Cephalic typology in dog Lignereux, Y. (Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse (France). Anatomie); Regodon, S; Pavaux, C
Revue de médecine vétérinaire,
(Jun 1991), Letnik:
142, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Two samples of perch (Perca fluviatilis) older than 0+ juveniles, from two different ecosystems (River Danube and Lake Gruzansko jezero), were compared, based on 21 morphometric characters. The ...morphology during the studied periods of ontogeny was different in perch from the Danube and Lake Gruzansko jezero, probably as the result of differences in environmental conditions. This conclusion was corroborated by the different modes of morphological change between the various age classes.
A study on the skull of yellow cattle Shi Yongxian (Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Yaan (China). Dept. of Animal Husbandry)
Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University (China),
(Jun 1989), Letnik:
7, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Frequency histograms of the head capsule lengths of Palirhoeus eatoni (C. O. Waterhouse) and Bothrometopus randi Jeannel larvae, collected in the field, indicate that both these epilithic ...ectemnorhinine species have seven larval instars. Head capsule measurements and wet masses are provided for each instar of both species. Larval activity patterns are discussed.
Evoked potentials were induced by transcranial stimulation and recovered from the spinal cord, and the radial and sciatic nerves in six dogs. Stimulation was accomplished with an anode placed on the ...skin over the area of the motor cortex. Evoked potentials were recovered from the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord by electrodes placed transcutaneously in the ligamentum flavum. Evoked potentials were recovered from the radial and sciatic nerves by surgical exposure and electrodes placed in the perineurium. Signals from 100 repetitive stimuli were averaged and analyzed. Waveforms were analyzed for amplitude and latency. Conduction velocities were estimated from wave latencies and distance traveled. The technique allowed recovery of evoked potentials that had similar characteristics among all dogs. Conduction velocities of potentials recovered from the radial and sciatic nerves suggested stimulation of motor pathways; however, the exact origin and pathway of these waves is unknown.
From this brief review of history it is evident that lead, mercury, iodine, cobalt, iron, copper, manganese, and zinc have important influences on brain development and function. Identity of ...thresholds at which effects occur is needed for determination of safe and/or essential levels of these elements in diets. Such knowledge will help define human needs for essential elements, and the hazards of toxic elements.
