Based on geomorphologic and digital elevation model (DEM) data, the topographic characteristics of the northwestern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are analyzed. Five representative peaks are first ...determined according to the topographic profile maps for the ridge and piedmont lines, and then the topographic gradient characteristics are analyzed according to the representative topographic profile acquisition method. Based on the geomorphologic database data, the regions between the ridge and the piedmont lines are divided into four geomorphologic zones; and the topographic characteristics are finally analyzed for the different geomorphologic zones regions using the DEM data. The research results show that from the piedmont to the ridge, there exist four geomorphologic zones: arid, fluvial, periglacial and glacial. The arid has the lowest elevation, topographic gradient, relief and slope characteristics. The fluvial has lower elevation and the highest topographic gradient, but with lower relief and slope characteristics. With higher elevation, the periglcial has lower topographic gradient, but the highest relief and slope characteristics. The glacial has the highest elevation with higher topographic gradient, relief and slope characteristics.
Compared to burn interiors, edges exhibit distinct biotic and abiotic conditions that include microclimate, wind speed, sunlight levels, soil composition, moisture content, nutrient availability, ...population density, and species diversity. This study characterized the landscapes in which burned forest edges formed in Samcheok, Korea. Over the study area, 500-m2 grid cells were generated to capture landscape characteristics. Grid cells intersecting burn boundary lines were designated as edge, while cells without these lines were classified as the interior of burned areas. Topographic variables including slope, elevation, topographic wetness index, solar radiation index, and proportions of fuel and land use types within grid cells were computed in a geographical information system （GIS）. Correlation analysis with modified t-test and regression tree analysis were performed to explore the influences of landscape variables on edge formation with avoiding spatial autocorrelation problems. The results indicated that edges formed at low elevations with mild slopes, high topographic wetness, and low solar radiation. Edges were unlikely to form in areas dominated by Japanese red pines at low elevations. Moreover, heterogeneous land use/cover types contributed significantly to edge formation. Different forest management strategies for different landscape conditions can be more effective for enhancing resilience of forests to fire. Reducing susceptible fuel types might be effective at low elevations, while enhancing forest heterogeneity might be more effective at high elevations.
This research aims to assess the suitability of Ukrainian territories for the placement of solar power stations using satellite data on climate and topographic characteristics. The suitability of the ...territories was determined using a weighted sum method, incorporating input parameters from climate maps sourced from ERA5-Land dataset, which included data on annual global horizontal solar irradiation (GHI), accumulated annual temperature above 25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}, average annual wind speed, and maps of accumulated annual precipitation. Additionally, topographic maps from the SRTM dataset were utilized, providing information on elevations, slopes, and terrain shading. Furthermore, data from Wikimapia on the locations of existing major solar power stations in Ukraine were used to verify the placement optimization. The results of the study revealed that the largest portion of the country (over 48%) exhibits moderate suitability scores (0.3-0.4). Favorable territories (suitability score above 0.3) outweigh unsuitable ones for solar power stations. The southern regions and the Crimean Peninsula offer the most favorable conditions for the placement of solar farms. Overall, all analyzed major solar power stations in Ukraine were located in optimal territories. Furthermore, it was found that certain regions such as Odessa, Poltava, Kharkiv, Zaporizhia, Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk, and Luhansk demonstrate good suitability scores (0.3-0.4), yet they are not fully exploited. These regions hold significant potential for the future construction of powerful and productive solar power stations.
Frost Damage of Mulberry Tree according to Topographic Characteristics in Buan Province Jeon, K.S., Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea; Kim, H.C., Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea; Bae, H.J., Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea ...
Journal of Bio-Environment Control,
(Mar 2011), Letnik:
20, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This research was carried out to investigate frost damage of mulberry tree (Morus alba) according to topographic characteristics in Buan province. The first bud-break, leafing, blooming and harvest ...date of mulberry tree in 2010 were two, four, fourteen and eight days later than those in 2009, respectively. These results were that daily mean temperature during March and April in 2010 were lower than those in 2009 by 2.3℃ and 2.4℃. Frost damage of orchards at flat-bottomed valley, flat near hill and lake, and plain were 50.0%, 12.0%, and 4.2%, respectively. Also, frost damage of branch of below 15 mm in diameter was serious than that of branch over 16 mm, but orchard at flat-bottomed valley was high as the range of 46.2~54.0%. These results in 2010 were caused by occurrence of below zero temperatures in leafing stage. Since then, many shoots came out at accessary bud on proximal and the top part of the branches. Therefore, frost damage of mulberry tree in Buan province in 2010 was caused by occurrence of below zero temperatures on April and topographic characteristics of orchard.
Currently, scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is actively used to obtain surface data. A large number of images require a fast and high-accuracy calculation of the topographic parameters of particles on ...the surface. The original grain analysis algorithm based on finding a local maximum is realized by sorting an array of points forming the topography of the SPM image surface. It provides to determine various topographic characteristics of objects located on a surface (height, lateral dimensions, area, volume, etc).
BACKGROUND: Urban surface sediments,the source and aggregation of various pollutants in the urban environment,have become an important part of urban environmental pollution. It is of significance in ...urban environment monitoring to study the physicochemical and mineralogical characteristics of urban surface sediments.OBJECTIVES: To investigate the particle size distribution,heavy metals distribution mineral compositions and topographic characteristics of surface sediments in Chengdu City.METHODS: 40 surface sediment samples were collected from different areas in Chengdu City. Physicochemical and mineralogical characteristics of urban surface sediments were studied by the comprehensive analysis and mutual verification of various technical means and disciplines,such as laser particle size analyzer,inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy with EDS and X-ray diffraction.RESULTS: There was a high consistency between the mass distribution and volume distribution of surface sediment particles,which were dominated by the medium-fine particles. Particle size less than 0. 3 mm accounted for more than 70% of the total weight and total volume of surface sediment particles,whereas particle size less than0. 125 mm accounted for about 40%. The contents of heavy metals such as Cu,Pb,Zn,As,Hg,Cr,Cd and Ni in surface sediments increased with the decreasing particle size of sediments,which were mainly distributed in particle with size less than 0. 125 mm. The distribution of heavy metals varied with direction and ring roads. The rock-forming elements such as Si,Ca,K,Na were abundant in different particle size sediments. Surface sediments mainly contained minerals such as quartz,feldspar and calcite,and they had similar content in different particle size sediments. The fine-grained minerals exhibited colloidal behavior and easily adsorbed various heavy metals.CONCLUSIONS: Particle size distribution and mineral composition characteristics of urban surface sediments are the internal factors affecting the distribution of heavy metals content in sediments,and human activities are the key factors controlling the degree of heavy metal pollution in surface sediments.
The erosive response of two sub-basins after a severe rainfall event is analysed. These basin drain to the Alfonso XIII reservoir (basin of the Quípar river, affluent of the Segura river). Lithology, ...slope and length of the riverbeds, and basin surfaces of 29 hydrological correction dams, are calculated by digitized maps, to scale 1:5.000, and field studies. All these variables are related to the sedimentation held in each one of the dams in that rainy event. Basins where marls is the main rock formation show greater sedimentation, with a complete lack of sediments in the gypsum ones, possibly because of their greater infiltration capacity. Large basins show also greater sedimentation. The location of some dams, for the purpose that they are supposed to fulfil is questionable. Se analiza la respuesta erosiva de dos subcuencas, vertientes al embalse de Alfonso XIII (cuenca del río Quípar, afluente del río Segura), ante un evento pluviométrico, caracterizado de alta intensidad. Mediante digitalización a escala 1:5.000, y estudios de campo, se determinan las variables: litología, pendiente y longitud de los cauces, y superficies de cuencas vertientes, a 29 diques de retención de corrección hidrológica. Todas estas variables se relacionan con la sedimentación retenida en cada uno de los diques en ese evento lluvioso. Se constata, como áreas de mayor sedimentación las cuencas constituidas preferentemente por margas, y la ausencia de depósitos en áreas de yesos, posiblemente, por su mayor capacidad de infiltración. Cuencas mayores muestran mayor sedimentación. Se cuestiona la correcta ubicación de algunos diques, para la finalidad que deberían cumplir.
