Major changes in global rainfall patterns accompanied a northward shift of Earth’s thermal equator at the onset of an abrupt climate change 14.6 kya. This northward pull of Earth’s wind and rain ...belts stemmed from disintegration of North Atlantic winter sea ice cover, which steepened the interhemispheric meridional temperature gradient. A southward migration of Earth’s thermal equator may have accompanied the more recent Medieval Warm to Little Ice Age climate transition in the Northern Hemisphere. As fossil fuel CO ₂ warms the planet, the continents of the Northern Hemisphere are expected to warm faster than the Southern Hemisphere oceans. Therefore, we predict that a northward shift of Earth’s thermal equator, initiated by an increased interhemispheric temperature contrast, may well produce hydrologic changes similar to those that occurred during past Northern Hemisphere warm periods. If so, the American West, the Middle East, and southern Amazonia will become drier, and monsoonal Asia, Venezuela, and equatorial Africa will become wetter. Additional paleoclimate data should be acquired and model simulations should be conducted to evaluate the reliability of this analog.
A new species of aphroditiform polychaete, Protopholoe colombiana, is described from the Coniacian of Colombia, South America, increasing the number of species of this genus known from the fossil ...record to two. This is the first occurrence of fossil soft-bodied polychaetes in the Tropical Americas, and indicates that aphroditiforms were spread worldwide during the Mesozoic.
La papa (Solanum tuberosum), como todas las plantas cultivadas, depende de factores atmosféricos; por tanto, las heladas se convierten en un factor limitante para su producción, lo que ha ocasionado ...que los agricultores opten por cultivar en zonas con alturas superiores a 3.000 msnm, para ampliar la frontera agrícola. En estos sitios, las heladas son más severas, además del daño irreversible a los ecosistemas estratégicos como los páramos ya que la aplicación excesiva de agroquímicos y el sistema de monocultivo hacen que los suelos pierdan sus propiedades y por tanto, la producción disminuye. Por esta razón, el Centro Virtual de la Cadena Agroalimentaria de la papa CEVIPAPA, en convenio con la Universidad Pedagógica y tecnológica de Colombia, UPTC desarrolló un trabajo de investigación con el propósito de reconocer áreas sensibles a heladas en el departamento de Boyacá. El trabajo se desarrolló en los municipios de Toca, Motavita, Cómbita, Úmbita,Ventaquemada, Chíquiza, Tunja, Siachoque, Soracá y Saboyá,donde se evaluó la problemática causada por las heladas en este cultivo; así mismo, se detectaron las zonas de mayor producción, identificando las veredas con mayor incidencia en cada uno de los municipios, con el fin de controlar y mitigar los efectos negativos en el cultivote dicho tubérculo.
As novas comunidades religiosas católicas no Brasil têm desafiado as congregaçõesreligiosas tradicionais na medida em que produzem formas inovadoras de adesão à vidareligiosa (VR). Essas formas ...conjugam tradicionalismo e flexibilidade e possuem maiorcapacidade de atração do segmento juvenil feminino. Analisa-se, neste texto, a Toca deAssis, uma nova comunidade que logrou o estatuto de instituto religioso, mas queconsegue, em razão de sua juventude, estabelecer relações de gênero menos assimétricas.A pesquisa, realizada no período de 2009 a 2011, comparou algumas congregaçõesreligiosas de origem franciscana com a Toca de Assis, que, embora contemporânea,conjuga aspectos do medievo com a modernidade, sobretudo no que se refere ao uso denovas mídias e tecnologias de comunicação.
The article examines the contemporary youth from the axis of the religiosity and religious adherence to Catholic institutions. The first section presents data on the profile of young people and shows ...that work and study are important demands to this segment. The young Brazilians also express belief in social change. Based on data of a quantitative research with young religious, in Baixada Fluminense, and primary data on young people in the Institute Toca de Assis, the second part of the article argue that the latter young, coming from its ideals of poverty and denial of the knowledge, can represent a challenge to situation of the young Brazilian society. It compares the different forms of adherence to religious institutions and suggests that Toca de Assis, in spite of the institutionalization process that it goes through, has challenged the traditional institutions of religious life and its mechanisms of power and is presented as an empirical object relevant to the analysis of new religious sensibilities of the youth.
O presente estudo busca compreender a aderência de jovens a um instituto católico – Toca de Assis – que se caracteriza por adotar um estilo de vida configurado por radical pobreza, renúncia a bens e ...estudos formais, e dependência exclusiva da providência divina, além de desenvolvimento de trabalho com pessoas em situação de rua. Busca entender a opção juvenil por um estilo de vida religiosa rigoroso a partir de propostas de vida contrastivas com a sociedade contemporânea e, de certo modo, com a própria Igreja, visando identidades alternativas e fortes. Assim, o artigo desenvolve o tema Juventude; Toca de Assis, renúncia, pobreza; tem como objetivo verificar as relações entre juventude, comportamento e adesão a estilos de vida radicais; usa, principalmente, da metodologia das ciências sociais; tem por conclusão provisória a compreensão de que os jovens que aderem à Toca de Assis, ao renunciar a bens materiais, estudo, e ao assumirem uma vida de pobreza e solidariedade com os pobres, estão em um movimento de contrastividade e contestação social motivadas por uma identificação com o Cristo sofredor.Palavras-chave: Toca de Assis. Renúncia. Pobreza. Jovens. Abstract: The present study aims to understand the adherence of youth people to a Catholic institute called Toca de Assis. This group adopts a lifestyle of radical poverty, wich calls for renunciation of material goods and also to formal studies. Participants in this group also claim rely solely on state of divine providence for their material survival. Young people in this group perform a work of assistance to people marginalized by society and to those who live at risk on the streets. The article seeks to understand the reasons for the choice of young people for a religious lifestyle so strict that contrasts with the lifestyle of contemporary society and in a sense, the Church itself, aiming at the formation of alternate identities. Thus, the article develops the theme “youth”, “Toca de Assis”, “resignation”, and “poverty”. The study aims, in short, to examine relationships between youth behavior and adherence to radical lifestyles; For this purpose, a methodology of social science is used. As in interim conclusion, this discussion indicates the following: youth people who adhere to Toca de Assis, renouncing material possessions, study, and assuming a life of poverty and solidarity with the poor, are in a movement of social protest and are motivated by an identification with the suffering Christ.Keywords: Toca de Assis. Renunciation. Poverty. Youth.
The present study aims to understand the adherence of youth people to a Catholic institute
called Toca de Assis. This group adopts a lifestyle of radical poverty, wich calls for
renunciation of ...material goods and also to formal studies. Participants in this group also
claim rely solely on state of divine providence for their material survival. Young people in
this group perform a work of assistance to people marginalized by society and to those who
live at risk on the streets. The article seeks to understand the reasons for the choice of young
people for a religious lifestyle so strict that contrasts with the lifestyle of contemporary
society and in a sense, the Church itself, aiming at the formation of alternate identities.
Thus, the article develops the theme youth, Toca de Assis, resignation, and poverty.
The study aims, in short, to examine relationships between youth behavior and adherence to
radical lifestyles; For this purpose, a methodology of social science is used. As in interim
conclusion, this discussion indicates the following: youth people who adhere to Toca de
Assis, renouncing material possessions, study, and assuming a life of poverty and solidarity
with the poor, are in a movement of social protest and are motivated by an identification
with the suffering Christ.
Este estudo busca compreender a aderência de jovens a um instituto católico Toca de
Assis que se caracteriza por adotar um estilo de vida configurado por radical pobreza,
renúncia a bens e estudos formais e dependência exclusiva da providência divina, além de
desenvolvimento de trabalho com pessoas em situação de rua. Busca entender a opção
juvenil por um estilo rigoroso de vida religiosa a partir de propostas de vida contrastivas
com a sociedade contemporânea e, de certo modo, com a própria Igreja, visando a
identidades alternativas e fortes. Assim, o artigo desenvolve o tema Juventude Toca de
Assis, renúncia, pobreza e tem por objetivo verificar as relações entre juventude,
comportamento e adesão, e estilos de vida radicais. Usa, principalmente, a metodologia das
ciências sociais. Tem por conclusão provisória a compreensão de que os jovens que aderem
à Toca de Assis, ao renunciarem a bens materiais e estudo e ao assumirem uma vida de
pobreza e solidariedade para com os pobres, estão em um movimento de contrastividade e
contestação social, motivados por uma identificação com o Cristo sofredor.
Background information. The F‐BAR {Fes/CIP4 Cdc42 (cell division cycle 42)‐interacting protein 4 homology and BAR (Bin/amphiphysin/Rvs)} proteins have emerged as important co‐ordinators of signalling ...pathways that regulate actin assembly and membrane dynamics. The presence of the F‐BAR domain is the hallmark of this family of proteins and the CIP4 (Cdc42‐interacting protein 4) was one of the first identified vertebrate F‐BAR proteins. There are three human CIP4 paralogues, namely CIP4, FBP17 (formin‐binding protein 17) and Toca‐1 (transducer of Cdc42‐dependent actin assembly 1). The CIP4‐like proteins have been implicated in Cdc42‐dependent actin reorganization and in regulation of membrane deformation events visible as tubulation of lipid bilayers.
Results. We performed side‐by‐side analyses of the three CIP4 paralogues. We found that the three CIP4‐like proteins vary in their effectiveness to catalyse membrane tubulation and actin reorganization. Moreover, we show that the CIP4‐dependent membrane tubulation is enhanced in the presence of activated Cdc42. Some F‐BAR members have been shown to have a role in the endocytosis of the EGF (epidermal growth factor) receptor and this prompted us to study the involvement of the CIP4‐like proteins in signalling of the PDGFRβ PDGF (platelet‐derived growth factor) β‐receptor. We found that knock‐down of CIP4‐like proteins resulted in a prolonged formation of PDGF‐induced dorsal ruffles, as well as an increased PDGF‐dependent cell migration. This was most likely a consequence of a sustained PDGFRβ activation caused by delayed internalization of the receptor in the cells treated with siRNA (small interfering RNA) specific for the CIP4‐like proteins.
Conclusions. Our findings show that CIP4‐like proteins induced membrane tubulation downstream of Cdc42 and that they have important roles in PDGF‐dependent actin reorganization and cell migration by regulating internalization and activity of the PDGFRβ. Moreover, the results suggest an important role for the CIP4‐like proteins in the regulation of the activity of the PDGFRβ.
To assess a threshold for Gluc-Lys(18)F-TOCA positron emission tomography (PET) in target volume delineation of glomus tumors in the skull base and to compare with MRI-based target volume ...delineation.
The threshold for volume segmentation in the PET images was determined by a phantom study. Nine patients with a total of 11 glomus tumors underwent PET either with Gluc-Lys(18)F-TOCA or with (68)Ga-DOTATOC (in 1 case). All patients were additionally scanned by MRI. Positron emission tomography and MR images were transferred to a treatment-planning system; MR images were analyzed for lesion volume by two observers, and PET images were analyzed by a semiautomated thresholding algorithm.
Our phantom study revealed that 32% of the maximum standardized uptake value is an appropriate threshold for tumor segmentation in PET-based target volume delineation of gross tumors. Target volume delineation by MRI was characterized by high interobserver variability. In contrast, interobserver variability was minimal if fused PET/MRI images were used. The gross tumor volumes (GTVs) determined by PET (GTV-PET) showed a statistically significant correlation with the GTVs determined by MRI (GTV-MRI) in primary tumors; in recurrent tumors higher differences were found. The mean GTV-MRI was significantly higher than mean GTV-PET. The increase added by MRI to the common volume was due to scar tissue with strong signal enhancement on MRI.
In patients with glomus tumors, Gluc-Lys(18)F-TOCA PET helps to reduce interobserver variability if an appropriate threshold for tumor segmentation has been determined for institutional conditions. Especially in patients with recurrent tumors after surgery, Gluc-Lys(18)F-TOCA PET improves the accuracy of GTV delineation.
Two volcano-sedimentary complexes, the Toca da Moura Complex (TMC) and the Cabrela Complex (CAC), situated in the southwestern border of the Portuguese part of the OMZ, were investigated for ...palynostratigraphy. The TMC studied sections provided miospores assigned to the middle late Viséan NM spore Biozone, early Viséan Pu Biozone and late Tournaisian CM Biozone. Several stratigraphic sections of the CAC provided miospores of the same age. Reworked Devonian and Tournaisian palynomorph assemblages are quite common in the studied samples. The TMC and the CAC thus appear to be coeval. The TMC crops out in close association with the plutono-volcanic suite of the Beja Massif while the CAC is discordant on a Variscan (Silurian?) well-structured substrate. The geochemical signature of the TMC volcanic rocks indicates their relationship with an orogenic volcanic arc generated in close association with a north deeping subduction zone. The CAC has probably the same origin. Both complexes were laid down in intra-arc small basin(s) whose margins were the locus of intense erosion.
Palynological assemblages obtained from the Ossa Morena Zone are comparable to those recognized from the Late Devonian and Mississippian of the South Portuguese Zone. Similarities between the assemblages from the two crustal blocks show that they were close to each other during this interval. Thus, the oceanic basin that existed between the two blocks and to which the Beja-Acebuches Ophiolite is related was closed prior Late Devonian.
PDF
