and foreign, and of the authors who have made significant contributions to the history of dentistry. This ...first article is dedicated to the life of Pierre Fauchard, French dental surgeon, who practiced for 50 years in France, particularly in Paris. In adulthood, he published the book Le chirurgien ou le Traité des dents (1728), which lays the scientific foundation of odontology. His pathology, surgery, prosthesis and implantology, prescriptions that have been proven effective and the invented instrumental set and manufactured by him, brought him the value of the posterity, which honoured him by calling him the „father of dentistry”, re-publishing his work, which has circulated in Europe and the U.S.A..
The journey into the world of books about the history of dental medicine, proposed by our paragraph, debuted in the first number of the review in 2014 with the book of Pierre Fauchard (1679-1761), Le ...Chirurgien dentiste ou Traité des dents, which had the first edition in 1728, the second in 1746 and the third in 1786. In the last article our journey was about the life, the personality, the current international appreciation and the structure of the first volume (partly compiled). We suggest the reader to stop now on the content of the second volume, work with an original character, the creativity and the professional passion of the Parisian doctor taking place here. The rigorous, precise, scientific language, reveals the value a universe of knowledge of the anatomy of the mouth and dentition, throughout its evolution, its encountered pathology, its interventions of surgical nature, descriptions of the surgical techniques used, but especially descriptions as precisely as possible of the medical instruments used in the dental surgery, mostly invented and designed by the author.
The Autonomy of Technique Revisited Vanderburg, Willem H.
Bulletin of science, technology & society,
12/2004, Letnik:
24, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Jacques Ellul’s claim that technique became an autonomous phenomenon during the middle of the 20th century, and subsequently a system, means that the influence people have on technique is much less ...decisive than the influence technique has on people. As a sociohistorical description of the relationship between technique and society, it can be empirically investigated. This article begins by clarifying the concept of an autonomous technique and reviews evidence to support this claim.
Developments in recent decades in the field of information and communication technique and technology have had dramatic impacts on human beings and societies and on their activities. Central human ...activities such as thinking, reading, writing and acting-to mention only a few crucial ones for our context-have changed in significance. Conceptions regarding more or less all important matters have been radically revised like our views of humans, subjectivity, thinking, reality, world, subjectivity, space, time, and so on which are all so vitally important for human existence, happiness, progress and survival. Careful reflection leads to a new understanding of all these old and traditional themes albeit extremely difficult to articulate these matters differently and appropriately.
Developments in recent decades in the field of information and communication technique and technology have had dramatic impacts on human beings and societies and on their activities. Central human ...activities such as thinking, reading, writing and acting-to mention only a few crucial ones for our context-have changed in significance. Conceptions regarding more or less all important matters have been radically revised like our views of humans, subjectivity, thinking, reality, world, subjectivity, space, time, and so on which are all so vitally important for human existence, happiness, progress and survival. Careful reflection leads to a new understanding of all these old and traditional themes albeit extremely difficult to articulate these matters differently and appropriately.
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