Na pojavu i štete od kukuruznog moljca kao jednog od najvažnijih štetnika kukuruza mogu utjecati različiti čimbenici. Istraživanje utjecaja sustava obrade tla i gnojidbe kukuruza na napad i štete od ...kukuruznog moljca provedeno je 2021. godine na pokusnim površinama Veleučilišta u Križevcima. Tretmani u pokusu bili su: standardna obrada tla (ST), konzervacijski sustav plitki (KSP) i konzervacijski sustav duboki (KSD), gnojidba prema preporuci (GPP), GPP s dodatkom biofoziološkog aktivatora (GPPGEO) te gnojidba umanjena za 50% (GU) i GU s dodatkom biofoziološkog aktivatora (GUGEO). Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da sustav obrade tla, gnojidba kukuruza i njihove interakcije imaju značajan utjecaj na većinu, ali ne na sve mjerene parametre oštećenja od kukuruznog moljca (postotak zaraze stabljike, drške klipa i klipa, broj rupa i ukupna dužina oštećenja, broj gusjenica po biljci). Varijante ST, GPPGEO i GPP te njihove interakcije rezultirale su najvećim intenzitetom zaraze u većini parametara. Sustav obrade tla nije imao značajan učinak na postotak zaraze drške klipa, a gnojidba nije imala utjecaja na postotak zaraženih stabljika i broj gusjenica po biljci. Najveća masa klipa po biljci utvrđena je kod tretmana obrade tla KSP i ST, kod gnojidbe GPPGEO i GPP te u interakcijama KSP i GPP te ST i GPPGEO.
The infestation and damage caused by the European corn borer (ECB), as one of the most important pests of corn, are influenced by various factors. Research on the impact of different soil tillage systems and corn fertilization on attack and damage of ECB was conducted in year 2021 in Križevci (NW Croatia). The influence of conventional tillage (ST), deep loosening (CTD shallow loosening (CTS), fertilization as recommended (FR), FR with addition of biophysiological activator Geo2 (FRG) and fertilization reduced by 50% (F50%) and F50% with addition (F50%G)) of biophysiological activator were determined. The results of the research showed that the tillage system, corn fertilization and their interactions have a significant influence on most of the measured parameters of intensity of infestation from the ECB (percentage of stem, ear shank and ear infestation, number and length of holes in stalk, number of caterpillars per plant), but not for all. Variants ST, FRG and FR and their interactions resulted in the highest infestation intensity in most parameters, but the tillage system had no significant effect on the percentage of ear shank infestation, and fertilization did not affect the percentage of stalk infestation and the number of caterpillars per plant. The highest ear mass per plant was found in soil treatment CTS and ST, in fertilization FRG and FR and in the interactions of CTS and FR and ST and FRG.
Measurement and evaluation of nuclear data of radioisotopes used as tracers are continuously underway in many laboratories to reach high accuracy for their use in production. We briefly mention some ...of the radionuclides useful for medical diagnostics and other industrial applications. The research group at the Egyptian cyclotron facility (EGCF) performed in collaboration with nuclear research centres and universities in many countries (Germany, Hungary, Finland, USA, Japan and Saudi Arabia) some measurements and evaluations of interesting nuclear reaction data. Nuclear reactions induced by p, d and α-particles on a wide variety of targets were extensively studied from threshold energy up to 50 MeV. Nuclear model code calculations, mainly using EMPIRE and TALYS, were performed for nuclear data validation. Proton and neutron activation of some industrially interesting samples were also studied as technological application of nuclear analytical techniques. Since the cyclotron facility is dedicated to development of the production routes of medical radioisotopes, this overview presents examples of optimization experiments to establish good production conditions.
•We formalize the notion of assignments and assignment strategies.•We present an SMT encoding from which assignment strategies are extracted.•We define a sound decomposition of a TLA+ formula into ...symbolic transitions.•We implement the above as part of the APALACHE model checker.•We present experimental results using several state-of-the-art TLA+ specifications.
In ▪, a system specification is written as a logical formula that restricts the system behavior. As a logic, ▪ does not have assignments and other imperative statements that are used by model checkers to compute the successor states of a system state. Model checkers compute successors either explicitly — by evaluating program statements — or symbolically — by translating program statements to an SMT formula and checking its satisfiability. To efficiently enumerate the successors, TLA's model checker TLC introduces side effects. For instance, an equality x′=e is interpreted as an assignment of e to the yet unbound variable x.
Inspired by TLC, we introduce an automatic technique for discovering expressions in ▪ formulas such as x′=e and x′∈{e1,…,ek} that can be provably used as assignments. In contrast to TLC, our technique does not explicitly evaluate expressions, but it reduces the problem of finding assignments to the satisfiability of an SMT formula. Hence, we give a way to slice a ▪ formula in symbolic transitions, which can be used as an input to a symbolic model checker. Our prototype implementation successfully extracts symbolic transitions from a few ▪ benchmarks.
is an intracellular parasite of all mammals and birds, responsible for toxoplasmosis. In healthy individuals
infections mostly remain asymptomatic, however this parasite causes severe morbidity and ...mortality in immunocompromised patients and congenital toxoplasmosis in pregnant women. The consumption of raw or undercooked pork is considered as an important risk factor to develop toxoplasmosis in humans. Since effective therapeutic interventions to treat toxoplasmosis are scarce, vaccination of meat producing animals may prevent
transmission to humans. Here, we evaluated the elicited immune responses and the efficacy of a potential vaccine candidate, generated by size fractionation of
lysate proteins, to reduce the parasite burden in tissues from experimentally
infected pigs as compared to vaccination with total lysate antigens (TLA). Our results show that both the vaccine candidate and the TLA immunization elicited strong serum IgG responses and elevated percentages of CD4
CD8
IFNγ
T cells in
infected pigs. However, the TLA vaccine induced the strongest immune response and reduced the parasite DNA load below the detection limit in brain and skeletal muscle tissue in most animals. These findings might inform the development of novel vaccines to prevent
infections in livestock species and humans.
Na območju Triglavskega narodnega parka zasledimo poseben tip travnikov – grbinaste travnike. Zaradi človekove dejavnosti imajo grbinasti travniki ne le naravovarstveno, ampak tudi kulturno vrednost. ...Zato je od leta 2004 v Programu razvoja podeželja (PRP) vzpostavljen sistemski ukrep za ohranjanje grbinastih travnikov. Kmetje so za njihovo vzdrževanje upravičeni do izravnalnih plačil, a je ta podpora nizka, med manj poznanimi in zelo slabo uveljavljenimi. Uradni prostorski sloj grbinastih travnikov je, kljub terenski preveritvi in nadgradnji v letu 2021, necelovit in deloma pomanjkljiv. Namen članka je prikaz nove metode oziroma razvoja kvantitativnega postopka identifikacije grbinastih travnikov na območju Triglavskega narodnega parka. Omejitev postopka je, da ni neposredno uporaben za zaznavanje grbinastih travnikov brez naknadnega terenskega ali digitalnega pregleda. Z njegovo uporabo smo predstavili možnost učinkovite nadgradnje obstoječega uradnega prostorskega sloja grbinastih travnikov.
Liquid biopsies combine minimally invasive sample collection with sensitive detection of residual disease. Pediatric malignancies harbor tumor-driving copy number alterations or fusion genes, rather ...than recurrent point mutations. These regions contain tumor-specific DNA breakpoint sequences. We investigated the feasibility to use these breakpoints to design patient-specific markers to detect tumor-derived cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma from patients with pediatric solid tumors.
Regions of interest (ROI) were identified through standard clinical diagnostic pipelines, using SNP array for CNAs, and FISH or RT-qPCR for fusion genes. Using targeted locus amplification (TLA) on tumor organoids grown from tumor material or targeted locus capture (TLC) on FFPE material, ROI-specific primers and probes were designed, which were used to design droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays. cfDNA from patient plasma at diagnosis and during therapy was analyzed.
TLA was performed on material from 2 rhabdomyosarcoma, 1 Ewing sarcoma and 3 neuroblastoma. FFPE-TLC was performed on 8 neuroblastoma tumors. For all patients, at least one patient-specific ddPCR was successfully designed and in all diagnostic plasma samples the patient-specific markers were detected. In the rhabdomyosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma patients, all samples after start of therapy were negative. In neuroblastoma patients, presence of patient-specific markers in cfDNA tracked tumor burden, decreasing during induction therapy, disappearing at complete remission and re-appearing at relapse.
We demonstrate the feasibility to determine tumor-specific breakpoints using TLA/TLC in different pediatric solid tumors and use these for analysis of cfDNA from plasma. Considering the high prevalence of CNAs and fusion genes in pediatric solid tumors, this approach holds great promise and deserves further study in a larger cohort with standardized plasma sampling protocols.
Direct drive tubular linear actuators (TLAs) may be used in various applications that require fast movements and high-precision positioning, e.g., pick-and-place robots. This article presents the ...analysis, dynamic electromechanical model derivation, controller design, and system operation of a TLA with integrated magnetic bearings (MBs). Furthermore, the actuator operation is verified with extensive measurements on the prototype, which include axial position step response, standard deviation of the steady-state positions and mover tilting control. Compared with any conventional TLA, which may perform only linear motion, the mover tilting control is possible due to integrated MBs. This gives the new actuator a great advantage in high-precision positioning systems, since any thermal expansions of the parallel kinematics may be compensated.
Cilj ovog rada bio je utvrditi sastav humusa u antropogenim tlima unutar različitih agroekoloških uvjeta Istre. Istraživanje je provedeno 2020. godine na tri tipa tla: terasirano tlo, amfiglej i ...oranično tlo iz crvenice. Sa svake lokacije uzeti su uzorci tla iz oraničnog (0-30 cm) i podoraničnog sloja (30-50 cm), u 5 ponavljanja. Optička gustoća alkalnog ekstrakta humusnih tvari (E4/E6) određena je spektrofotometrijski (VIS). Prosječni sadržaj huminskih kiselina (HA) u oraničnom sloju tla snižavao se kako slijedi: amfiglej (0,58%) > oranično tlo iz crvenice (0,53%) > terasirano tlo (0,26%). U podoraničnom sloju tla najviše je HA u amfigleju (0,48%), potom u oraničnom tlu iz crvenice (0,40%), a najmanje u terasiranom tlu (0,11%). Odnos HA/FA u oba sloja istraživanih tala opadao je kako slijedi: oranično tlo iz crvenice (2,28 i 1,49) > amiglej (1,11 i 1,09) > terasirano tlo (0,39 i 0,34). U oraničnom sloju E4/E6 povećavao se kako slijedi: Oranično tlo iz crvenice (1,28) < amfiglej (1,31) < terasirano tlo (4,69), a u podoraničnom sloju: amfiglej (1,43) < oranično tlo iz crvenice (1,64) < Terraced soil (4,83) U terasiranom tlu s HA/FA < 1 i E4/E6 > 4 prevladavale su fulvo kiseline alifatske strukture i male molekulske mase, što je pokazatelj loše kakvoće humusa. U amfigleju i oraničnom tlu iz crvenice s HA/FA > 1 i E4/E6 < 4 prevladavale su aromatske, visokopolimerizirane molekulske strukture, odnosno humus je bolje kvalitete.
Tasks in modular proofs of concurrent algorithms Castañeda, Armando; Hurault, Aurélie; Quéinnec, Philippe ...
Information and computation,
June 2023, 2023-06-00, 2023-06, Letnik:
292, Številka:
Selected papers from SSS’2019, the 21st International Symposium on Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Proving the correctness of distributed or concurrent algorithms is a complex process. Errors in the reasoning are hard to find, calling for computer-checked proof systems like Coq or TLA+. To use ...these tools, sequential specifications of base objects are required to build modular proofs by composition. Unfortunately, many concurrent objects lack a sequential specification. This article describes a method to transform any task, a specification of a concurrent one-shot distributed problem, into a sequential specification involving two calls, set and get. This enables designers to compose proofs, facilitating modular computer-checked proofs of algorithms built using tasks and sequential objects as building blocks. Moir & Anderson implementation of renaming using splitters, wait-free concurrent objects, is an algorithm designed by composition, but it is not modular. Using our transformation, a modular description of the algorithm is given in TLA+ and mechanically verified using the TLA+ Proof System. As far as we know, this is the first time this algorithm is mechanically verified.
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