Audio description is one of the sub-branches of audiovisual translation, which has achieved significant growth in recent years. The current study examined the description of characters’ facial ...expressions of emotion in Persian audio described films. Facial expressions of emotions were initially analyzed based on Ekman and Friesen’s (2003) model. Next, we designed a questionnaire based on the proposed model and asked 50 participants to answer the questions. It was found that 60.18% of the emotions were lost in translation. The most frequently described emotions were sadness, surprise, anger, happiness and fear, in that order. The results of the first and second phases were consistent since the participants mentioned that the description of emotions were insufficient.
(No) Sympathy for the Devil? Steiger, Peter
Scrinium (Saint Petersburg, Russia),
03/2021, Letnik:
17, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Abstract
As a successor and strong supporter of Origen, though not an uncritical one, Didymus the Blind has long been presented as advocating controversial theological views, notably the ...apokatastasis. Along with Origen and Evagrius, Didymus’ views on this were condemned by the Fifth Ecumenical Council in 553
CE
. In order to better understand Didymus’ theology, it is important to consider his notion of spiritual conflict and its ramifications for the friends and enemies of God. The purpose of this paper is to examine Didymus’ theology of enmity with God, in particular his interpretation of key biblical passages that indicate certain characters as enemies of God, namely Satan, the demons, and Judas Iscariot. The paper will address such questions as should Christians have any sympathy for Satan and the demons? Was Judas’ betrayal merely the selling out of Jesus based on greed, or was there a deeper betrayal of the teacher-student relationship? How do God’s enemies contrast with Didymus’ understanding of the friends of God? In addition to considering Didymus’ exegesis of these characters, the paper will examine his treatment of the New Testament command to love one’s enemies. Didymus’ doctrinal and exegetical texts will both be considered to establish his theology of spiritual conflict. Finally, these considerations will be contextualized within Didymus’ own theological milieu, where the blind scholar seems to be aware of mounting criticism of his theology, perhaps by his own students, and even possibly the conflicts swirling around several of his prominent former students (Evagrius, Jerome and Rufinus).
Explore the Jewish traditions preserved in the commentaries of a largely neglected Alexandrian Christian exegete
Justin M. Rogers surveys commentaries on Genesis, Job, Psalms, Ecclesiastes, and ...Zechariah by Didymus the Blind (ca. 313-398 CE), who was regarded by his students as one of the greatest Christian exegetes of the fourth century. Rogers highlights Didymus's Jewish sources, zeroing in on traditions of Philo of Alexandria, whose treatises were directly accessible to Didymus while he was authoring his exegetical works. Philonic material in Didymus is covered by extensive commentary, demonstrating that Philo was among the principle sources for the exegetical works of Didymus the Blind. Rogers also explores the mediating influence of the Alexandrian Christian tradition, focusing especially on the roles of Clement and Origen.
Features
Fresh incites into the Alexandrian Christian reception of PhiloA thorough discussion of Didymus's exegetical method, particularly in theCommentary on GenesisExamination of the use and importance of Jewish and Christian sources in Late Antique Christian commentaries
The assembly stage is a vital phase in the production process and currently, there are still many manual tasks in the assembly operation. One of the challenges of manual assembly is the issue of ...blind area assembly since the visual obstruction of the hands or a part can lead to more errors and lower assembly efficiency. In this study, we developed an AR-assisted assembly system that solves the occlusion problem. Assembly workers can use the system to achieve comprehensive and precise hand–eye coordination (HEC). Additionally, we designed and conducted a user evaluation experiment to measure the learnability, usability, and mental effort required for the system for other HEC modes. Results indicate that hand position is the first visual information that should be considered in blind areas. Besides, the Intact HEC mode can effectively reduce the difficulty of learning and mental burden in operation, while at the same time improving efficiency.
Andrew Leland’s The Country of the Blind: A Memoir at the End of Sight is a personal narrative of the writer’s decades-long transition from sightedness to blindness triggered by retinitis pigmentosa ...(RP), an eye condition that first affects one’s peripheral vision and gradually results in total loss of sight. It is also an inquiry into the history, culture, and the sociopolitical discourse surrounding blindness. This combination makes the book a part of the tradition of American life-writing that approaches blindness both as a lived experience and a subject of historical inquiry. The said tradition includes Georgina Kleege’s Sight Unseen (1999) and M. Leona Godin’s Their Plant Eyes: A Personal and Cultural History of Blindness (2021), works that demonstrate the centrality of writing to one’s understanding of blindness and emphasise that blindness is as much cultural and political as personal.
This study investigated the different activities and distinctive roles undertaken by the 67 schools for the blind across Japan. A qualitative content analysis based on primary sources, including ...annual reports published by the Association of Principals of Schools for the Blind from 2011 to 2020 was conducted. From the identified activities, two themes: “activities targeted to individuals with visual impairment” and “activities targeted to environment of individuals with visual impairment,” with nine total categories emerged. Several findings of this study corroborated those from previous research. However, this research elucidates how Japanese schools for the blind approach crucial elements needed in ensuring equal access to education and social participation for all students with visual impairment (VI) including those in mainstream classrooms. The findings highlight the complexity of the debate surrounding segregated schools in this era of inclusion and calls on policy makers and school administrators to adopt a more nuanced understanding of the roles these schools play in supporting inclusive education.
Highlights In the type of sports, motivation and social anxiety can help the coach to better guide the athlete and better understand the body perception. There is no difference between the sports ...motivation of blind team athletes except for the component of sensory experiences. Individual and team blind athletes; Have the same inner motivation for each other. There is no difference between limb social anxiety among blind athletes in team and individual disciplines. Abstract Background: Sports psychology literature shows that motivation is essential in individual and team sports. This study compares sports motivation and Social Physique Anxiety (SPA)between blind and visually impaired elite athletes in individual and team sports. Methods: The study is comparative in terms of design. The population was Iranian professional blind and visually impaired athletes in 2021. The sample includes N=110, n=35 in team sports (football and Goalball) and n=75 in individual sports (swimming, chess, wrestling, athletics), selected by convenience sampling method. The research tool was Sport Motivation Scale (SMS-18) and Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS). Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent t-test and analysis of variance) are used to analyze the data with SPSS 24. Results: The results show a significant difference between the stimulating experience of athletes in individual and group sports in sports motivation components (P<0.05), and no significant difference is observed for other research variables (P>0.05). Also, the analysis of variance showed no significant difference between the elite athletes in individual and team sports in terms of sports motivation (P = 0.982) and SPA (P = 0.937). Conclusion: It is suggested that the factors affecting the motivation of sports participation of blind athletes in other sports should be examined. We need to focus more on programs that reduce SPA in blind and visually impaired athletes.
It is well established that meeting physical activity (PA) guidelines has a range of physical and mental health benefits. For people who are blind and vision impaired (BVI) there may be additional ...benefits in terms of social inclusion and the prevention of sight deterioration.
This study aimed to quantify PA levels, barriers to and motivators for PA in adults who are BVI.
PA levels, perceived barriers to, and motivators for PA were measured via questionnaire of 310 self-identifying BVI adults (n = 310 mean age = 29.77 ± 11.37, 55.8% male).
PA levels were low, with 21.7% meeting PA guidelines. Median PA levels were not statistically significantly different between different age groups. There was no significant difference between genders, though mean days of PA for males was 0.382 days lower than for females.
There was a significant difference between PA levels between the “no vision” (B1) and “useful vision” (B3) groups (p = 0.027), and the “no vision” (B1) and the “low vision” (B2) groups (p = 0.003). Transport (54.8%) and lack of access to enjoyable activities (47.0%) were the most commonly cited barriers, while “to relax” (36.4%) and “to have fun” (35.6%) were most commonly cited as very important motivators.
This study provides a valuable insight into the low levels of PA that persist amongst adults with BVI. Future research should seek to gain a deeper understanding of the PA barriers, motivators and facilitators in this cohort.
Students with visual loss may benefit from assistive technology (AT) for their educational activities.
To understand the barriers faced in using ATs by students who have heard of ATs and reported ...needing them, but were not using (acquainted students), at schools for the blind in Delhi.
Two hundred and fifty students were selected randomly from ten schools for the blind in Delhi and screened for presenting and pinhole binocular distance vision using a modified 'E' chart and multiple pinhole occluder. Students were divided into two groups; 1/60 or better vision (likely to benefit from vision-based AT) and <1/60 vision, (likely to benefit from tactile/sound-based AT). Awareness of, and need for, ATs was investigated for each student with a questionnaire. Then information on barriers to using AT was obtained from students who knew about AT, felt they needed AT, but were not using them. This information was collected for a total of 42 ATs.
The three most requested tactile/sound-based ATs for the 250 students were talking watch, Braille typewriter and audio format. The three most requested vision-based ATs in 69 (27.6%) students who had presenting or pinhole visual acuity less than 6/18 to 1/60 were near optical magnifiers, electronic magnifiers and large keyboard for computer. Non-availability of ATs in schools was the most common perceived barrier (43% of overall responses), followed by economic constraints (20% of responses).
Non-availability or limited possession of ATs and financial constraints were the major barriers to use of ATs among students.
IMPLICATION FOR REHABILITATION
Students with visual disability face many challenges in accessing assistive technology for their education learning, especially in low middle-income countries.
Non-availability and limited possession of assistive technology by schools for the blind are main barriers in the study.
School authorities must recognize their responsibility to ensure assistive technology (academic and non-academic related, visual and non-visual based) are made accessible for their students with adequate quantity.
Future studies should focus on all school age children in the community rather than focusing on school going children.
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