Raw beef patties were treated with either 450 ppm of Sodium metabisulphite (SMB), or Kakadu plum powder (KPP) (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%) or no additive (negative control) and stored under Modified ...Atmosphere Packaging at 4 ± 1 °C for 20 days. Lipid oxidation, microbial growth rate, pH, instrumental color, and surface myoglobin were studied. Total phenolic compounds (TPC) and vitamin C of the KPP were also measured. The TPC was 13.9 g GAE/ 100 g dry weight (DW) and for vitamin C, the L-AA (l-ascorbic acid) and DHAA (dehydroascorbic acid) were 12.05 g/100 g and 0.5 g/ 100 g DW, respectively. The experimental results indicated that lipid oxidation was significantly delayed throughout the storage period for KPP-treated samples compared to both the negative control and SMB-treated samples. KPP at levels of 0.2% and 0.4% in the raw beef patties were efficient in slowing down the microbial growth rate compared to the negative control; however, SMB had a higher antimicrobial activity. The pH, the redness as well as metmyoglobin formation in the raw beef patties were reduced by the inclusion of the KPP in treated samples. A correlation (r = −0.66) was noted between KPP treatments and lipid oxidation, but there was no correlation (r = −0.006) between KPP treatment and microbial growth. This study demonstrates that KPP could be used as natural preservative for shelf-life extension of raw beef patties.
•The effectiveness of Kakadu plum powder (KPP) as natural preservative in raw beef patties was evaluated.•KPP had greater antioxidant attributes compared to both Sodium metabisulphite and the negative control (NC)•KPP had marginally higher antimicrobial attributes compared to the NC.•Addition of KPP resulted in a strong negative correlation with lipid oxidation.
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•Any of the biopolymer protected the freeze-dried orange puree phenolics and vitamin C.•Sample with modified starch enhanced the protection of the more labile carotenoids.•Gum Arabic ...and bamboo fiber most favored bioaccesibility of phenolics and vitamin C.
Dehydrated fruit puree may be a convenient way to promote the healthy consumption of fruit based foods. Drying carriers, highly used by the food industry to stabilize dried fruit products, may show a potential encapsulating capacity of the biocompounds, that could also limit their bioaccesibility. This study analyzed the impact of gum Arabic (GA), bamboo fiber (BF), native corn starch, starch substituted with octenylsuccinic groups, pea fiber, and maltodextrin on the in vitro bioaccessibility of vitamin C (VC), total phenols (TP), and β-carotene, as well as on the antioxidant capacity during the freeze-drying and in vitro digestion of an orange puree. Amongst the formulations studied, GA + BF was the most effective for phytochemicals protection of the freeze-dried orange puree during the intestinal stage of digestion, resulting in a higher TP and VC bioaccessibility (59% and 36%, respectively).
In the present study, the technique of electrocoagulation (EC) followed by filtration was explored at the laboratory scale for the removal of organic compounds from olive debittering wastewater ...(ODW). Different parameters such as electrode type and distance as well as sample pH, current density, and electrolysis time were investigated in batch experiments with identical electrode geometries. Our results showed that highest pollutant removal efficiency and lowest operational cost were achieved using two Al electrodes at a distance of 1 cm apart with a sample pH of 4.0. Moreover, rises in the electrolysis time and current density (up to 60 min and 15 mA cm−2, respectively) led to improvements in the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total polyphenolic compounds (TPC), and turbidity. Under optimized conditions, the removal of COD, TPC and turbidity reached 78.51, 90.44 and 97.92%, respectively; the values of 1.01 g m−3, 12.0 kWh cm−3 and 0.12 USD m−3 were calculated as the electrode consumption, electrical energy consumption and operating cost, respectively. Chromatography results revealed tyrosol and catechin as the main phenolic compounds present in both the initial effluent and the generated sludge.
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•Electrocoagulation was performed in the olive debittering wastewater.•Initial treatments and chemicals are not needed.•The Al electrodes showed excellent efficiency within a short electrolysis time.•More than 90% of TPC and turbidity and 76% of initial COD were removed simultaneously.
"Ke qi 7–8" is one of main Lycium barbarum varieties planted in Ningxia, and its fruits (LB) and leaves (LBL) are regarded as a preferred source of bioactive chemicals. Recent studies have focused on ...different methods that affect the extraction rate of active compounds. In our study, biosurfactant extraction (BSE) method was reported to significantly increase the extraction efficiency of total phenols in LB and LBL which reached at 2.459 ± 0.006 mg GAE/g and 3.16 ± 0.010 mg CatE/g, respectively. BSE efficaciously augmented the clearance of ABTS˙+ and DPPH˙ with a rate of 1.223±0.001 mg/g and 1.585±0.001 mg/g in LB. According to HPLC-MS/MS, metabolic pathways and biosynthesis of secondary metabolite were at the top of KEGG pathways, which were related to TP and TF. As a result, BSE can be employed as an effective technique to extract flavonoids from LB and LBL, and our data offer practical value for the development and functional research of the phenolic active components of L. barbarum fruits and leaves.
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•Biosurfactant extraction (BSE) is the optimal way for total phenol (TP) extraction.•BSE was effective in improving the antioxidant potential of Lycium barbarum TP.•Biosynthesis of secondary metabolite pathways was linked to TP and antioxidants.•BSE can provide important theoretical and applied values for the extraction of TP.
This work aimed to characterise four seaweed species: nori (Phorphyra), kombu (Laminaria), wakame (Undaria) and sea spaghetti (Himanthalia elongata). Their nutritional composition, total phenolic ...compounds (TPC), antioxidant capacity, oil and water holding capacity (OHC and WHC), and swelling capacity (SC) were determined. Wakame and nori exhibited the highest proteins contents, rich in essential amino acids and in those related to umami flavour. All the samples had a low lipid content and high ash content values. High fibre levels were observed, especially in kombu. The TPC content and antioxidant capacity of sea spaghetti was significantly higher than in the other samples. The OHC, WHC and SC of the seaweeds demonstrated their potential influence on texture of food products. The incorporation of these seaweeds into different foodstuffs could entail an improvement of the nutritional quality and texture properties, and could also reduce the use of Na and synthetic additives.
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•Nori, wakame, kombu and sea spaghetti showed excellent nutritional properties.•High fibre levels were observed in all seaweeds, especially in kombu.•Sea spaghetti had the highest value of antioxidant activity.•The four seaweeds presented good properties of oil and water holding capacity.•The seaweeds studied could replace synthetic additives in food products.
Onion peels have considerable amounts of bioactive compounds with high antioxidant capacity. This study aimed to assess the antioxidant capacity of yellow, white, and purple onion peel extracts and ...to analyze their antioxidant effects on the thermo-oxidative stability of soybean oil. The extracts were assessed regarding the total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities. The oil was supplemented with extracts of onion peel, tocopherol, ascorbyl palmitate, and tert-butylhydroquinone, whether isolated and combined. The treatments were subjected to thermo-oxidation and the samples were analyzed for oxidative stability, total polar compounds, and tocopherols content. The purple onion peel extract showed the highest efficiency in phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. In the oxidative stability analysis, OAP, OTBHQ and OPE+OTBHQ (synergistic effect) stood out. Total polar compounds were elevated in SO, OTOC, and OTOC+OAP at 8 hours, and all treatments exceeded the 25% limit at 16 hours. δ-tocopherol showed greater retention at the end of 16 hours in the OPE treatment with 51.54%. Therefore, the use of purple onion peel extract can delay oxidation and contribute to the retention of tocopherols, enabling the use of lower concentrations of synthetic antioxidants.
•Gaussian Process Regression models accurately predicted moisture content and aw.•MC variations dominate the NIR region, potentially masking phenolic compounds.•The GPR model is feasible to predict ...moisture content for many commodities.
The potential of Visual-NIR hyperspectral imaging (VNIR-HSI, 425–1700 nm) to predict celeriac quality attributes during the drying process was investigated. The HSI-Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) fusion method excellently predicted moisture content (MC, R2 ≈ 1.00, RMSE = 0.77 gw 100 gs-1) and water activity (aw, R2 = 0.98, RMSE = 0.04). Moreover, the rehydration ratio (RR, R2 = 0.89, RMSE = 0.04) and colour indices (R2 = 0.80–0.93, RMSE = 0.17–1.45) were reasonably predicted. However, antioxidant activity (AA) and total phenolic compounds (TPC) were poorly predicted. These results are potentially due to MC variations dominating the NIR region, masking phenolic compounds. Finally, the celeriac-based-trained model was assessed by predicting the MC of apple, cocoyam, and carrot slices. The results were encouraging; however, a GPR model trained on the data of all four commodities was more robust (R2 ≈ 1.00, RMSE = 1–2 gw 100 gs-1).
•One year study in honey to estimate the best procedure to delay crystallization.•Six different pretreatment procedures investigated.•Time differentiation of the selected quality parameters of honey ...were determined.•Storage of honey at −18 °C extended the shelf-life of honey.
The current study investigated the effect of different thermal and non-thermal procedures for the estimation of the optimum conditions of treatment of different honey types (erica, cotton, thyme, eucalyptus and pine honey) to avoid or delay crystallization without losing the nutritional benefits of honey. Different physicochemical parameters, such as pollen analysis, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), diastase activity, acidity, and total phenolic compounds were used as quality indicators. The different treatment procedures were evaluated in different honey types and in different time periods. It was proved that to achieve a non-crystallised product that lasts over a year, samples must be heated at 72 oC or stored at −18 °C. However, only by storing samples at −18 °C kept the nutritional benefits of honey and provide similar results with the fresh unheated samples. All procedures were examined in a long-term period (one year) in order to have a complete and accurate result.
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•Sulphonated graphene catalyst incorporation with sludge delignified rice straw.•Solubilization of rice straw is increased with addition of anaerobes and catalyst.•Sulphonated ...graphene catalyst boosted the microbial activities degrading rice straw.•Crenarchaeota, Euryarchaeota and Parvarchaeota phyla increased with catalyst addition.•Biomethanization of rice straw by anaerobes/catalyst could be replicated in other biomass.
Biomethanization of crude rice straw (RS) was enhanced by a coupled effectiveness of sulphonated graphene (SGR) with sludge rich anaerobes (SRA). A reduction of 19.2 ± 1.32% for cellulose, 40.8 ± 3.7% for hemicellulose and 30.8 ± 2.4% for lignin was achieved with addition of SRA after fermentation of 60 days. The abundance of hydrolytic microbes in SRA i.e. Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi and Proteobacteria caused RS structure liquefaction and dissolution. The reduction of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin boosted to 92.3 ± 1.5, 84.9 ± 3.5 and 97.0 ± 1.8% respectively with SGR catalyst addition of 100 mg/gVS. Reducing sugars, phenols and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were subsequently utilized by bacteria and archaea species of Methanosphaera, Methanocella, Candidatus Methanoregula, Methanolinea and Methanosaeta. The biogas yield was 92 ± 3.1 mL/gRS and methane content amounted to 68 ± 4.6% % at SGR catalyst of 80 mg/gVS. These findings show the potential of using SRA/SGR to improve the RS fermentation with a novel application for biogas productivity.
Flaxseed is considered as a major raw material for producing functional vegetable oil. To promote the extraction process of flaxseed oil, effects of radio frequency (RF) pretreatment at investigated ...temperatures (70, 90, 110, 130, and 150 °C) on yield, physicochemical property and sensory quality of flaxseed oil were determined. The results showed that the yield of flaxseed oil increased from 31.29 to 38.23% after RF pretreatment at 150 °C (p < 0.05). The total phenolic, lignan, antioxidant capacity, chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents of flaxseed oil increased significantly with the increase of RF pretreatment temperature (p < 0.05). Nonetheless, the higher RF pretreatment temperatures caused a slight increase on oil oxidation indices (free fatty acid, peroxide value, conjugated diene, conjugated trienes, and p-anisidine value). These results provide theoretical guidance for practical applications of RF pretreatment in the production and processing of edible vegetable oil.
•Effects of RF pretreatment on yield and quality of flaxseed oil were determined.•RF pretreatment was conducted under different temperatures from 70 to 150 °C.•Yield of flaxseed oil increased from 31.29 to 38.23% after RF heating at 150 °C•RF pretreatment did not have significant effects on oil quality.
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