The aim of this study was to investigate the possible relationship between galectin-3 gene variants, serum level, gene expression level, and the risks and survivals of resectable non-small cell lung ...cancer patients.
The rs4644 and rs4652 variants of galectin-3 were genotyped by TaqMan single nucleotide polymorphism assay using genomic deoxyribonucleic acid isolated from the peripheral blood of 65 (54 males, 11 females; mean age: 60.1±11.9 years; range, 34 to 83 years) with Stage IA-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer who underwent primary surgical treatment and 95 healthy individuals (48 males, 47 females; mean age: 53.9±13.5 years; range, 32 to 87 years) between March 2017 and September 2018. Circulating galectin-3 levels in serum samples of the patient and control groups were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Messenger ribonucleic acid expression of galectin-3 in tumor and surrounding tissues of the patient group was examined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Both predictive and prognostic significance of the results were analyzed.
The presence of angiolymphatic invasion was significant in the patients with rs4652 AA genotype (p=0.04). Serum galectin-3 levels were significantly higher in the patients than the controls (p<0.0001). The patients with rs4644 CA/CC (p<0.0001 and p<0.0001) and rs4652 AA/AC (p=0.001 and p<0.0001) genotypes had higher serum galectin-3 levels than their corresponding controls. Serum galectin-3 levels increased in the presence of vascular invasion in patients with both rs4644 AC (p=0.03) and rs4652 AC (p=0.019) genotypes. The receiver operating characteristic curve suggested serum galectin-3 level as a strong predictive marker for the patient group with a cut-off value of 17.089 ng/mL (area under the curve: 0.910±0.04; 95% confidence interval: 0.832-0.988; p<0.001). Univariate analysis revealed the association of lower serum galectin-3 levels with better survival (p=0.048). Multivariate survival analysis showed that only high serum galectin-3 levels tended to be related to survival of the patients (hazard ratio: 5.106; 95% confidence interval: 0.956-27.267; p=0.056).
The presence of galectin-3 gene variants may lead to histopathological differences among patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Serum galectin-3 level may be a valuable diagnostic biomarker and be associated with survival of these patients.
This book challenges traditional, sanctioned, and official histories of reading comprehension by examining how ideological and cultural hegemony work to reproduce dominant ideologies through ...education in general and reading comprehension research and testing specifically. Willis analyzes the ideological and cultural foundations that underpin concepts, theories, research, tests, and interpretations, and connects these to the broader social and political contexts within U.S. history in which reading comprehension research and testing have evolved. The reconstruction of a history of reading comprehension research and testing in this way demystifies past and current assumptions about the interconnections among researchers, reading comprehension research, and standardized reading comprehension tests. A promising vision of the future of reading comprehension research and testing emerges - one that is more complex, multidimensional, inclusive, and socially just. (DIPF/Orig.).
L'Autore ripropone il testo di una relazione alla 19a Giornata di studio della internazionale "Kommission für Volksdichtung" tenutasi a Freiburg i. Br. dal 2 al 6 maggio 1989. Bronzini prende avvio ...dal fascicolo di «Lares» del 1939, in cui la critica tedesca dei canti popolari fu messa a confronto con quella italiana. Quest'ultima fu rappresentata dall'analisi, condotta da Vittorio Santoli, della Raccolta di canti popolari che dalla fine dell'Ottocento Michele Barbi (1867-1941) compì e lasciò in gran parte inedita alla Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, dove aveva insegnato per molti anni. Santoli confermava e sviluppava la tesi filologica del suo Maestro Barbi, opponendola a quella estetica di B. Croce, fino allora privilegiata in Italia. Il presente saggio offre, dunque, un interessante spaccato degli studi italiani sulla poesia popolare: campo conteso fra estetica e filologia. L'Auteur repropose le texte d'une relation tenue à l'occasion de la dix-neuvième Journée d'étude de l'internationale "Kommission für Volksdichtung", qui s'est déroulée à Freiburg i. Br. de 2 à 6 mai 1989. Bronzini se réfère au volume de «Lares» / 1939, où les études allemandes des chansons populaires étaient rapportées aux études italiennes. Celles-ci furent représentées par l'analyse – conduite par Vittorio Santoli – du recueil de chansons populaires dû à Michele Barbi (1867-1941), réalisé à la fin du XIXe siècle et déposé – pour une bonne part inédit – chez l'École Normale Supérieure de Pise, où Barbi avait rempli pour nombreuses années la fonction de Professeur. Santoli confirmait et développait la thèse philologique de son maître Barbi, en s'opposant à la thèse esthétique de B. Croce, qui à l'époque était privilégiée en Italie. Cet essai nous offre donc un très intéressant profil des études italiennes de poésie populaire: un domaine disputé entre esthétique et philologie. The Author reproposes the text of a report presented on the 19th day of the International Study "Kommission für Volksdichtung" held at Freiburg i. Br. from May 2nd through 6th 1989. Bronzini starts with a 1939 issue of «Lares» where German criticism of popular songs was compared to the Italian one. The latter was represented by Vittorio Santoli's analysis of the collection of popular songs that Michele Barbi (1867-1941) completed at the end of the 19th century and donated, largely unpublished, to the Scuola Normale Superiore of Pisa where he had taught for many years. Santoli confermed and developed the philological theory of his teacher Barbi opposing it to B. Croce's aesthetic one, up till then privileged in Italy. The essay therefore offers an interesting cross-section of Italian studies on popular poetry: contended between aesthetics and philology. Der Verfasser lenkt die Aufmerksamkeit noch einmal auf den Text einer der Abhandlungen des 19. Tags des Studiums der internationalen "Kommission für Volksdichtung", welcher vom 2. bis zum 6. Mai 1989 in Freiburg/i.Br. stattfand. Bronzini beginnt hierbei mit dem Band von «Lares» von 1939, in dem die deutsche Kritik der Volkslieder mit der italienischen verglichen wurde. Die letztere war durch Vittorio Santoli vertreten, welcher eine Untersuchung zu der Sammlung der Volkslieder durchgeführt hat, die Michele Barbi (1867-1941) realisiert hat und der Schule Scuola Normale Superiore von Pisa, wo er viele Jahre lang unterrichtet hat, größtenteils unveröffentlicht überlassen hat. Santoli bestätigte und entwickelte die philologische These seines Lehrers Barbi weiter und stellte sie der ästhetischen Theorie Croces gegenüber, welche bis dahin in Italien bevorzugt wurde. Die vorliegende Abhandlung bietet also einen sehr interessanten Überblick über die italienischen Forschungen und Studien zur Volkspoesie: einem sowohl von der Ästhetik als auch von der Philologie umstrittenen Gebiet.
Coronary arteriovenous fistula is an uncommon anomaly, representing an incidental finding in 0.1% to 0.2% of coronary angiograms. A 46-year-old man presented with a five-month history of palpitation ...and atypical stabbing chest pain on exertion and/or at rest. The electrocardiogram showed normal sinus rhythm, incomplete right bundle branch block with normal axis, and borderline left atrial abnormality. Echocardiography showed normal left ventricular function, mild left ventricular hypertrophy, moderate left atrial enlargement with mild mitral insufficiency, and moderate right atrial enlargement with mild-moderate tricuspid valve regurgitation. During exercise test, frequent ventricular ectopic beats were noted and the patient complained of atypical chest pain. Scintigraphy showed an ischemic defect in the inferior wall of the left ventricle. On coronary angiography, the right coronary artery and left anterior descending artery were normal, but the circumflex coronary artery was connected to the pulmonary artery through a congenital fistula. The patient refused any further intervention for fistula closure.
Introduction: Peritoneal transport characteristics in children treated with continue ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) differ from adults. It is known that peritoneal area in infants per unit ...weight is twice that of the adult. Multiple experiences with the peritoneal equilibrium test (PET) in children have been published but there is little information available on the use of standardized PET in childhood. In this study we wanted to represent the PET results in children treated with CAPD. Materials Methods: We performed a PET on 21 children (12 boys, 9 girls) aged 23 months to 14 years (average: 10.1 ±4.32 years) using a dwell volume of 30-50 ml/kg of 2.27 % glucose dialysate. The mean duration of CAPD treatment was 12.88±6.69 months (range 2 to 22 months). No patient had suffered from an episode of peritonitis within a month prior to the study. Dialysate to plasma ratios for creatinine (D/Pcreat) were calculated at 0, 2 and 4 hours as were the ratios of dialysate glucose at time 0 (D/D0glu). Statistical evaluation was made by using t-test and Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The average D/Pcreat after a 4-hour dwell was 0.69±0.13 in 21 pediatric patients. Similarly, the mean D/D0glu a 4-hour dwell was 0.39±0.13. When children are evaluated according to adult standards, the majority of patients fit into the high and high average solute transport categories. Mean weekly KT/Vurea values were 2.68±1.16. Conclusion: PET should be done in children with CAPD to choose the most efficient PD regimen. Since ultrafiltration is inadequate in children, rapid exchanges and/or usage of automated peritoneal dialysis should be encouraged.
Giriş: Sürekli ayaktan periton diyalizinde (SAPD) peritoneal eşitlenme testi (PET) ile belirlenen periton membranının transport özelliği çocuk ve erişkin hastalar arasında büyük değişiklikler göstermektedir. Çocuklarda peritoneal yüzey alanının erişkinlerin iki katı olduğu bilinmektedir. Pek çok çalışma olmasına karşın çocuklarda PET standardizasyonu konusunda henüz fikir birliğine varılmamıştır. Bu çalışmada SAPD uygulanan çocuklarda PET sonuçlarını vermeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: SAPD programında izlenen 21 hastaya (21 erkek, 9 kız) standart PET uygulanmıştır. Olguların yaş dağılımı 23 ay ile 14 yaş arasında olup, yaş ortalaması 10.1 ±4.32 yıldır. İzlem süreleri 2 ay ile 22 ay arasında değişmekte olup, ortalama izlem süresi 12.88±6.69 aydır. Olguların 9'unda PET 6 ay sonra yinelenmiştir. Bir ay içerisinde peritonit saptanan olgularda test yapılmamıştır. Hastalarda %2.27 glukoz içeren diyaliz solüsyonu 30-50 ml/kg olacak şekilde verilmiştir. Kreatinin için Diyalizat Plazma (D/Pkreat) oranları 0., 2., 4. saatte ve 2., 4. saatteki Diyalizat glukozunun 0. saatteki diyalizat glukozuna oranları (D/D0glu) hesaplanmıştır. İstatistiksel değerlendirme t-testi ve korelasyon analizi ile yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda 21 hastanın 4. saat sonundaki ortalama D/Pkreat değerleri 0.69±0.13 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Benzer şekilde 4.saatteki D/D0glukoz oranı 0.39±0.13 olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca 9 hastada 6 ay sonra yinelenen PET değerleri istatistiksel bir farklılık göstermemiştir. Ortalama haftalık KT/Vüre değerleri ise 2.68±1.16 olarak saptanmıştır Çalışma grubumuzun membran permeabilite özellikleri erişkin standartları ile karşılaştırıldığında, D/Pkreat ve D/D0glu değerleri açısından hastalarımızın çoğu yüksek ve yükseğe yakın orta solüt transport özelliği göstermektedir. Sonuç: SAPD programındaki çocuklarda en etkin diyaliz yönteminin seçimi için PET mutlaka yapılmalıdır. Ayrıca, çocukluk yaş grubunda ultrafiltrasyon yetersiz olduğundan sık değişim ve/veya aletli diyaliz uygulaması yaygınlaştırılmalıdır.
This study addresses the prediction of the burst pressures and permanent volume expansions of the vehicle toroidal LPG fuel tanks using both experimental and finite element analysis (FEA) approaches. ...The experimental burst test investigations were carried out hydrostatically in which the cylinders were internally pressurized with water. The LPG tanks are subjected to incremental internal uniform pressure in the FEA modeling. 2D nonlinear plane models are developed and evaluated under non-uniform and axisysmmetric boundary conditions. For the analysis, the required actual shell properties including weld zone and thickness variations are investigated. Therefore, the results of the burst pressures and volume expansions are predicted and compared to experimental ones.
Viene offerta alla lettura e alla consultazione una rarità bibliografica: l'almanacco folclorico francese del 1882. Il testo, riprodotto integralmente, è preceduto da un breve saggio introduttivo, ...che sottolinea la particolare rilevanza che tale almanacco assume per il tempo della sua uscita (1882), quale precedente preparatorio delle grandi riviste francesi di folklore, e se ne illustra quindi il contenuto col richiamo di nomi di studiosi europei che risultano rubricati e con un rapido commento delle notizie date e dei canti popolari che vi sono inclusi. On propose ici une rarété bibliographique à lire et à consulter: l'almanach folklorique français du 1882. Le texte – intégralement reproduit – est précédé par un bref essai introductif, où Bronzini remarque l'importance de l'almanach à l'époque de la parution (1882). Cet almanach représente en effet un précédent considérable par rapport aux plus importantes revues françaises de folklore. C'est pourquoi Bronzini en illustre le contenu à travers le rappel des spécialistes européens qui y sont répertoriés, en ajoutant un bref commentaire des notices et des chansons populaires ci-incluses. The French folklore almanac of 1882, a bibliographical rarity, is offered for reading and consultation. The text, reproduced in its entirety, is preceded by a brief introductive essay that underlines the particular importance the almanac has considering its date of publication (1882), a forerunner of the great French folklore periodicals, and illustrates its contents with a cross reference of names of European scholars that are indexed and with a brief comment on the information given and the popular songs included therein. Hiermit wird dem Leser eine bibliographische Rarität zur Lektüre und Konsultation geboten: Das französische Almanach der Folklore von 1882. Der Text, der in seiner vollständigen Ausgabe reproduziert worden ist, wird von einer kurzen Abhandlung eingeleitet, in welcher die besondere Bedeutung des Almanachs vor allem in der Zeit seiner Veröffentlichung (1882) unterstrichen wird. Man könnte es als eine vorbereitende Schrift für die großen französischen Volkskunde-Zeitschriften betrachten. Weiterhin wird ein kurzer Einblick in den Inhalt gegeben, besonders mit der Aufzählung der Namen europäischer Gelehrter, die im Almanach in Verzeichnisform unterbreitet werden, und mit einem kurzen Kommentar zu den gegebenen Informationen und den in das Werk eingeschlossenen Volksliedern.
Bu çalışmada 1987-2007 döneminde Türkiye’de kamu iç borçlanmasının bazımakro ekonomik göstergeler büyüme, enflasyon, faiz oranları üzerindeki etkisi analiz edilmiştir. Analizlerde ADF Birim Kök ...Testi, Johansen Eş-Bütünleşme Testi ve Granger Nedensellik testlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Analizler sonucu iç borçlanma ile büyüme arasında bir eş-bütünleşmenin olduğu, buna karşın iç borçlanma-faiz oranıve iç borçlanma-enflasyon arasında bir eş-bütünleşmenin bulunmadığıgörülmüştür. Ayrıca, iç borçlanma ile büyüme arasında bir nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Bu tespit, son yıllarda Türkiye ekonomisinde meydana gelen büyümenin en önemli kaynağının iç borçlanma olduğuna işaret etmektedir.
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