Effective ecological monitoring is central to the sustainability of subsistence resources of indigenous communities. For caribou, Arctic indigenous people's most important terrestrial subsistence ...resource, body condition is a useful measure because it integrates many ecological factors that influence caribou productivity and is recognized by biologists and hunters as meaningful. We draw on experience working with indigenous communities to develop a body condition monitoring protocol for harvested animals. Local indigenous knowledge provides a broad set of caribou health indicators and explanations of how environmental conditions may affect body condition. Scientific research on caribou body condition provides a basis to develop a simple dichotomous key that includes back fat, intestinal fat, kidney fat and marrow¬fat, as measures of body fat, which in autumn to early winter correlates with the likelihood of pregnancy. The dichotomous key was formulated on "expert knowledge" and validated against field estimates of body composition. We compare local indigenous knowledge indicators with hunter documented data based on the dichotomous key. The potential con¬tribution of community body condition monitoring can be realized through the continued comparative analysis of datasets. Better communication among hunters and scientists, and refinement of data collection and analysis methods are recommended. Results suggest that specific local knowledge may become generalized and integrated between regions if the dichotomous key is used as a generalized (semi-quantitative) index and complemented with other science and community-based assessments.
OBJECTIVEThe activation of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) has been postulated to be involved in cell differentiation and proliferation. To elucidate the involvement of tyrosine kinase genes in ...normal and pathological conditions, we analysed the expression patterns of receptor-type PTKs in the normal and hypertensive hypertrophied heart in rats.
MATERIALS AND METHODSHypertrophied and normal rat hearts were obtained from hypertensive rats; deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt and 2 kidney-1 clip (2K-1C), and their sham-operated rats, respectively. A reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed using degenerated primers which were designed from highly conserved regions in the catalytic domains of receptor-type PTKs. The PCR products were ligated into a sequence vector, and subcloned by transforming bacteria. To compare the expression level of these PTK mRNAs in the normal and hypertrophied heart, we performed semi-competetive RT-PCR and immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses.
RESULTSNucleotide sequencing of approximately 80 clones of PTKs revealed 10 receptor-type, five nonreceptor-type and two unknown types in the rat heart. Tie-2/Tek, Ryk, insulin-like growth factor-I receptor were abundantly expressed in the rat heart as members of receptor-type PTKs. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR demonstrated the presence of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-α receptor, PDGF-β receptor and fibroblast growth factor-3 receptor in both normal and hypertrophied hearts. We also confirmed the presence of Flt-1, KDR/Flk-1, and their ligand vascular endothelial growth factor, c-Met and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and Tie-1, Tie-2/Tek by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. The co-expression of cardiac HGF and c-Met in hypertrophied hearts, especially in 2K-1C rats, was induced more intensively than that in DOCA-salt rats.
CONCLUSIONThese findings suggest that HGF/c-Met interactions may play an important role in cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling, probably as a result of the activation of the local renin-angiotensin system.
Selective targeting of tumour-endothelium has been proposed as a means of therapy. The successful exploitation of this approach will rely on the identification of suitable targets expressed ...specifically on the tumour-associated endothelium. In an attempt to identify novel tumour-endothelium associated targets we have used differential mRNA display to identify genes up-regulated in an in vitro breast tumour-endothelial cell culture model. Confluent monolayers of human mammary microvessel endothelial cells (HuMMEC) were incubated for 5 days with MDA-MB-231 breast adenocarcinoma cell-conditioned medium (TCM). mRNAs isolated from TCM-treated and control cells were amplified using 104 combinations of four 3(') anchored T(12)VN primers and 26 'random' 10mers by RT-PCR and the products examined on DNA sequencing gels. Seventy-four sequences were cloned and the differential expression of five genes was confirmed using dot-blots. These were identified as procollagen type-IV, Tie-2/Tek receptor tyrosine kinase, NADH dehydrogenase subunit-6, and ferritin heavy-chain, which were up-regulated, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5, which was down-regulated. Increased endothelial expression of basement membrane proteins and tyrosine kinase receptors is known to occur during angiogenesis. Our data support the use of this model for further in vitro investigation of tumour angiogenesis.
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Ilirska Bistrica, pomlad 1934: Tekmovanje v teku skozi Bistrico. V tem času je bil kraj že preimenovan v Villa del Nevoso. Zaplenjen ...Sokolski dom so italijanske oblasti povečale za eno nadstropje in ga preimenovale v Dom fašistov – Casa del Fascio. Pogosto so prirejali različna tekmovanja tudi športna. Na sliki tek po današnji Rozmanovi ulici. (Tedaj Via Fiume.) Tekači so tekli v »nedeljskih oblekah«, navadnih čevljih, belih srajcah, celo s kravatami … V ozadju Palača Schoenburg Waldenburg.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Atletski miting na Glaziji 1. septembra 1940 v organizaciji SK Celje.Na mitingu je nastopilo 60 tekmovalcev iz Slovenije in sosednje ...Hrvaške iz naslednjih klubov Bratstvo Jesenice, Concordia Zagreb, Ilirija Ljubljana, Maraton Maribor, Primorje in Planina iz Ljubljane, Rapid in Železničar iz Maribora ter domači SK Celje, ki je bil organizator mitinga. Tone Agrež, član domačega kluba, je bil na tem tekmovanju v teku na 5.000 m tretji. Tekmovalca, ki stojita ob robu tekmovalne steze, sta zasedla prvo in drugo mesto. Za drogom stoji V. Štajner (Steiner), atlet na desni pred njim je nepoznan.Vir: osebni arhiv in Almanah celjske atletike, 1954, str. 29-30 Prispeval: Rudi Škedelj- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Bu çalışmanın amacı tek kanallı bir kuyruk sistemini simüle etmektir. Bu nedenle özel sektöre ait bir kapı-doğrama fabrikasında bulunan CNC tezgahının zamana göre işleyişi simüle edilmiş ve gerçek ...sistemin etkinliği belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda veriler elde edilerek gerekli matematiksel işlemler gerçekleştirilmiş ve bazı varsayımlar neticesinde sistemde uzun kuyrukların oluştuğu görülmüş ve gerekli çözüm önerilerinde bulunulmuştur.
Bu çalışmanın amacı tek kanallı bir kuyruk sistemini simüle etmektir. Bu nedenle özel sektöre ait bir kapı-doğrama fabrikasında bulunan CNC tezgahının zamana göre işleyişi simüle edilmiş ve gerçek ...sistemin etkinliği belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda veriler elde edilerek gerekli matematiksel işlemler gerçekleştirilmiş ve bazı varsayımlar neticesinde sistemde uzun kuyrukların oluştuğu görülmüş ve gerekli çözüm önerilerinde bulunulmuştur.
Bu çalışmanın amacı tek kanallı bir kuyruk sistemini simüle etmektir. Bu nedenle özel sektöre ait bir kapı-doğrama fabrikasında bulunan CNC tezgahının zamana göre işleyişi simüle edilmiş ve gerçek ...sistemin etkinliği belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda veriler elde edilerek gerekli matematiksel işlemler gerçekleştirilmiş ve bazı varsayımlar neticesinde sistemde uzun kuyrukların oluştuğu görülmüş ve gerekli çözüm önerilerinde bulunulmuştur.
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