Effective information mining for legal terminological research in translation is largely determined by the ability to contextualize concepts in their legal framework and to resort to relevant legal ...sources. Specialized knowledge of these sources thus emerges as a competence marker that is expected to converge with that of comparative law practitioners. Against this background, a survey was conducted in order to examine institutional translators' use of resources for translation in general and their perceptions of sources for legal translation in particular. The data provided by 234 respondents from 12 international organizations offer a comprehensive portrait of translation professionals and information-mining practices in these settings. Profile features in terms of legal translation frequency, main translation specializations and academic backgrounds were correlated to relevance and reliability scores assigned to the sources used for legal terminological research. The results confirm several hypotheses based on generally accepted indicators of specialization in this field, including the prioritization of monolingual lexicographical resources over bilingual ones and the higher reliability of primary legal sources over institutional terminological databases and previous translations. Common patterns and variations between institutions and profiles, as well as their implications for institutional terminology management and translation quality, are briefly discussed.
IntroductionLa classification internationale des soins primaires, deuxième version (CISP-2) alignée sur la classification internationale des maladies dixième révision (CIM-10) est un standard pour le ...recueil épidémiologique en soins primaires. La CISP-2 convient aussi pour identifier les thèmes cliniques dont discutent les médecins de famille. Les domaines contextuels de connaissances spécifiques à la médecine de famille et aux soins primaires comme les structures, la gestion, les catégories de patients, les méthodes de recherche, les aspects éthiques ou environnementaux ne sont pas standardisés et reflètent le plus souvent des vues d'experts.MéthodesUne méthode de recherche qualitative, appliquée à l'analyse de plusieurs congrès de médecine de famille a permis d'identifier, en plus des items cliniques, un ensemble de concepts contextuels abordés par les médecins de famille lors de leurs échanges pendant les congrès. Assemblés sous forme hiérarchique, ces concepts ont trouvé leur place au côté de la CISP-2, sous le nom de Q-codes version 2.5, sur le serveur sémantique multilingue multi-terminologique du Département d'Information et d'Informatique médicale (D2IM) de l'Université de Rouen, France. Les deux classifications sont éditées sous le sigle 3CGP pour Core Content Classification of General Practice. Ce serveur d'accès libre permet de consulter la CISP-2 en 22 langues et les Q-codes en dix languesRésultatsLe résultat de l'utilisation conjointe de ces deux classifications, comme descripteurs dans des congrès, pour identifier des concepts dans des textes, ou indexer la littérature grise en médecine de famille et soins primaires est présenté ici dans différentes utilisations pilotes. La validité et la généralisabilité de 3CGP semble bonne au vu des traductions déjà réalisées par des collègues du monde entier et de l'applicabilité de la méthode des deux côtés de l'Atlantique. Toute fois la reproductibilité et la variation inter-codeurs restent encore à tester pour les Q-codes. La question de la maintenance reste posée.ConclusionGrâce à cette méthode, on peut mettre en évidence l'extension conceptuelle, la complexité et la dynamique du métier de médecin généraliste et de famille et de médecin de soins primaires.
Abstract
The paper designs a method and system for automatic extraction of professional vocabulary in the electric power field based on data mining and matching algorithms. The system extracts ...professional vocabulary related to power marketing from the corpus in the field of power marketing, converts it into corresponding English and adds it to the professional vocabulary of power marketing. Then we will collect the relevant vocabulary of the power system and the corresponding translation and add it to the professional vocabulary of power marketing. The thesis establishes a two-level index structure for the professional vocabulary of electric power marketing. We search the professional vocabulary database of electric power marketing, the order of retrieval is electric power system vocabulary, general dictionary, electric power marketing field extraction vocabulary, and the search result is returned to the user after the retrieval. The experiment verified that the system facilitates the efficient retrieval of user vocabulary, and then realizes the automatic conversion of professional vocabulary in the marketing standardization design results, so as to improve the quality and efficiency of professional vocabulary conversion.
Translation of terminology is an essential factor and often a challenging task in the translation of legal acts. Various databases are available to facilitate the translation process and ensure its ...quality. The main inter-institutional terminology database of the European Union is IATE (“Inter Active Terminology for Europe”). The aim of the paper is to conduct a contrastive analysis of a group of English, French and Lithuanian economic terms based on the information provided in IATE. The object chosen for the research is the English, Lithuanian and French multi-word terms including the word market. In total, 266 terms were collected from IATE: 90 English terms and their equivalents in French and Lithuanian. The paper presents a classification of the terms into semantic categories according to various aspects of markets (object of the market, place of the market, duration of the market availability, degree and nature of competition among the market participants, production stage of the items offered in the market, etc.), compares the formal structure of the English terms and their French and Lithuanian equivalents and reveals the tendencies of term formation in the investigated languages. Finally, the paper discusses the problem of synonymy of the terms and the data provided in the term entries of IATE.
The paper aims to study European and Hungarian organisations and institutions that are related to the terminology of education. Then we analyse glossaries, dictionaries and databases that can be ...found online at the webpages of UNESCO and the European Union, and also those that contain education terminology in Hungarian (online and offline). Finally, we are going to introduce our planned database. The terminology of education is a key area at the national level and in the context of the European Union equally. There are existing word lists, glossaries and dictionaries in certain languages that contain the terminology of education in one or more languages. Our aim is to design and prepare a multilingual terminology database in the field of education terminology. The languages we plan to work with are Hungarian, English, and the official languages (Romanian, Slovak, Ukrainian, Croatian, German, Serbian, Slovenian) of the territories in the neighbouring countries where there is a substantial Hungarian minority, who attend school either in the official language of that country or in Hungarian.
Cilj je rada proučiti europske i mađarske organizacije i ustanove koje su povezane s nazivljem u području obrazovanja te nakon toga analizirati glosare, rječnike i baze podataka koji se mogu pronaći na internetskim stranicama UNESCO-a i Europske unije kao i one koje sadržavaju nazivlje iz područja obrazovanja na mađarskom (u tiskanom obliku i u mrežnim vrelima). Naposljetku se govori o planiranoj bazi podataka. Nazivlje iz područja obrazovanja jednako je ključno područje i na nacionalnoj razini i u kontekstu Europske unije. Neki jezici imaju popise riječi, glosare i rječnike koji navode to nazivlje na jednom jeziku ili na više njih. Naš je cilj osmisliti i prirediti višejezičnu terminološku bazu s nazivljem iz područja obrazovanja. Jezici koje namjeravamo uključiti jesu mađarski, engleski i službeni jezici s područja susjednih država u kojima živi znatan broj pripadnika mađarske manjine (rumunjski, slovački, ukrajinski, hrvatski, njemački, srpski i slovenski) koji pohađaju nastavu ili na mađarskom ili na službenom jeziku države u kojoj žive.
Many key terminology databases are managed by national and international organizations. However, the methodology behind the development of such databases has rarely been discussed. This paper ...presents the terminology database of the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), the scientific and technical patent terminology database in ten languages available for browse online in WIPO Pearl. The article discusses in detail the design and structure of the PCT Termbase with reference to ISO standards. Divergences are explained in light of specific aspects of the workflow and the text type under consideration — patents. Thus, traditional problematic areas of terminography are addressed from a practical perspective, e.g. identifying concepts and terms; attributing a concept to a specific subject field in a multidisciplinary database; multilingual equivalence; quality control in terminology management; building domain ontologies from/in terminology databases. A comprehensive understanding of the PCT Termbase is thereby provided.
Cilj je rada proučiti europske i mađarske organizacije i ustanove koje su povezane s nazivljem u području obrazovanja te nakon toga analizirati glosare, rječnike i baze podataka koji se mogu pronaći ...na internetskim stranicama UNESCO-a i Europske unije kao i one koje sadržavaju nazivlje iz područja obrazovanja na mađarskom (u tiskanom obliku i u mrežnim vrelima). Naposljetku se govori o planiranoj bazi podataka. Nazivlje iz područja obrazovanja jednako je ključno područje i na nacionalnoj razini i u kontekstu Europske unije. Neki jezici imaju popise riječi, glosare i rječnike koji navode to nazivlje na jednom jeziku ili na više njih. Naš je cilj osmisliti i prirediti višejezičnu terminološku bazu s nazivljem iz područja obrazovanja. Jezici koje namjeravamo uključiti jesu mađarski, engleski i službeni jezici s područja susjednih država u kojima živi znatan broj pripadnika mađarske manjine (rumunjski, slovački, ukrajinski, hrvatski, njemački, srpski i slovenski) koji pohađaju nastavu ili na mađarskom ili na službenom jeziku države u kojoj žive.
Medical interpreting has a great deal of importance in Spain, which is mainly due to both the large number of residents from English-speaking countries attended in hospitals and, especially, health ...tourism (Observatorio Europeo de Sistemas y Políticas de Salud, 2010; Escuela de Organización Industrial y la Secretaría de Estado de Turismo, 2013 b; Instituto Nacional de Estadística, 2015). Consequently, it is essential that interpreters have the tools they need to carry out their work as efficiently and effectively as possible (Hale, 2010; Angelelli, 2015; Postigo Pinazo, 2015), especially in the terminology field, which constitutes one of the biggest difficulties in biomedical interpretation (Roat/Creeze, 2015). Thus, and based on past research (Postigo Pinazo/Lavado Puyol, 2015), a self-designed survey-based study and the evaluation of the existing terminological resources, in this article we will present a new terminological and research tool intended for interpreters, translators and health professionals: TermiMED.
This paper aims at touching upon effects of technological developments on the translation teaching in the 21st century. These technological developments are usually in the area of Information ...Technology (IT) contributing to the fast growth of the computer industry. The popularization of the computer, especially in the early 1980s changed actually the way translator follows in the translation process through the appearence of useful translator tools including translation memories, terminology databases, translation management programs, electronic corpora and so forth. These breakthroughs happening in the computer technologies also triggered a different perception of what we call functional translation theories defending that every translation is made for a purpose and suggesting a target oriented approach. In the past a translator had to translate using a typewriter or paper and pen. The development of the technology, however, encouraged the translation industry or more appropriately, now localization industry to adopt new tools in the translation process. While explaining all these points, the study follows a descriptive and comparative methodology.
The paper presents a comparative study of "classical" and legislative definitions referring to the same concept in the field of law, which reveal multidimensional nature of these concepts. The author ...focuses on one hand on typology of definitions and on the other on their structure, coherence and applicability. The aim is to decide, on the basis of this comparison, which type of definition is to be used to represent concepts in the domain of law in the Slovak Terminology Database, addressing not only lawyers but also lay public, so that definitions included in this Database can facilitate and enhance knowledge acquisition.
PDF
